From owner-ibis Tue Aug 3 11:04:54 1999 Received: from relay1.wv.mentorg.com (relay1.mentorg.com [192.94.38.42]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id LAA29800 for ; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 11:04:53 -0700 (PDT) Received: from em-wv03.wv.mentorg.com by relay1.wv.mentorg.com (8.8.8/CF5.40F) id KAA11322; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 10:58:04 -0700 (PDT) Received: from mentor.com by em-wv03.wv.mentorg.com (8.8.8/CF5.40R) id KAA24873; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 10:58:01 -0700 (PDT) Sender: bob_ross@mentorg.com Message-ID: <37A72DAA.6CDAA91F@mentor.com> Date: Tue, 03 Aug 1999 10:58:02 -0700 From: Bob Ross X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.05 [en] (X11; I; SunOS 5.5.1 sun4u) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: ibis@eda.org CC: bob_ross@mentorg.com Subject: IBIS BIRD59 MODEL SPEC DIAGRAMS Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit To IBIS Committee: BIRD59 documents the intended diagrams to be included in IBIS Version 3.2 in response to editorial letter ballot comments on SP-4557 for more clarification. Please review these for discussion at the Friday August 6, 1999 IBIS Meeting. Bob Ross Mentor Graphics ****************************************************************************** ****************************************************************************** BIRD ID#: 59 ISSUE TITLE: Model Spec Diagrams REQUESTER: Bob Ross, Mentor Graphics DATE SUBMITTED: August, 1999 DATE ACCEPTED BY IBIS OPEN FORUM: Pending ****************************************************************************** ****************************************************************************** STATEMENT OF THE ISSUE: The need to illustrate some [Model Spec] subparameters was raised in letter ballot responses to SP-4557. ****************************************************************************** STATEMENT OF THE RESOLVED SPECIFICATIONS: The [Model Spec] keyword is presented with added diagrams. Also the |* adds a clarifying remark concerning the static overshoot definition. Replace the existing [Model Spec] keyword with the text below: |============================================================================= | Keyword: [Model Spec] | Required: No | Sub-Params: Vinh, Vinl, Vinh+, Vinh-, Vinl+, Vinl-, S_overshoot_high, | S_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_high, D_overshoot_low, | D_overshoot_time, Pulse_high, Pulse_low, Pulse_time, Vmeas | Description: The [Model Spec] keyword defines four columns under which | specification subparameters are defined. | | The following subparameters are defined: | Vinh Input voltage threshold high | Vinl Input voltage threshold low | Vinh+ Hysteresis threshold high max Vt+ | Vinh- Hysteresis threshold high min Vt+ | Vinl+ Hysteresis threshold low max Vt- | Vinl- Hysteresis threshold low min Vt- | S_overshoot_high Static overshoot high voltage | S_overshoot_low Static overshoot low voltage | D_overshoot_high Dynamic overshoot high voltage | D_overshoot_low Dynamic overshoot low voltage | D_overshoot_time Dynamic overshoot time | Pulse_high Pulse immunity high voltage | Pulse_low Pulse immunity low voltage | Pulse_time Pulse immunity time | Vmeas Measurement voltage for timing measurements | | Usage Rules: [Model Spec] must follow all other subparameters under the | [Model] keyword. | | For each subparameter contained in the first column, the | remaining three hold its typical, minimum and maximum values. | The entries of typical, minimum and maximum must be placed on | a single line and must be separated by at least one white | space or tab character. All four columns are required under | the [Model Spec] keyword. However, data is required only in | the typical column. If minimum and/or maximum values are not | available, the reserved word "NA" must be used indicating the | typical value by default. | | The minimum and maximum values are used for specifications | subparameter values that may track the min and max operation | conditions of the [Model]. Usually it is related to the | Voltage Range settings. | | Unless noted below, each subparameter does not require having | any other subparameter. | | Vinh, Vinl rules: | | The threshold subparameter lines provide additional min and | max column values, if needed. The typ column values are still | required and would be expected to override the Vinh and Vinl | subparameter values specified elsewhere. Note: the syntax | rule that require inserting Vinh and Vinl under models remains | unchanged even if the values are defined under the [Model | Spec] keyword. | | To mimic a hysteresis effect, the values of Vinh and Vinl may | be interchanged such that the Vinl value is larger than the | Vinh value. However, simulators may process this information | differently or report an error. | | Vinh+, Vinh-, Vinl+, Vinl- rules: | | The four hysteresis subparmeters must all be defined before | the hysteresis threshold rules become effective. Otherwise | the standard threshold subparameters remain in effect. The | hysteresis thresholds shall be at the Vinh+ and Vinh- values | for a low-to-high transition, and at the Vinl+ and Vinl- | values for a high-to-low transition. | | | | | Receiver Voltage with Hysteresis Thresholds | | | | | | oo o | | o oo ooooooooo | | o o | Vinh+ | - - - - - - - - - x o | Vinh- | - - - - - - - - x o | | o o | | o o | | o o | Vinl+ | - - - - - - o - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - x | Vinl- | - - - - - - o - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - x | | o o | | o o | |oooooo-----------------------------------------------------oooooooo | | Time --> | | S_overshoot_high, S_overshoot_low rules: | | The static overshoot subparameters provide the voltage values | for which the model is no longer guaranteed to function |* correctly. Typically these are voltages which would cause |* the physical component to be destroyed. | | D_overshoot_high, D_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_time rules: | | The dynamic overshoot values provide a time window during | which the overshoot may exceed the static overshoot limits | but be below the dynamic overshoot limits. D_overshoot_time | is required for dynamic overshoot testing. In addition, if | D_overshoot_high is specified, then S_overshoot_high is | necessary for testing beyond the static limit. Similarly, if | D_overshoot_low is specified, then S_overshoot_low is | necessary for testing beyond the static limit. | | | | | Receiver Voltage with Static and Dynamic Overshoot Limits | | | | | | D_overshoot_time ->| |<- | | | | | D_overshoot_high - - - - - - -+ - - -+ | | | oo | Passes - Does Not Exceed Bounds | | |o o | | S_overshoot_high - - - - - - -x o +- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - | | o o ooooooooo | | o o o | | o o | | o o | | o o | | o o | | o o | | o o Fails - | | o o Exceeds Bounds | | o o | | | | | o o V V V | |oooooo-------------------------------------------o---------o---oooo | S_overshoot_low - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - x +x x x - - | | |o x x | | | o o| | D_overshoot_low - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + -x x-+ | | | x | | D_overshoot_time ->| |<- | | Time --> | | Pulse_high, Pulse_low, Pulse_time rules: | | The pulse immunity values provide a time window during which | a rising pulse may exceed the nearest threshold value but | be below the pulse voltage value and still not cause the | input to switch. Pulse_time is required for pulse immunity | testing. A rising response is tested only if Pulse_high is | specified. Similarly, a falling response is tested only if | Pulse_low is specified. The rising response may exceed the | Vinl value, but remain below the Pulse_high value. | | Similarly, the falling response may drop below the Vinh value, | but remain above the Pulse_low value. In either case the | input is regarded as immune to switching if the responses | are within these extended windows. If the hysteresis | thresholds are defined, then the rising response shall use | Vinh- as the reference voltage, and the falling response shall | use Vinl+ as the reference voltage. | | | | | Receiver Voltage with Pulse Immunity Thresholds | | | | | | Switching No Switching | | | | | | | oo o | Switching | | | o oo ooooooooo | | | | | o o | | | | V o o V oooV | Vinh - - - - - - - - - - x - - - - - - - - - - - - - x o + -x | | Pulse_time ->| o |<- |ooo | o | Pulse_high - - - - - + o - + Pulse_low - + - - + o | | |o | Pulse_time ->| |<- o | Vinl - - - - - - - - x + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - x | | o o | | o o | | o o | |oooooo------------------------------------------------------------o | | Time --> | | Vmeas rules: | | The Vmeas values under the [Model Spec] keyword override the | Vmeas entry elsewhere. |----------------------------------------------------------------------------- [Model Spec] | Subparameter typ min max | | Thresholds | Vinh 3.5 3.15 3.85 | 70% of Vcc Vinl 1.5 1.35 1.65 | 30% of Vcc | | Vinh 3.835 3.335 4.335 | Offset from Vcc | Vinl 3.525 3.025 4.025 | for PECL | | Hysteresis | Vinh+ 2.0 NA NA | Overrides the Vinh- 1.6 NA NA | thresholds Vinl+ 1.1 NA NA Vinl- 0.6 NA NA | All 4 are required | | Overshoot | S_overshoot_high 5.5 5.0 6.0 | Static overshoot S_overshoot_low -0.5 NA NA D_overshoot_high 6.0 5.5 6.5 | Dynamic overshoot D_overshoot_low -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 | requires | | D_overshoot_time D_overshoot_time 20n 20n 20n | & static overshoot | | Pulse Immunity | Pulse_high 3V NA NA | Pulse immunity Pulse_low 0 NA NA | requires Pulse_time 3n NA NA | Pulse_time | | Timing Thresholds | Vmeas 3.68 3.18 4.68 | A 5 volt PECL | | example | |============================================================================= ****************************************************************************** ANALYSIS PATH/DATA THAT LED TO SPECIFICATION: Diagrams are added to clarify meanings and also to illustrate switching points for the Vinl-, Vinl+, Vinh-, and Vinh+ hysteresis subparameters and for the pulse immunity subparameters Pulse_high, Pulse_low, and Pulse_time. Diagrams also show regions where the receiver waveform passes and fails the overshoot constraints based on S_overshoot_high, S_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_high, D_overshoot_low, and D_overshoot_time subparameters. A short explaination is added for the static overshoot parameters to respond to Intel's comment below. ****************************************************************************** ANY OTHER BACKGROUND INFORMATION: This is in response to two letter ballot comments submitted in June, 1999 on SP-4557 for EIA ratification of Version 3.2 from Cisco Systems and Intel. The comments are shown below: Cisco Systems Comment 1 was: Cisco Systems: 1 Editorial Reference: Page 24 Suggested Change: Add a hysteresis diagram showing all the sub-parameters. Rationale: Would clarifiy usage of Vinh+, Vinh-, Vinl+, Vinl-, S_overshoot_high, S_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_high, D_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_time, Pulse_high, Pulse_low, Pulse_time. Intel: 7 Editorial Reference: Page 24 Suggested Change: the whole discussion on dynamic and static overshoot is confusing. I can't figure out if static or dynamic overshoot implies an absolute maximum rating or device destruction or what. Not sure how to fix, but this does need to be clarified. ****************************************************************************** From owner-ibis Tue Aug 3 12:30:17 1999 Received: from calliope1.fm.intel.com (calliope1.fm.intel.com [132.233.247.10]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id MAA29991 for ; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 12:30:16 -0700 (PDT) Received: from fmsmsx17.intel.com (fmsmsx17.fm.intel.com [132.233.58.209]) by calliope1.fm.intel.com (8.9.1a+p1/8.9.1/d: relay.m4,v 1.6 1998/11/24 22:10:56 iwep Exp iwep $) with ESMTP id MAA25818 for ; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 12:23:53 -0700 (PDT) Received: by fmsmsx17.fm.intel.com with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0) id ; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 12:23:50 -0700 Message-ID: <4575832C8E71D111AC4100A0C96B512704A79852@fmsmsx36.fm.intel.com> From: "Muranyi, Arpad" To: ibis@eda.org Subject: RE: IBIS BIRD59 MODEL SPEC DIAGRAMS Date: Tue, 3 Aug 1999 12:23:41 -0700 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0) Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" It was brought to my attention that the [Model Spec] keyword does not specify whether the subparameters are required or not. The question is, can we use some of them but not others, or once the keyword is specified, do all of the subparameters have to be present? Arpad ========================================================================= -----Original Message----- From: Bob Ross [mailto:bob_ross@mentorg.com] Sent: Tuesday, August 03, 1999 10:58 AM To: ibis@eda.org Cc: bob_ross@mentorg.com Subject: IBIS BIRD59 MODEL SPEC DIAGRAMS To IBIS Committee: BIRD59 documents the intended diagrams to be included in IBIS Version 3.2 in response to editorial letter ballot comments on SP-4557 for more clarification. Please review these for discussion at the Friday August 6, 1999 IBIS Meeting. Bob Ross Mentor Graphics **************************************************************************** ** **************************************************************************** ** BIRD ID#: 59 ISSUE TITLE: Model Spec Diagrams REQUESTER: Bob Ross, Mentor Graphics DATE SUBMITTED: August, 1999 DATE ACCEPTED BY IBIS OPEN FORUM: Pending **************************************************************************** ** **************************************************************************** ** STATEMENT OF THE ISSUE: The need to illustrate some [Model Spec] subparameters was raised in letter ballot responses to SP-4557. **************************************************************************** ** STATEMENT OF THE RESOLVED SPECIFICATIONS: The [Model Spec] keyword is presented with added diagrams. Also the |* adds a clarifying remark concerning the static overshoot definition. Replace the existing [Model Spec] keyword with the text below: |=========================================================================== == | Keyword: [Model Spec] | Required: No | Sub-Params: Vinh, Vinl, Vinh+, Vinh-, Vinl+, Vinl-, S_overshoot_high, | S_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_high, D_overshoot_low, | D_overshoot_time, Pulse_high, Pulse_low, Pulse_time, Vmeas | Description: The [Model Spec] keyword defines four columns under which | specification subparameters are defined. | | The following subparameters are defined: | Vinh Input voltage threshold high | Vinl Input voltage threshold low | Vinh+ Hysteresis threshold high max Vt+ | Vinh- Hysteresis threshold high min Vt+ | Vinl+ Hysteresis threshold low max Vt- | Vinl- Hysteresis threshold low min Vt- | S_overshoot_high Static overshoot high voltage | S_overshoot_low Static overshoot low voltage | D_overshoot_high Dynamic overshoot high voltage | D_overshoot_low Dynamic overshoot low voltage | D_overshoot_time Dynamic overshoot time | Pulse_high Pulse immunity high voltage | Pulse_low Pulse immunity low voltage | Pulse_time Pulse immunity time | Vmeas Measurement voltage for timing measurements | | Usage Rules: [Model Spec] must follow all other subparameters under the | [Model] keyword. | | For each subparameter contained in the first column, the | remaining three hold its typical, minimum and maximum values. | The entries of typical, minimum and maximum must be placed on | a single line and must be separated by at least one white | space or tab character. All four columns are required under | the [Model Spec] keyword. However, data is required only in | the typical column. If minimum and/or maximum values are not | available, the reserved word "NA" must be used indicating the | typical value by default. | | The minimum and maximum values are used for specifications | subparameter values that may track the min and max operation | conditions of the [Model]. Usually it is related to the | Voltage Range settings. | | Unless noted below, each subparameter does not require having | any other subparameter. | | Vinh, Vinl rules: | | The threshold subparameter lines provide additional min and | max column values, if needed. The typ column values are still | required and would be expected to override the Vinh and Vinl | subparameter values specified elsewhere. Note: the syntax | rule that require inserting Vinh and Vinl under models remains | unchanged even if the values are defined under the [Model | Spec] keyword. | | To mimic a hysteresis effect, the values of Vinh and Vinl may | be interchanged such that the Vinl value is larger than the | Vinh value. However, simulators may process this information | differently or report an error. | | Vinh+, Vinh-, Vinl+, Vinl- rules: | | The four hysteresis subparmeters must all be defined before | the hysteresis threshold rules become effective. Otherwise | the standard threshold subparameters remain in effect. The | hysteresis thresholds shall be at the Vinh+ and Vinh- values | for a low-to-high transition, and at the Vinl+ and Vinl- | values for a high-to-low transition. | | | | | Receiver Voltage with Hysteresis Thresholds | | | | | | oo o | | o oo ooooooooo | | o o | Vinh+ | - - - - - - - - - x o | Vinh- | - - - - - - - - x o | | o o | | o o | | o o | Vinl+ | - - - - - - o - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - x | Vinl- | - - - - - - o - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - x | | o o | | o o | |oooooo-----------------------------------------------------oooooooo | | Time --> | | S_overshoot_high, S_overshoot_low rules: | | The static overshoot subparameters provide the voltage values | for which the model is no longer guaranteed to function |* correctly. Typically these are voltages which would cause |* the physical component to be destroyed. | | D_overshoot_high, D_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_time rules: | | The dynamic overshoot values provide a time window during | which the overshoot may exceed the static overshoot limits | but be below the dynamic overshoot limits. D_overshoot_time | is required for dynamic overshoot testing. In addition, if | D_overshoot_high is specified, then S_overshoot_high is | necessary for testing beyond the static limit. Similarly, if | D_overshoot_low is specified, then S_overshoot_low is | necessary for testing beyond the static limit. | | | | | Receiver Voltage with Static and Dynamic Overshoot Limits | | | | | | D_overshoot_time ->| |<- | | | | | D_overshoot_high - - - - - - -+ - - -+ | | | oo | Passes - Does Not Exceed Bounds | | |o o | | S_overshoot_high - - - - - - -x o +- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - | | o o ooooooooo | | o o o | | o o | | o o | | o o | | o o | | o o | | o o Fails - | | o o Exceeds Bounds | | o o | | | | | o o V V V | |oooooo-------------------------------------------o---------o---oooo | S_overshoot_low - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - x +x x x - - | | |o x x | | | o o| | D_overshoot_low - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + -x x-+ | | | x | | D_overshoot_time ->| |<- | | Time --> | | Pulse_high, Pulse_low, Pulse_time rules: | | The pulse immunity values provide a time window during which | a rising pulse may exceed the nearest threshold value but | be below the pulse voltage value and still not cause the | input to switch. Pulse_time is required for pulse immunity | testing. A rising response is tested only if Pulse_high is | specified. Similarly, a falling response is tested only if | Pulse_low is specified. The rising response may exceed the | Vinl value, but remain below the Pulse_high value. | | Similarly, the falling response may drop below the Vinh value, | but remain above the Pulse_low value. In either case the | input is regarded as immune to switching if the responses | are within these extended windows. If the hysteresis | thresholds are defined, then the rising response shall use | Vinh- as the reference voltage, and the falling response shall | use Vinl+ as the reference voltage. | | | | | Receiver Voltage with Pulse Immunity Thresholds | | | | | | Switching No Switching | | | | | | | oo o | Switching | | | o oo ooooooooo | | | | | o o | | | | V o o V oooV | Vinh - - - - - - - - - - x - - - - - - - - - - - - - x o + -x | | Pulse_time ->| o |<- |ooo | o | Pulse_high - - - - - + o - + Pulse_low - + - - + o | | |o | Pulse_time ->| |<- o | Vinl - - - - - - - - x + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - x | | o o | | o o | | o o | |oooooo------------------------------------------------------------o | | Time --> | | Vmeas rules: | | The Vmeas values under the [Model Spec] keyword override the | Vmeas entry elsewhere. |--------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- [Model Spec] | Subparameter typ min max | | Thresholds | Vinh 3.5 3.15 3.85 | 70% of Vcc Vinl 1.5 1.35 1.65 | 30% of Vcc | | Vinh 3.835 3.335 4.335 | Offset from Vcc | Vinl 3.525 3.025 4.025 | for PECL | | Hysteresis | Vinh+ 2.0 NA NA | Overrides the Vinh- 1.6 NA NA | thresholds Vinl+ 1.1 NA NA Vinl- 0.6 NA NA | All 4 are required | | Overshoot | S_overshoot_high 5.5 5.0 6.0 | Static overshoot S_overshoot_low -0.5 NA NA D_overshoot_high 6.0 5.5 6.5 | Dynamic overshoot D_overshoot_low -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 | requires | | D_overshoot_time D_overshoot_time 20n 20n 20n | & static overshoot | | Pulse Immunity | Pulse_high 3V NA NA | Pulse immunity Pulse_low 0 NA NA | requires Pulse_time 3n NA NA | Pulse_time | | Timing Thresholds | Vmeas 3.68 3.18 4.68 | A 5 volt PECL | | example | |=========================================================================== == **************************************************************************** ** ANALYSIS PATH/DATA THAT LED TO SPECIFICATION: Diagrams are added to clarify meanings and also to illustrate switching points for the Vinl-, Vinl+, Vinh-, and Vinh+ hysteresis subparameters and for the pulse immunity subparameters Pulse_high, Pulse_low, and Pulse_time. Diagrams also show regions where the receiver waveform passes and fails the overshoot constraints based on S_overshoot_high, S_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_high, D_overshoot_low, and D_overshoot_time subparameters. A short explaination is added for the static overshoot parameters to respond to Intel's comment below. **************************************************************************** ** ANY OTHER BACKGROUND INFORMATION: This is in response to two letter ballot comments submitted in June, 1999 on SP-4557 for EIA ratification of Version 3.2 from Cisco Systems and Intel. The comments are shown below: Cisco Systems Comment 1 was: Cisco Systems: 1 Editorial Reference: Page 24 Suggested Change: Add a hysteresis diagram showing all the sub-parameters. Rationale: Would clarifiy usage of Vinh+, Vinh-, Vinl+, Vinl-, S_overshoot_high, S_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_high, D_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_time, Pulse_high, Pulse_low, Pulse_time. Intel: 7 Editorial Reference: Page 24 Suggested Change: the whole discussion on dynamic and static overshoot is confusing. I can't figure out if static or dynamic overshoot implies an absolute maximum rating or device destruction or what. Not sure how to fix, but this does need to be clarified. **************************************************************************** ** From owner-ibis Tue Aug 3 15:54:17 1999 Received: from ckpnt01.intergraph.com (ckpnt01.intergraph.com [205.139.151.254]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with SMTP id PAA00451 for ; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 15:54:16 -0700 (PDT) Received: from hq14.pcmail.ingr.com by ckpnt01.intergraph.com via smtpd (for server.eda.org [171.64.101.101]) with SMTP; 3 Aug 1999 22:47:59 UT Received: by HQ14 with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0) id ; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 17:48:00 -0500 Message-ID: <7D1F1CEAECA8D2118013080009B0253401C8CDCB@HQ1> From: "Dodd, Ian" To: ibis@eda.org Cc: "Philatov, Nicolai" Subject: Question about IBIS 3.2 EBD specification Date: Tue, 3 Aug 1999 17:47:56 -0500 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0) Hi, We have a number of questions regarding the EBD section of the IBIS 3.2 specification. 1. How does one create an EDB [Pin List] for a layout that has multiple connectors? The example in the specification seems to assume a single connector: [Pin List] signal_name A1 GND A2 data1 e.t.c. It seems to us, that it would be logical to extend this to multiple connectors: Pin List] signal_name J1.A1 GND J1.A2 data1 e.t.c. J2.B1 data33 J2.B2 data34 e.t.c. The problem here is that there is an 8 character limitation on the pin name, which would include the layout reference designator, the separator and the layout pin name, which together would make up the EDB pin name. 2. In order to simulate a signal net, the tool needs to go into the IBIS model and get the supply/reference pins. It then needs to find which connector pin is wired to those pins. (to figure out what supply voltages are being used) If the EDB layout has supply traces, I would expect this connectivity to be shown in the Path Description section, however what is done to show connectivity through a plane? Does the plane need to have an entry in the connectivity section (possibly with dummy zero length sections) ? 3 The EBD connectivity section appears to not allow for the description of traces with loops. If this is true, does this need to be spelled out.? Is the lack of support for traces with loops an issue? (Our PCB CAD system can certainly be forced into creating looped traces - it will warn you but it can be done!) Thanks Ian Dodd > Ian C Dodd > Technical Manager, Signal Integrity Products VeriBest, Inc. Boulder CO USA EMAIL: idodd@veribest.com PHONE: (303) 581-2358 From owner-ibis Tue Aug 3 17:57:07 1999 Received: from jake.hyperlynx.com (root@mail.hyperlynx.com [209.20.148.70]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id RAA00716 for ; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 17:57:05 -0700 (PDT) Received: from Kellee98 ([192.168.148.139]) by jake.hyperlynx.com (8.8.8/8.8.8) with SMTP id QAA29165; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 16:49:59 -0700 Message-Id: <199908032349.QAA29165@jake.hyperlynx.com> X-Sender: kellee@pop.nwlink.com X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.0 Date: Tue, 03 Aug 1999 17:50:21 -0700 To: "Dodd, Ian" , ibis@eda.org From: Kellee Crisafulli Subject: Re: Question about IBIS 3.2 EBD specification Cc: "Philatov, Nicolai" In-Reply-To: <7D1F1CEAECA8D2118013080009B0253401C8CDCB@HQ1> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by server.eda.org id RAA00717 Hi Ian, all, I brought some of these items up previously. 1) .EBD was proposed and selected as a an electrical only specification for use modeling modules with IC's and was specifically set to support a single connector which is all that is needed to model most CPU and memory modules. This is intended to handle a very limited number of cases and only has uncoupled models. The committee at the time stated that physical PCB files should be used to handle the more complex cases. So to answer your first question unless someone else knows better I don't believe you can have more than one connector. I agree multiple connectors seems a logical extension. Other background: Originally I wanted to create a more flexible PCB like specification we could use. This would address most of the issues you mentioned about planes etc. I proposed a simple one that was narrowly voted down. The EDIF specification was endorsed instead and we asked the EDIF group to add a few IBIS keywords which I believe they did. The problem with EDIF is it is still not a universal standard that comes with all PCB tools (EDIF writer is not a standard output from all the PCB tools and it is very complex to implement). 3) I asked the same question on loops about 6 months ago and the resolution as I recall was that a zero ohm resistor could be used if needed to jump it back in a loop condition. best wishes... Kellee At 05:47 PM 8/3/99 -0500, Dodd, Ian wrote: >Hi, > >We have a number of questions regarding the EBD section of the IBIS 3.2 >specification. > >1. How does one create an EDB [Pin List] for a layout that has multiple >connectors? > >The example in the specification seems to assume a single connector: > >[Pin List] signal_name >A1 GND >A2 data1 >e.t.c. > >It seems to us, that it would be logical to extend this to multiple >connectors: > >Pin List] signal_name >J1.A1 GND >J1.A2 data1 >e.t.c. > >J2.B1 data33 >J2.B2 data34 >e.t.c. > >The problem here is that there is an 8 character limitation on the pin name, >which >would include the layout reference designator, the separator and the layout >pin name, >which together would make up the EDB pin name. > >2. In order to simulate a signal net, the tool needs to go into the IBIS >model and get the >supply/reference pins. It then needs to find which connector pin is wired to >those pins. >(to figure out what supply voltages are being used) >If the EDB layout has supply traces, I would expect this connectivity to be >shown in >the Path Description section, however what is done to show connectivity >through a >plane? Does the plane need to have an entry in the connectivity section >(possibly with >dummy zero length sections) ? > >3 The EBD connectivity section appears to not allow for the description of >traces with loops. >If this is true, does this need to be spelled out.? Is the lack of support >for traces with loops >an issue? (Our PCB CAD system can certainly be forced into creating looped >traces - it will >warn you but it can be done!) > > Thanks > Ian Dodd > > >> Ian C Dodd >> Technical Manager, Signal Integrity Products >VeriBest, Inc. Boulder CO USA >EMAIL: idodd@veribest.com >PHONE: (303) 581-2358 > > > > > > > > --------------------------------------------------------- Have a great day.... Kellee Crisafulli HyperLynx, a division of Pads Software Inc. SI,EMC,X-talk and IBIS tools for the Windows platform E-mail: web:   --------------------------------------------------------- From owner-ibis Tue Aug 3 20:19:29 1999 Received: from mailgate.cadence.com (mailgate.Cadence.COM [158.140.2.1]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id UAA01038 for ; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 20:19:28 -0700 (PDT) Received: (from smap@localhost) by mailgate.cadence.com (8.8.5/8.6.8) id UAA29270 for ; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 20:13:11 -0700 (PDT) Received: from corona.Cadence.COM(158.140.127.12) by mailgate.cadence.com via smap (mjr-v1.2) id xma933736388.029219; Tue, 3 Aug 99 20:13:08 -0700 Received: (from ads@localhost) by corona.cadence.com (8.8.5/8.8.5) id IAA22698 for ibis@eda.org; Wed, 4 Aug 1999 08:44:02 +0531 (IST) Date: Wed, 4 Aug 1999 08:44:02 +0531 (IST) From: "A. D. Shripadaraj" Message-Id: <199908040313.IAA22698@corona.cadence.com> To: ibis@eda.org Subject: Buffer delay? X-Sun-Charset: US-ASCII Hi IBIS Gurus, Why IBIS doesnot conatain the data for buffer delay? - Shripad From owner-ibis Tue Aug 3 20:41:17 1999 Received: from rgate.ricochet.net (rgate1.ricochet.net [204.179.143.6]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id UAA01075 for ; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 20:41:17 -0700 (PDT) Received: from hyperstar (mg-206253200-52.ricochet.net [206.253.200.52]) by rgate.ricochet.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id WAA20048; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 22:34:54 -0500 (CDT) Message-Id: <199908040334.WAA20048@rgate.ricochet.net> X-Sender: kellee@pop.nwlink.com X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.0 Date: Tue, 03 Aug 1999 20:28:51 -0700 To: "A. D. Shripadaraj" , ibis@eda.org From: Kellee Crisafulli Subject: Re: Buffer delay? In-Reply-To: <199908040313.IAA22698@corona.cadence.com> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Hi Shripad, IBIS was created to specify the input and output buffer analog characteristics without including internal gates and flip-flops. It was extended in Version 2.1 to allow the analog characteristics to be used with the digital delay information found in data books or digital simulators. By using an IBIS simulator's delay output together with a digital simulator through SDF files or by using manually computed delays with data book information the total input to output delay in circuit can be computed using IBIS model simulations of the actual circuit loading. To make a long story short. Other formats already specified the internal device delays for digital simulators but there was no format for the description of the device input and output characteristics. It seems simple to include a buffer delay but many devices contain much more complex path's from a given input pin to a given output pin (e.g. a processor chip clock to data valid). best wishes... Kellee At 08:44 AM 8/4/99 +0531, A. D. Shripadaraj wrote: >Hi IBIS Gurus, >Why IBIS doesnot conatain the data for buffer delay? >- Shripad From owner-ibis Tue Aug 3 20:57:41 1999 Received: from mailgate.cadence.com (mailgate.Cadence.COM [158.140.2.1]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id UAA01102 for ; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 20:57:40 -0700 (PDT) Received: (from smap@localhost) by mailgate.cadence.com (8.8.5/8.6.8) id UAA16182; Tue, 3 Aug 1999 20:51:20 -0700 (PDT) Received: from corona.Cadence.COM(158.140.127.12) by mailgate.cadence.com via smap (mjr-v1.2) id xma933738677.016126; Tue, 3 Aug 99 20:51:18 -0700 Received: (from ads@localhost) by corona.cadence.com (8.8.5/8.8.5) id JAA22731; Wed, 4 Aug 1999 09:22:10 +0531 (IST) Date: Wed, 4 Aug 1999 09:22:10 +0531 (IST) From: "A. D. Shripadaraj" Message-Id: <199908040351.JAA22731@corona.cadence.com> To: ibis@eda.org, kellee@hyperlynx.com Subject: Re: Buffer delay? X-Sun-Charset: US-ASCII Thanks Kelly for the explaination. The doubt came to mind while going through IBIS spec which talks of fixtures for measuring buffer delay. Is it just a data passed to IBIS (SI) simulators to work on ? Regards Shripad ----- Begin Included Message ----- From owner-ibis@server.eda.org Wed Aug 4 09:07 IST 1999 X-Sender: kellee@pop.nwlink.com Date: Tue, 03 Aug 1999 20:28:51 -0700 To: "A. D. Shripadaraj" , ibis@eda.org From: Kellee Crisafulli Subject: Re: Buffer delay? Mime-Version: 1.0 Hi Shripad, IBIS was created to specify the input and output buffer analog characteristics without including internal gates and flip-flops. It was extended in Version 2.1 to allow the analog characteristics to be used with the digital delay information found in data books or digital simulators. By using an IBIS simulator's delay output together with a digital simulator through SDF files or by using manually computed delays with data book information the total input to output delay in circuit can be computed using IBIS model simulations of the actual circuit loading. To make a long story short. Other formats already specified the internal device delays for digital simulators but there was no format for the description of the device input and output characteristics. It seems simple to include a buffer delay but many devices contain much more complex path's from a given input pin to a given output pin (e.g. a processor chip clock to data valid). best wishes... Kellee At 08:44 AM 8/4/99 +0531, A. D. Shripadaraj wrote: >Hi IBIS Gurus, >Why IBIS doesnot conatain the data for buffer delay? >- Shripad ----- End Included Message ----- From owner-ibis Wed Aug 4 07:28:06 1999 Received: from mail-gw6.pacbell.net (mail-gw6.pacbell.net [206.13.28.41]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id HAA04445 for ; Wed, 4 Aug 1999 07:28:06 -0700 (PDT) From: jonp@pacbell.net Received: from postoffice.pacbell.net (ppp-209-79-182-77.vntrcs.pacbell.net [209.79.182.77]) by mail-gw6.pacbell.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id HAA13348; Wed, 4 Aug 1999 07:21:43 -0700 (PDT) Message-ID: <37A84CB9.A6AFED17@postoffice.pacbell.net> Date: Wed, 04 Aug 1999 07:22:49 -0700 Reply-To: jonp@pacbell.net X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.05 [en]C-PBI-NC404 (Win95; U) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: "A. D. Shripadaraj" , "ibis@vhdl.org" Subject: Re: Buffer delay? References: <199908040351.JAA22731@corona.cadence.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit The fixture information in IBIS is for reproducing the part of the internal part delay that is associated with driving a measurement load. If this Tvm cannot be accounted for it can result in double counting of delay by Timing verification software. Jon From owner-ibis Wed Aug 4 16:34:14 1999 Received: from relay1.wv.mentorg.com (relay1.mentorg.com [192.94.38.42]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id QAA05724 for ; Wed, 4 Aug 1999 16:34:13 -0700 (PDT) Received: from em-wv03.wv.mentorg.com by relay1.wv.mentorg.com (8.8.8/CF5.40F) id QAA00381; Wed, 4 Aug 1999 16:27:25 -0700 (PDT) Received: from mentor.com by em-wv03.wv.mentorg.com (8.8.8/CF5.40R) id QAA11885; Wed, 4 Aug 1999 16:27:23 -0700 (PDT) Sender: bob_ross@mentorg.com Message-ID: <37A8CC5C.B7EE6545@mentor.com> Date: Wed, 04 Aug 1999 16:27:24 -0700 From: Bob Ross X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.05 [en] (X11; I; SunOS 5.5.1 sun4u) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: "Muranyi, Arpad" , ibis@eda.org Subject: Re: IBIS BIRD59 MODEL SPEC DIAGRAMS References: <4575832C8E71D111AC4100A0C96B512704A79852@fmsmsx36.fm.intel.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Arpad: None of the subparameters are required. There is a statement "Unless noted below, each subparameter does not require having any other subparameter." Each group of subparameters may have some interactive requirements, and these are documented. Also these interactions are checked by ibischk3. Bob Ross Mentor Graphics Muranyi, Arpad wrote: > > It was brought to my attention that the [Model Spec] keyword does not > specify whether the subparameters are required or not. The question is, > can we use some of them but not others, or once the keyword is specified, > do all of the subparameters have to be present? > > Arpad From owner-ibis Wed Aug 4 18:42:22 1999 Received: from relay1.wv.mentorg.com (relay1.mentorg.com [192.94.38.42]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id SAA06038 for ; Wed, 4 Aug 1999 18:42:21 -0700 (PDT) Received: from em-wv03.wv.mentorg.com by relay1.wv.mentorg.com (8.8.8/CF5.40F) id SAA09114; Wed, 4 Aug 1999 18:35:32 -0700 (PDT) Received: from mentor.com by em-wv03.wv.mentorg.com (8.8.8/CF5.40R) id SAA27061; Wed, 4 Aug 1999 18:35:31 -0700 (PDT) Sender: bob_ross@mentorg.com Message-ID: <37A8EA63.8893AB5@mentor.com> Date: Wed, 04 Aug 1999 18:35:31 -0700 From: Bob Ross X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.05 [en] (X11; I; SunOS 5.5.1 sun4u) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: ibis@eda.org Subject: IBIS BIRD60 - Electrical Board Description Diagrams Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit To IBIS Committee: BIRD60 documents the intended diagrams to be included in IBIS Version 3.2 in response to an editorial letter ballot comment on SP-4557 regarding the Electrical Board Description examples. Please review these for discussion at the Friday August 6, 1999 IBIS Meeting. Bob Ross Mentor Graphics ****************************************************************************** ****************************************************************************** BIRD ID#: 60 ISSUE TITLE: Electrical Board Description Diagrams REQUESTER: Bob Ross, Mentor Graphics DATE SUBMITTED: August 4, 1999 DATE ACCEPTED BY IBIS OPEN FORUM: Pending ****************************************************************************** ****************************************************************************** STATEMENT OF THE ISSUE: The need to illustrate the Electrical Board Description examples was raised in letter ballot responses to SP-4557. ****************************************************************************** STATEMENT OF THE RESOLVED SPECIFICATIONS: The [Path Description] keyword example is presented with added diagrams. In the second example U23.15 is changed to U23.16. Replace the existing example section with the revised example below: |----------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | An Example Path For a SIMM Module: | [Path Description] CAS_2 Pin J25 Len = 0.5 L=8.35n C=3.34p R=0.01 / Node u21.15 Len = 0.5 L=8.35n C=3.34p R=0.01 / Node u22.15 Len = 0.5 L=8.35n C=3.34p R=0.01 / Node u23.15 | | +------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | _______ _______ _______ | J25 <---------O_______O---+---O_______O---+---O_______O---+ | | Len=0.5 | Len=0.5 | Len=0.5 | | | | | | | | +--+--+ +--+--+ +--+--+ | | |Pin15| |Pin15| |Pin15| | | | | | | | | | | | U21 | | U22 | | U23 | | | | | | | | | | | | | A Description Using The Fork and Endfork Subparameters: | [Path Description] PassThru1 Pin B5 Len = 0 L=2.0n / Len = 2.1 L=6.0n C=2.0p / Fork Len = 1.0 L = 1.0n C= 2.0p / Node u23.16 Endfork Len = 1.0 L = 6.0n C=2.0p / Pin A5 | | +------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | ______________ | A5 <----------------O______________O-------------+ | | Len=1.0 | | | | | | _____________________________ | | B5 <---@@@@@---O_____________________________O---+ | | 2 nH Len=2.1 | | | | | | ______________ | | | +---O______________O---+ | | | Len=1.0 | | | | | +--+--+ | | |Pin16| | | | | | | | U23 | | | | | | | | | A Description Including a Discrete Series Element: | [Path Description] sig1 Pin B27 Len = 0 L=1.6n / Len = 1.5 L=6.0n C=2.0p / Node R2.1 Node R2.2 Len = 0.25 L=6.0n C=2.0p / Node U25.6 | | +------------------------------------------------------------- | | | | +----------+ | | __________________ |Pin Pin| ___ | B27 <---@@@@@---O__________________O---+ 1 2 +---O___O---+ | | 1.6 nH Len=1.5 | R2 | Len=0.25 | | | +----------+ | | | +--+--+ | | |Pin 6| | | | | | | | U25 | | | | | | | | |============================================================================= ****************************************************************************** ANALYSIS PATH/DATA THAT LED TO SPECIFICATION: Diagrams are added to clarify meanings the topologies that are represented in the examples associated with the [Path Description] keyword of the EBD. A duplicate pin number is corrected that could lead to a misinterpretation. Two different paths were connected to U23.15. The second path was changed so that it connected to U23.16. If this were not corrected the set of examples might imply a contination of the path, if they were to have been for the same board. ****************************************************************************** ANY OTHER BACKGROUND INFORMATION: This is in response a letter ballot comment submitted in June, 1999 on SP-4557 for EIA ratification of Version 3.2 by Cisco Systems: Cisco Systems: 4 Editorial Reference: Page 69 Suggested Change: Need a diagram clarification of parameters used. ****************************************************************************** From owner-ibis Fri Aug 6 10:54:23 1999 Received: from oliver.al.dynip.com (al@209-63-189-33.sea.jps.net [209.63.189.33]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id KAA15464 for ; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 10:54:21 -0700 (PDT) Received: from localhost (localhost [[UNIX: localhost]]) by oliver.al.dynip.com (8.9.3/8.8.7) id KAA13049 for ibis@eda.org; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 10:13:12 -0700 From: Al Davis To: ibis@eda.org Subject: Re: IBIS BIRD59 MODEL SPEC DIAGRAMS Date: Fri, 6 Aug 1999 10:12:14 -0700 X-Mailer: KMail [version 1.0.20] Content-Type: text/plain MIME-Version: 1.0 Message-Id: <99080610131200.10695@oliver.al.dynip.com> Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit I still find the descriptions to be confusing. The [Model Spec] group seems to have the purpose of describing how the analog representation of a waveform is interpreted as digital, evaluating its logic state and quality. My original interpretation of the old (pre model spec) Vinl and Vinh is as follows: The logic value switches from a "logic low" to a "logic high" when a rising signal crosses through Vinh. It switches from "logic high" to "logic low" when a falling signal crosses through Vinl. In a static sense, a voltage below Vinl indicates a "logic low" state, above Vinh indicates a "logic high" state, and between is unknown, in transition. On further reading, I believe this may not be the proper interpretation. Other parts of the spec lead me to believe that the intended interpretation is: The logic value switches from a "logic low" to a "logic high" when a rising signal crosses through Vinl. It switches from "logic high" to "logic low" when a falling signal crosses through Vinh. Note interchange of Vinl and Vinh, compared to above. This seems illogical to me, but clarifies (sort of) some of the other parameters, and fits with the note on how to "mimic a hysteresis effect" using only Vinl and Vinh. Another interpretation could be: The logic value switches from a logic low to "rising" when a rising signal crosses through Vinl, then finally switches to logic high on crossing Vinh. It switches from logic high to "falling" when a falling signal crosses through Vinh, then switched to "logic low" on crossing Vinl. This adds the notion of an in-transition state, when the logic state is neither high nor low, and possibly creates a use for the new hysteresis parameters. The composite (with the new hysteresis parameters) could be interpreted as ...... The logic value switches from a "logic low" to "rising" when a rising signal crosses through Vinl Now, add "[Model Spec]" .... It, too, has a Vinh and Vinl, this time with a min and max. I wonder why it is necessary to have it twice. Why not just add optional min and max fields to the original? or move the existing parameters to be under ModelSpec, for consistency? The same applies to Vmeas. It is still not clear what the hysteresis parameters do. It appears to me that hysteresis can be adequately described without the new parameters. What actually happens at Vinh+, Vinh- ? How does this + and - differ from the min and max columns? This is still not clear. -------------------- On the "overshoot" parameters ...... Add: The purpose of the "overshoot" and "pulse" groups of parameters is to determine the quality of an incoming signal. A signal is considered to be "bad quality" if: 1. V ever exceeds D_overshoot_high 2. V ever drops below D_overshoot_low 3. V exceeds S_overshoot_high longer than D_overshoot_time 4. V drops below S_overshoot_low longer than D_overshoot_time -------------- the "pulse" parameters .... The wording is still unclear. The words and picture conflict with each other, probably because of the confused interpretation of Vinh and Vinl. From owner-ibis Fri Aug 6 16:01:41 1999 Received: from relay1.wv.mentorg.com (relay1.mentorg.com [192.94.38.42]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id QAA16102 for ; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 16:01:40 -0700 (PDT) Received: from em-wv03.wv.mentorg.com by relay1.wv.mentorg.com (8.8.8/CF5.40F) id PAA16670; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 15:54:51 -0700 (PDT) Received: from mentor.com by em-wv03.wv.mentorg.com (8.8.8/CF5.40R) id PAA10442; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 15:54:50 -0700 (PDT) Sender: bob_ross@mentorg.com Message-ID: <37AB67BA.66A3FB18@mentor.com> Date: Fri, 06 Aug 1999 15:54:50 -0700 From: Bob Ross X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.05 [en] (X11; I; SunOS 5.5.1 sun4u) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Al Davis , ibis@eda.org Subject: Re: IBIS BIRD59 MODEL SPEC DIAGRAMS References: <99080610131200.10695@oliver.al.dynip.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Al: Thank you for your comments. I considered them while preparing BIRD59.1 along with other input discussed at the IBIS Open Forum meeting today (August 6, 1999). BIRD59.1 should follow shortly. The main addition is to add some minor detail concerning switching regions on the hystersis diagram. I have inserted some comments in your text below since I believe that your interpretation of Vinh and Vinl is not the one that has been used in industry since IBIS Version 1.1 issued in 1993. Best Regards, Bob Ross Mentor Graphics Al Davis wrote: > > I still find the descriptions to be confusing. > > The [Model Spec] group seems to have the purpose of describing how the > analog representation of a waveform is interpreted as digital, > evaluating its logic state and quality. > > My original interpretation of the old (pre model spec) Vinl and Vinh > is as follows: > > The logic value switches from a "logic low" to a "logic high" when a > rising signal crosses through Vinh. It switches from "logic high" to > "logic low" when a falling signal crosses through Vinl. > > In a static sense, a voltage below Vinl indicates a "logic low" state, > above Vinh indicates a "logic high" state, and between is unknown, in > transition. > This is too restrictive. Vinl and Vinh values are "specification" values showing the range in which the rising waveform edge can switch. The same range is used for the falling edge. For example, a common specification is Vinl = 0.8 and Vinh = 2.0. The actual device switching region may be around 1.3 to 1.5 Volts. However, due to temperature, process variations, voltage variations, receiver risetime, etc. (and conservative specification), the actual switching may float up and down within the 0.8 to 2.0 Voltage band. So, for a rising edge, the input may switch as early as 0.8 Volts and as late as 2.0 Volts. Similarly for the falling edge. This has been used for years for analyzing corner cases for slowest and fastest cases. > On further reading, I believe this may not be the proper > interpretation. > > Other parts of the spec lead me to believe that the intended > interpretation is: > > The logic value switches from a "logic low" to a "logic high" when a > rising signal crosses through Vinl. It switches from "logic high" to > "logic low" when a falling signal crosses through Vinh. > > Note interchange of Vinl and Vinh, compared to above. This seems > illogical to me, but clarifies (sort of) some of the other > parameters, and fits with the note on how to "mimic a hysteresis > effect" using only Vinl and Vinh. > Again, this interpretation is too restrictive. The Vinl and Vinh values bound the allowable swithing region of BOTH the rising and falling edges. The actual switching point will normally occur somewhere in between these specification limits. > Another interpretation could be: > > The logic value switches from a logic low to "rising" when a > rising signal crosses through Vinl, then finally switches to logic > high on crossing Vinh. It switches from logic high to "falling" when > a falling signal crosses through Vinh, then switched to "logic low" on > crossing Vinl. > > This adds the notion of an in-transition state, when the logic state > is neither high nor low, and possibly creates a use for the new > hysteresis parameters. > > The composite (with the new hysteresis parameters) could be > interpreted as ...... > > The logic value switches from a "logic low" to "rising" when a rising > signal crosses through Vinl > You are on the right track related to a proposed extension to IBIS for Version 4.0. The details of the actual signal transition at the input are now becoming important factors in characterizing Tco (clock to output delays) and other characteristics. However, the Vinl and Vinh values themselves do not define how an input starts and ends the transistion. As stated before, it defines the endpoints in which a much narrower (in most cases) switching band can be positioned. > Now, add "[Model Spec]" .... > > It, too, has a Vinh and Vinl, this time with a min and max. I wonder > why it is necessary to have it twice. Why not just add optional min > and max fields to the original? or move the existing parameters to be > under ModelSpec, for consistency? The same applies to Vmeas. > No change will be made for the above reasons that revise your interpretation. The min and max column already within the [Model Spec] keyword already give a way of producing a much narrower band (if known) based on Voltage, Temperature, and Process variation extremes for the defined corners. > It is still not clear what the hysteresis parameters do. It appears > to me that hysteresis can be adequately described without the new > parameters. What actually happens at Vinh+, Vinh- ? How does this + > and - differ from the min and max columns? This is still not clear. > In response to this and other comments, I will add some detail to the diagram to highlight the switching regions. I also refer to this as a Schmitt trigger input. Its operation is commonly known in industry and often referenced in data sheets for ASIC buffers. > -------------------- > > On the "overshoot" parameters ...... > > Add: > > The purpose of the "overshoot" and "pulse" groups of parameters is to > determine the quality of an incoming signal. > > A signal is considered to be "bad quality" if: > > 1. V ever exceeds D_overshoot_high > 2. V ever drops below D_overshoot_low > 3. V exceeds S_overshoot_high longer than D_overshoot_time > 4. V drops below S_overshoot_low longer than D_overshoot_time > While more can be stated in the Specification regarding overshoot and pulse immunity subparameters, their intent is not exactly as you have stated. So this text is not entered. They are not used for "quality", but rather for additional specification detail. Overshoots are given regarding physical devices limits for voltage levels which would destroy (of effectively destroy the device by changing its characteristics). These are typically above and below the voltage rails. The dynamic overshoot gives an allowable extension window which for a short period of time allows greater overshoot voltages. This is not perfect. The simulator then can choose to test against RULES regarding these limits. This is often a pass or fail test based on these "specification" limits (or on alternative levels against which to test that the user might insert into the IBIS model). I believe this is becomes a more serious issue when the physical device does not have clamping to a particular voltage rail at that pin. > -------------- > > the "pulse" parameters .... > > The wording is still unclear. The words and picture conflict with > each other, probably because of the confused interpretation of Vinh > and Vinl. While not perfect I hope the diagram gives some help when considering Vinh and Vinl as a specification band limit and considering that pulse immunity parameters give a method to exceed that limit for a short period of time. From owner-ibis Fri Aug 6 16:31:27 1999 Received: from relay1.wv.mentorg.com (relay1.mentorg.com [192.94.38.42]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id QAA16148 for ; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 16:31:26 -0700 (PDT) Received: from em-wv03.wv.mentorg.com by relay1.wv.mentorg.com (8.8.8/CF5.40F) id QAA18442; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 16:24:37 -0700 (PDT) Received: from mentor.com by em-wv03.wv.mentorg.com (8.8.8/CF5.40R) id QAA16680; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 16:24:35 -0700 (PDT) Sender: bob_ross@mentorg.com Message-ID: <37AB6EB3.7E7B2D0A@mentor.com> Date: Fri, 06 Aug 1999 16:24:35 -0700 From: Bob Ross X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.05 [en] (X11; I; SunOS 5.5.1 sun4u) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: ibis@eda.org Subject: IBIS BIRD59.1 - Model Spec Diagrams Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit To IBIS Committee: BIRD59.1 is issued in response to comments at the August 6, 1999 IBIS meeting and other minor editorial corrections and clarifications. The purpose of BIRD59.1 remains to document and agree upon the exact editorial change we plan to make to IBIS Verions 3.2 in response to the letter ballot comments on SP-4557. Changes based on other comments received after the meeting are also implemented. Thank you for your comments. Refer to |* lines and embedded comments for changes. Please review BIRD59.1 and provide any additional comments. We plan to vote on BIRD59.1 (or as amended) at the next IBIS Meeting scheduled on Friday, August 20, 1999. Bob Ross Mentor Graphics ****************************************************************************** ****************************************************************************** BIRD ID#: 59.1 ISSUE TITLE: Model Spec Diagrams REQUESTER: Bob Ross, Mentor Graphics DATE SUBMITTED: August 3, 1999, August 6, 1999 DATE ACCEPTED BY IBIS OPEN FORUM: Pending ****************************************************************************** ****************************************************************************** STATEMENT OF THE ISSUE: The need to illustrate some [Model Spec] subparameters was raised in letter ballot responses to SP-4557. ****************************************************************************** STATEMENT OF THE RESOLVED SPECIFICATIONS: The [Model Spec] keyword is presented with added diagrams. Added clarifying statement in the text are shown by |* lines. Included is a reference to Schmitt trigger inputs, and static overshoot definition. Replace the existing [Model Spec] keyword with the text below: |============================================================================= | Keyword: [Model Spec] | Required: No | Sub-Params: Vinh, Vinl, Vinh+, Vinh-, Vinl+, Vinl-, S_overshoot_high, | S_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_high, D_overshoot_low, | D_overshoot_time, Pulse_high, Pulse_low, Pulse_time, Vmeas | Description: The [Model Spec] keyword defines four columns under which | specification subparameters are defined. | | The following subparameters are defined: | Vinh Input voltage threshold high | Vinl Input voltage threshold low | Vinh+ Hysteresis threshold high max Vt+ | Vinh- Hysteresis threshold high min Vt+ | Vinl+ Hysteresis threshold low max Vt- | Vinl- Hysteresis threshold low min Vt- | S_overshoot_high Static overshoot high voltage | S_overshoot_low Static overshoot low voltage | D_overshoot_high Dynamic overshoot high voltage | D_overshoot_low Dynamic overshoot low voltage | D_overshoot_time Dynamic overshoot time | Pulse_high Pulse immunity high voltage | Pulse_low Pulse immunity low voltage | Pulse_time Pulse immunity time | Vmeas Measurement voltage for timing measurements | | Usage Rules: [Model Spec] must follow all other subparameters under the | [Model] keyword. | | For each subparameter contained in the first column, the | remaining three hold its typical, minimum and maximum values. | The entries of typical, minimum and maximum must be placed on | a single line and must be separated by at least one white | space or tab character. All four columns are required under | the [Model Spec] keyword. However, data is required only in | the typical column. If minimum and/or maximum values are not | available, the reserved word "NA" must be used indicating the | typical value by default. | | The minimum and maximum values are used for specifications | subparameter values that may track the min and max operation | conditions of the [Model]. Usually it is related to the | Voltage Range settings. | Remove this statement and replace it with the reworded statement below: | Unless noted below, each subparameter does not require having | any other subparameter. |* Unless noted below, no subparameter requires having present |* any other subparameter. End of rewording change | | Vinh, Vinl rules: | | The threshold subparameter lines provide additional min and | max column values, if needed. The typ column values are still | required and would be expected to override the Vinh and Vinl | subparameter values specified elsewhere. Note: the syntax | rule that require inserting Vinh and Vinl under models remains | unchanged even if the values are defined under the [Model | Spec] keyword. | Remove this paragraph in response to Intel Comment 6 | To mimic a hysteresis effect, the values of Vinh and Vinl may | be interchanged such that the Vinl value is larger than the | Vinh value. However, simulators may process this information | differently or report an error. | End of removed paragraph | Vinh+, Vinh-, Vinl+, Vinl- rules: | |* The four hysteresis subparmeters (used for Schmitt trigger | inputs for defining two thresholds for the rising edges and |* two thresholds for falling edges) must all be defined before |* independent input thresholds for rising and falling edges of | the hysteresis threshold rules become effective. Otherwise | the standard threshold subparameters remain in effect. The | hysteresis thresholds shall be at the Vinh+ and Vinh- values | for a low-to-high transition, and at the Vinl+ and Vinl- | values for a high-to-low transition. | | | | | Receiver Voltage with Hysteresis Thresholds | | | | |* | Rising Edge Falling Edge |* | Switching Region oo o Switching Region |* | | o oo ooooooooo | |* | V o o | |* Vinh+ - - - - - - - - - - x o | |* Vinh- - - - - - - - - - x o | |* | o o | |* | o o | |* | o oV |* Vinl+ | - - - - - - o - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - x |* Vinl- | - - - - - - o - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - x | | o o | | o o | |oooooo-----------------------------------------------------oooooooo | | Time --> | | S_overshoot_high, S_overshoot_low rules: | | The static overshoot subparameters provide the voltage values | for which the model is no longer guaranteed to function |* correctly. Typically these are voltages which would cause |* the physical component to be destroyed. | | D_overshoot_high, D_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_time rules: | | The dynamic overshoot values provide a time window during | which the overshoot may exceed the static overshoot limits | but be below the dynamic overshoot limits. D_overshoot_time | is required for dynamic overshoot testing. In addition, if | D_overshoot_high is specified, then S_overshoot_high is | necessary for testing beyond the static limit. Similarly, if | D_overshoot_low is specified, then S_overshoot_low is | necessary for testing beyond the static limit. | | | | | Receiver Voltage with Static and Dynamic Overshoot Limits | | | | | | D_overshoot_time ->| |<- | | | | | D_overshoot_high - - - - - - -+ - - -+ | | | oo | Passes - Does Not Exceed Bounds | | |o o | | S_overshoot_high - - - - - - -x o +- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - | | o o ooooooooo | | o o o | | o o | | o o | | o o | | o o | | o o | | o o Fails - | | o o Exceeds Bounds | | o o | | | | | o o V V V | |oooooo-------------------------------------------o---------o---oooo | S_overshoot_low - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - x +x x x - - | | |o x x | | | o o| | D_overshoot_low - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + -x x-+ | | | x | | D_overshoot_time ->| |<- | | Time --> | | Pulse_high, Pulse_low, Pulse_time rules: | | The pulse immunity values provide a time window during which | a rising pulse may exceed the nearest threshold value but | be below the pulse voltage value and still not cause the | input to switch. Pulse_time is required for pulse immunity | testing. A rising response is tested only if Pulse_high is | specified. Similarly, a falling response is tested only if | Pulse_low is specified. The rising response may exceed the | Vinl value, but remain below the Pulse_high value. | | Similarly, the falling response may drop below the Vinh value, | but remain above the Pulse_low value. In either case the | input is regarded as immune to switching if the responses | are within these extended windows. If the hysteresis | thresholds are defined, then the rising response shall use | Vinh- as the reference voltage, and the falling response shall | use Vinl+ as the reference voltage. | | | | | Receiver Voltage with Pulse Immunity Thresholds | | | | | | Switching No Switching | | | | | | | oo o | Switching | | | o oo ooooooooo | | | | | o o | | | | V o o V oooV | Vinh - - - - - - - - - - x - - - - - - - - - - - - - x o + -x | | Pulse_time ->| o |<- |ooo | o | Pulse_high - - - - - + o - + Pulse_low - + - - + o | | |o | Pulse_time ->| |<- o | Vinl - - - - - - - - x + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - x | | o o | | o o | | o o | |oooooo------------------------------------------------------------o | | Time --> | | Vmeas rules: | | The Vmeas values under the [Model Spec] keyword override the | Vmeas entry elsewhere. |----------------------------------------------------------------------------- [Model Spec] | Subparameter typ min max | | Thresholds | Vinh 3.5 3.15 3.85 | 70% of Vcc Vinl 1.5 1.35 1.65 | 30% of Vcc | | Vinh 3.835 3.335 4.335 | Offset from Vcc | Vinl 3.525 3.025 4.025 | for PECL | | Hysteresis | Vinh+ 2.0 NA NA | Overrides the Vinh- 1.6 NA NA | thresholds Vinl+ 1.1 NA NA Vinl- 0.6 NA NA | All 4 are required | | Overshoot | S_overshoot_high 5.5 5.0 6.0 | Static overshoot S_overshoot_low -0.5 NA NA D_overshoot_high 6.0 5.5 6.5 | Dynamic overshoot D_overshoot_low -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 | requires | | D_overshoot_time D_overshoot_time 20n 20n 20n | & static overshoot | | Pulse Immunity | Pulse_high 3V NA NA | Pulse immunity Pulse_low 0 NA NA | requires Pulse_time 3n NA NA | Pulse_time | | Timing Thresholds | Vmeas 3.68 3.18 4.68 | A 5 volt PECL | | example | |============================================================================= ****************************************************************************** ANALYSIS PATH/DATA THAT LED TO SPECIFICATION: Diagrams are added to clarify meanings and also to illustrate switching points for the Vinl-, Vinl+, Vinh-, and Vinh+ hysteresis subparameters and for the pulse immunity subparameters Pulse_high, Pulse_low, and Pulse_time. Diagrams also show regions where the receiver waveform passes and fails the overshoot constraints based on S_overshoot_high, S_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_high, D_overshoot_low, and D_overshoot_time subparameters. A short explaination is added for the static overshoot parameters to respond to Intel's comment below. BIRD59.1 is issued in response to comments at the August 6, 1999 IBIS Meetings where BIRD59 was introduced. Also some editorial corrections are made in the diagram for hysteresis thresholds. A clarification statement is made to also refer to the commonly used term in ASIC data books referring to Schmitt trigger input. The alternatives discussed included adding a table, doing another switching diagram, and provide a more comprehensive definition. We opted for a minimal amount of work to avoid getting bogged down in producing a larger statement (with possible errors). Also, as a result of this discussion and a reflector comment on BIRD59, the switching region is added to the hystersis diagram. Also, one paragraph is deleted in response to Intel letter ballot comment 6 for this keyword shown in the Any Other Background Information section below. ****************************************************************************** ANY OTHER BACKGROUND INFORMATION: This is in response to two letter ballot comments submitted in June, 1999 on SP-4557 for EIA ratification of Version 3.2 from Cisco Systems and Intel. The comments are shown below: Cisco Systems Comment 1 was: Cisco Systems: 1 Editorial Reference: Page 24 Suggested Change: Add a hysteresis diagram showing all the sub-parameters. Rationale: Would clarifiy usage of Vinh+, Vinh-, Vinl+, Vinl-, S_overshoot_high, S_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_high, D_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_time, Pulse_high, Pulse_low, Pulse_time. Intel: 7 Editorial Reference: Page 24 Suggested Change: the whole discussion on dynamic and static overshoot is confusing. I can't figure out if static or dynamic overshoot implies an absolute maximum rating or device destruction or what. Not sure how to fix, but this does need to be clarified. Also, another remark was dealt with by deleting one paragraph: Intel: 6 Editorial Reference: Page 23 Suggested Change: Delete paragraph about reversing Vinh, Vinl to mimic hystersis. While this my be true, we have explicit parameters that describe this functionality and we should not document or encourage an alternate method. ****************************************************************************** From owner-ibis Fri Aug 6 16:57:34 1999 Received: from wodc7-1.relay.mail.uu.net (wodc7-1.relay.mail.uu.net [199.171.54.114]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id QAA16170 for ; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 16:57:34 -0700 (PDT) Received: from uucp1.uu.net by wodc7mr0.ffx.ops.us.uu.net with SMTP (peer crosschecked as: uucp1.uu.net [192.48.96.81]) id QQhbdv10119 for ; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 23:51:12 GMT Received: from qdt.UUCP by uucp1.uu.net with UUCP/RMAIL ; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 19:49:53 -0400 Received: from viewlogic.com by qdt.viewlogic.com (4.1/SMI-4.1) id AA15458; Fri, 6 Aug 99 16:53:05 PDT Received: from pc-chrisr by qdt.com (4.1/SMI-4.1) id AA04416; Fri, 6 Aug 99 16:49:37 PDT From: "Chris Rokusek" To: Subject: RE: IBIS BIRD59 MODEL SPEC DIAGRAMS Date: Fri, 6 Aug 1999 16:44:16 -0700 Message-Id: <003e01bee065$985a0e30$aac2b58b@pc-chrisr.camarillo.viewlogic.com> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-Msmail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook 8.5, Build 4.71.2173.0 Importance: Normal In-Reply-To: <99080610131200.10695@oliver.al.dynip.com> X-Mimeole: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3 Al, Just some quick comments, not sure I'm actually answering all/any of your questions... My understanding of Vinl and Vinh is that they are meant to cover process corners of the device. A given device will "switch" when a signal cross some single voltage (ignore slew rate effects for now!!) that lies between Vinl and Vinh. The designer shouldn't really need to care about that exact voltage. Some devices will transition earlier than others even though they have the exact same Vinl, Vinh specification. This variation causes timing delay values to require both a MIN and MAX value (e.g. MIN on a rising edge corresponds to the signal rising above the Vinl and the MAX of this rising edge is when the signal crosses above the Vinh). Now enter hysteresis. When a receiver is said to have hysteresis, that just means that it can adjust both of these thresholds based on its previous logic state--sort of like is has memory. The voltage thresholds can be shifted farther OR closer to the current state's DC level depending on whether the designer wants larger noise (crosstalk, reflection) tolerance (farther), vs. faster delay's (closer). Be aware that there are even more complicated methods of specifying input thresholds using min/max slew rate and voltage thresholds that are not currently covered by IBIS as well. More work for us later on I guess... Hope that helps some! Chris Rokusek Viewlogic Systems > -----Original Message----- > From: Al Davis [mailto:aldavis@ieee.org] > Sent: Friday, August 06, 1999 10:12 AM > To: ibis@eda.org > Subject: Re: IBIS BIRD59 MODEL SPEC DIAGRAMS > > > > I still find the descriptions to be confusing. > > The [Model Spec] group seems to have the purpose of describing how the > analog representation of a waveform is interpreted as digital, > evaluating its logic state and quality. > > My original interpretation of the old (pre model spec) Vinl and Vinh > is as follows: > > The logic value switches from a "logic low" to a "logic high" when a > rising signal crosses through Vinh. It switches from "logic high" to > "logic low" when a falling signal crosses through Vinl. > > In a static sense, a voltage below Vinl indicates a "logic low" state, > above Vinh indicates a "logic high" state, and between is unknown, in > transition. > > On further reading, I believe this may not be the proper > interpretation. > > Other parts of the spec lead me to believe that the intended > interpretation is: > > The logic value switches from a "logic low" to a "logic high" when a > rising signal crosses through Vinl. It switches from "logic high" to > "logic low" when a falling signal crosses through Vinh. > > Note interchange of Vinl and Vinh, compared to above. This seems > illogical to me, but clarifies (sort of) some of the other > parameters, and fits with the note on how to "mimic a hysteresis > effect" using only Vinl and Vinh. > > Another interpretation could be: > > The logic value switches from a logic low to "rising" when a > rising signal crosses through Vinl, then finally switches to logic > high on crossing Vinh. It switches from logic high to "falling" when > a falling signal crosses through Vinh, then switched to "logic low" on > crossing Vinl. > > This adds the notion of an in-transition state, when the logic state > is neither high nor low, and possibly creates a use for the new > hysteresis parameters. > > The composite (with the new hysteresis parameters) could be > interpreted as ...... > > The logic value switches from a "logic low" to "rising" when a rising > signal crosses through Vinl > > > > Now, add "[Model Spec]" .... > > It, too, has a Vinh and Vinl, this time with a min and max. I wonder > why it is necessary to have it twice. Why not just add optional min > and max fields to the original? or move the existing parameters to be > under ModelSpec, for consistency? The same applies to Vmeas. > > It is still not clear what the hysteresis parameters do. It appears > to me that hysteresis can be adequately described without the new > parameters. What actually happens at Vinh+, Vinh- ? How does this + > and - differ from the min and max columns? This is still not clear. > > -------------------- > > On the "overshoot" parameters ...... > > Add: > > The purpose of the "overshoot" and "pulse" groups of parameters is to > determine the quality of an incoming signal. > > A signal is considered to be "bad quality" if: > > 1. V ever exceeds D_overshoot_high > 2. V ever drops below D_overshoot_low > 3. V exceeds S_overshoot_high longer than D_overshoot_time > 4. V drops below S_overshoot_low longer than D_overshoot_time > > -------------- > > the "pulse" parameters .... > > The wording is still unclear. The words and picture conflict with > each other, probably because of the confused interpretation of Vinh > and Vinl. > From owner-ibis Fri Aug 6 20:24:48 1999 Received: from relay1.wv.mentorg.com (relay1.mentorg.com [192.94.38.42]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id UAA16468 for ; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 20:24:47 -0700 (PDT) Received: from em-wv03.wv.mentorg.com by relay1.wv.mentorg.com (8.8.8/CF5.40F) id UAA27295; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 20:17:57 -0700 (PDT) Received: from mentor.com by em-wv03.wv.mentorg.com (8.8.8/CF5.40R) id UAA03642; Fri, 6 Aug 1999 20:17:55 -0700 (PDT) Sender: bob_ross@mentorg.com Message-ID: <37ABA564.F9604BD3@mentor.com> Date: Fri, 06 Aug 1999 20:17:56 -0700 From: Bob Ross X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.05 [en] (X11; I; SunOS 5.5.1 sun4u) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: ibis@eda.org CC: bob_ross@mentorg.com Subject: UPLOADED PENDING EIA-656-A (IBIS VERSION 3.2) Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit To IBIS Committee: As a result of the resolution of letter ballot comments submitted on SP-4557 for formal ratification of IBIS Version 3.2 as EIA-656-A (and also ANSI ratification), the revised DRAFT documents have been prepared and uploaded. These are in the work in progress directory: http://www.eda.org/pub/ibis/wip/ These are presented for review and consideration at the August 20, 1999 IBIS Open Forum Meeting. These also contain some changes based on the expected resolution of BIRD59.1 and BIRD60 which have not yet been approved. Minor editorial corrections and changes are still welcome and will be considered at the IBIS Meeting. The document ver3_2g.ibs documents the changes and where they are located. The document ver3_2.ibs shows how the finished document would appear in text form with the changes implemented. An Adobe formatted ver3_2.pdf is expected to be uploaded during the week of August 9, 1999. THESE ARE UNOFFICIAL DOCUMENTS THAT HAVE NOT YET BEEN RATIFIED. Bob Ross Mentor Graphics From owner-ibis Mon Aug 9 14:18:43 1999 Received: from ganymede.or.intel.com (ganymede.or.intel.com [134.134.248.3]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id OAA27494 for ; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 14:18:41 -0700 (PDT) Received: from ichips-jf.jf.intel.com (ichips-jf.jf.intel.com [134.134.50.200]) by ganymede.or.intel.com (8.9.1a+p1/8.9.1/d: relay.m4,v 1.6 1998/11/24 22:10:56 iwep Exp iwep $) with ESMTP id OAA00824; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 14:12:19 -0700 (PDT) Received: from xtg801.pdx.intel.com (xtg801.pdx.intel.com [134.134.114.35]) by ichips-jf.jf.intel.com (8.9.1a/8.9.1/d: internal.m4,v 1.2 1998/11/09 19:18:37 iwep Exp iwep $) with ESMTP id OAA24890; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 14:12:18 -0700 (PDT) Received: from ichips.intel.com (localhost.pdx.intel.com [127.0.0.1]) by xtg801.pdx.intel.com (8.9.1a/8.9.1/d: client.m4,v 1.3 1998/09/29 16:36:11 sedayao Exp sedayao $) with ESMTP id OAA28304; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 14:12:17 -0700 (PDT) Message-Id: <199908092112.OAA28304@xtg801.pdx.intel.com> X-Mailer: exmh version 2.0delta 6/3/97 To: Bob Ross cc: ibis@eda.org Subject: Re: IBIS BIRD59.1 - Model Spec Diagrams In-reply-to: Your message of "Fri, 06 Aug 1999 16:24:35 PDT." <37AB6EB3.7E7B2D0A@mentor.com> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Date: Mon, 09 Aug 1999 14:12:17 -0700 From: Stephen Peters Hello All: After reading BIRD 59.1 I have a concern regarding the S_overshoot definition. The spec, as amended, states the following: > | The static overshoot subparameters provide the voltage values > | for which the model is no longer guaranteed to function > |* correctly. Typically these are voltages which would cause > |* the physical component to be destroyed. However, the text (and diagrams) go on to show D_overshoot as a voltage *greater* than S_overshoot. My interpretation (after much head scratching) is that S_overshoot is the DC limit. In other words, I assume that exposure to a voltage greater than S_overshoot but below D_overshoot for more than D_overshoot_time causes device failure. If so, this needs to be stated, as it is not obvious from the text. Regards, Stephen Peters Intel Corp. From owner-ibis Mon Aug 9 15:57:17 1999 Received: from relay1.wv.mentorg.com (relay1.mentorg.com [192.94.38.42]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id PAA27657 for ; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 15:57:16 -0700 (PDT) Received: from em-wv03.wv.mentorg.com by relay1.wv.mentorg.com (8.8.8/CF5.40F) id PAA25402; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 15:50:27 -0700 (PDT) Received: from mentor.com by em-wv03.wv.mentorg.com (8.8.8/CF5.40R) id PAA28872; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 15:50:24 -0700 (PDT) Sender: bob_ross@mentorg.com Message-ID: <37AF5B30.A839496A@mentor.com> Date: Mon, 09 Aug 1999 15:50:24 -0700 From: Bob Ross X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.05 [en] (X11; I; SunOS 5.5.1 sun4u) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: ibis@eda.org Subject: MORE UPLOADED PENDING EIA-656-A DOCUMENTS Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit To IBIS Committee: The UNOFFICIAL Pending IBIS Version 3.2 documents for EIA-656-A in Adobe Acrobat and Word formats have been uploaded in the Work in Progress directory: http://www.eda.org/pub/ibis/wip/ as ver3_2.pdf and ver3_2.doc. Thanks to Arpad Muranyi for supplying these translations. These exist along with the text format ver3_2.txt and the document showing the changes - ver3_2g.ibs that were previously announced. Please review them for the August 20, 1999 IBIS Meeting. Bob Ross Mentor Graphics From owner-ibis Mon Aug 9 16:07:34 1999 Received: from relay1.wv.mentorg.com (relay1.mentorg.com [192.94.38.42]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id QAA27676 for ; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 16:07:33 -0700 (PDT) Received: from em-wv03.wv.mentorg.com by relay1.wv.mentorg.com (8.8.8/CF5.40F) id QAA26037; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 16:00:44 -0700 (PDT) Received: from mentor.com by em-wv03.wv.mentorg.com (8.8.8/CF5.40R) id QAA00572; Mon, 9 Aug 1999 16:00:42 -0700 (PDT) Sender: bob_ross@mentorg.com Message-ID: <37AF5D9A.658719B8@mentor.com> Date: Mon, 09 Aug 1999 16:00:42 -0700 From: Bob Ross X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.05 [en] (X11; I; SunOS 5.5.1 sun4u) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Stephen Peters CC: Bob Ross , ibis@eda.org Subject: Re: IBIS BIRD59.1 - Model Spec Diagrams References: <199908092112.OAA28304@xtg801.pdx.intel.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Stephen: We can probably fine-tune some final wording to resolve this at the August 20, 1999 meeting. The intent of the Dynamic overshoots were to allow the overshoot to exceed the Static (DC limit that would overheat the component) for a short period of time. Some more information and background is given in the BIRD38, BIRD39 and BIRD40 documents. Bob Ross, Mentor Graphics Stephen Peters wrote: > > Hello All: > > After reading BIRD 59.1 I have a concern regarding the S_overshoot > definition. > The spec, as amended, states the following: > > > | The static overshoot subparameters provide the voltage values > > | for which the model is no longer guaranteed to function > > |* correctly. Typically these are voltages which would cause > > |* the physical component to be destroyed. > > However, the text (and diagrams) go on to show D_overshoot as a voltage > *greater* than > S_overshoot. My interpretation (after much head scratching) is that > S_overshoot is > the DC limit. In other words, I assume that exposure to a voltage greater > than S_overshoot > but below D_overshoot for more than D_overshoot_time causes device failure. > If so, > this needs to be stated, as it is not obvious from the text. > > Regards, > Stephen Peters > Intel Corp. From owner-ibis Tue Aug 10 09:49:50 1999 Received: from osiris.vlsi.com (relayhost.vlsi.com [134.27.20.23]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id JAA01538; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 09:49:50 -0700 (PDT) Received: (from smtp@localhost) by osiris.vlsi.com (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id JAA24575; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 09:42:55 -0700 (PDT) X-Authentication-Warning: osiris.vlsi.com: smtp set sender to using -f Received: from (tem-pbx1.tempe.vlsi.com [134.27.128.26]) by osiris.vlsi.com via smap (V2.0) id xma024566; Tue, 10 Aug 99 09:42:26 -0700 Received: from vlsi.com (witsend.tempe.vlsi.com [134.27.133.12]) by tem-pbx1.tempe.vlsi.com with SMTP (Microsoft Exchange Internet Mail Service Version 5.5.2448.0) id Q1NCKQHF; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 09:42:25 -0700 Sender: dsession@osiris.vlsi.com Message-ID: <37B05671.78DF6ECC@vlsi.com> Date: Tue, 10 Aug 1999 09:42:25 -0700 From: "D. C. Sessions" Organization: VLSI Technology Inc. X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.6 [en] (X11; U; SunOS 5.5.1 sun4m) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Stephen Peters CC: ibis@eda.org, ibis-users@eda.org Subject: Re: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers References: <199908101522.IAA04758@xtg801.pdx.intel.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Stephen Peters wrote: > > Hello All: > > Following is the first in a series of BIRDS that aim to enhance > IBIS's ability to specifying and characterizing receivers. Comments > appreciated. Clarification: Because these sections are totally meaningless without the Vmeas parameter, all of the voltages specified are to be considered relative to Vmeas (or at least that's the way I remember it.) That breaks the examples, but I think we can deal with that. > =================================== > > Buffer Issue Resolution Document (BIRD) > > BIRD ID#: 61 > ISSUE TITLE: Enhanced Characterization of Receivers > REQUESTOR: D.C Sessions (Philips), Richard Mellitz, Stephen Peters, > Arpad Muranyi (Intel Corp) > DATE SUBMITTED: August 9, 1999 > DATE ACCEPTED BY IBIS OPEN FORUM: > > ******************************************************************************* > ******************************************************************************* > > STATEMENT OF THE ISSUE: The current specification allows the user to > describe the static Vinh and Vinl thresholds of a receiver. However, these > parameters specify only the DC input thresholds at which the output of > a receiver switches state. They do not describe a digital logic receiver's > dynamic performance. Dynamic performance includes such items as how a > device's setup or hold time varies with input overdrive, or how a receiver > behaves when an input waveform rings back into the area between Vinh and > Vinl. In addition, the current specification does not support simulation > methodologies that rely on specifying the total delay from the input of an > output buffer to the output of the receiver. This bird offers a way for the > user to specify a receiver's propagation delay and dynamic characteristics in > enough detail so that a simulation tool can model a receiver's response to > any arbitrary waveform. > > ******************************************************************************* > > STATEMENT OF THE RESOLVED SPECIFICATIONS: > > 1) The following new keyword is defined, and is placed in the > specification just below the [Rising Waveform] and [Falling Waveform] > keyword descriptions > > |============================================================================= > | Keyword: [Receiver Delay] > | Required: No > | Sub-Params: Start_point, End_point, Slope > | Description: This keyword specifies how the propagation delay of an > | input receiver varies as a function of input overdrive or > | input waveform slope. > | > | Usage Rules: The [Receiver Delay] keyword is followed immediately by the > | three subparameter names and their arguments. The Start_point > | and End_point subparameters define the starting and ending > | voltage points of a linear ramp while the Slope parameter > | specifies the slope of that ramp. Slope is given in units of > | volts per second (V/S). All three subparameters are required. > | > | Subparameter Usage: > | The intent of the subparameters is to specify a set of linear > | ramps that vary only in starting point, ending point, or > | slope. Therefore, when assigning values to the subparameters, > | two of the three subparameters must be assigned fixed values, > | while the third subparameter uses as its argument the reserved > | word TABLE. The use of the word TABLE indicates that this > | subparameter is the independent variable in the associated > | receiver delay table. The subparameter that uses the TABLE > | argument must appear after the other two subparameters and > | before the receiver delay table. > | > | Numerical arguments are separated from their associated > | subparameter by an equals sign (=); white space around the > | equals sign is optional. The TABLE argument is separate > | from its associated subparameter by white space. > | > | Receiver Delay Table: > | Following the subparameters is the receiver delay table itself. > | This table consists of four columns. The first column lists > | either the starting voltage, ending voltage or slope of the > | linear ramp (i.e. the independent variable) as determined by > | the subparameter with the TABLE argument. The second thru > | fourth columns list the change in the receiver's propagation > | delay. This "change in delay" is relative to the receiver's > | delay when it is stimulated using the same overdrive and edge > | rate conditions used to specify the device's setup and hold > | times. The delay columns are arranged in the standard typ, > | min, max format. All four entries must be placed on the same > | line and must be separated by at least one white space. All > | four columns are required. However, data is required only for > | the typical column. If minimum or maximum data is not available > | use the reserved word NA. Each receiver delay table is limited > | to 100 rows and only one receiver delay table is allowed per > | [Receiver Delay] keyword. However, there are no restrictions > | on the number of [Receiver Delay] keywords per [Model] keyword. > | Note that the [Receiver Delay] keyword is not allowed unless > | the Model_type of the [Model] is one of the Input or I/O > | models types. > | > | Use of INF as a Receiver Delay: > | When building a receiver delay table the user may specify an > | input condition that does not result in the receiver's output > | changing state. In that case, the receiver delay is considered > | infinite, and the reserved word INF is used in the delay > | column. See the examples below. > | > | Other Notes: > | It is expected that the user will provide enough [Receiver > | Delay] keywords (i.e. characterization data) to allow a CAE > | tool to build a model of the input receiver. It is expected > | that at least four [Receiver Delay] keywords will be required; > | two low to high going ramps and two high to low going ramps. > | However, the exact number of ramps and there content is up > | to the user and recommendations provided by the various > | simulation vendors. > | > | An example table showing how receiver delay varies vs. overdrive. > | Note the use of the reserved word INF. > | > [Receiver Delay] > Start_point = 0.8v > Slope = 1v/1ns > End_point TABLE > |variable typ min max > 1.4 INF 7.0ns INF > 1.5 INF 5.0ns INF > 1.51 INF 3.0ns 10.0ns > 1.53 7.0ns 0.0ns 7.0ns > 1.55 2.0ns 0.0ns 1.0ns > 1.6 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > 1.7 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > 2.0 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > 2.1 0.1ns 0.1ns 0.1ns > 2.5 -0.2ns -0.1ns -0.5ns > | > | A second table that characterizes receiver delay vs. the slope of the > | input waveform. > | > [Receiver Delay] > Start_point = 0.8v > End_point = 2.0v > Slope TABLE > |variable typ min max > 0.05/1ns -1.0 -3.5 -1.0 > 0.25/1ns -0.75 -2.0 -0.05 > 0.50/1ns -0.01 -0.5 -0.0 > 0.60/1ns 0.0 0.25 0.0 > 0.75/1ns 0.0 0.0 0.0 > 1.00/1ns 0.0 0.0 0.0 > 2.00/1ns +0.5 +0.2 +1.0 > | > | > |2) Item 2 under General Syntax Rules and Guidelines is modified to include > |the following reserved words > > INF - used when a data value is so large it is considered infinite > TABLE - used to indicate that a subparameter's value(s) are part of a > table. > ******************************************************************************* > > ANALYSIS PATH/DATA THAT LED TO SPECIFICATION: This bird originated from > discussions held at the January '99 IBIS summit regarding the lack of a > way to accurately and realistically specify the input thresholds and > dynamic performance of a digital logic receiver. At the mid year '99 IBIS > summit D.C. Sessions, Stephen Peters, Richard Mellitz and Arpad Muranyi > agreed to meet to hammer out a proposal. This bird is one of the results. > The technical basis of this bird derives from simulation work done by > Richard Mellitz. > > ******************************************************************************* > > ANY OTHER BACKGROUND INFORMATION: > > ******************************************************************************* -- D. C. Sessions dc.sessions@vlsi.com From owner-ibis Tue Aug 10 10:35:23 1999 Received: from web125.yahoomail.com (web125.yahoomail.com [205.180.60.193]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with SMTP id KAA01630 for ; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 10:35:22 -0700 (PDT) Message-ID: <19990810173012.26175.rocketmail@web125.yahoomail.com> Received: from [209.67.236.48] by web125.yahoomail.com; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 10:30:12 PDT Date: Tue, 10 Aug 1999 10:30:12 -0700 (PDT) From: "C. Kumar" Subject: Re: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers To: ibis@eda.org Cc: ibis-users@eda.org MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Simulators are not designed for slope evaluation. The calculated slope at any time can have substantial errors even though the overall voltage/current changes will be accurate. Tables which depend on slope are asking for trouble. --- "D. C. Sessions" wrote: > Stephen Peters wrote: > > > > Hello All: > > > > Following is the first in a series of BIRDS > that aim to enhance > > IBIS's ability to specifying and characterizing > receivers. Comments > > appreciated. > > Clarification: > Because these sections are totally meaningless > without the Vmeas > parameter, all of the voltages specified are to be > considered relative > to Vmeas (or at least that's the way I remember it.) > > That breaks the examples, but I think we can deal > with that. > > > =================================== > > > > Buffer Issue Resolution Document > (BIRD) > > > > BIRD ID#: 61 > > ISSUE TITLE: Enhanced Characterization of > Receivers > > REQUESTOR: D.C Sessions (Philips), Richard > Mellitz, Stephen Peters, > > Arpad Muranyi (Intel Corp) > > DATE SUBMITTED: August 9, 1999 > > DATE ACCEPTED BY IBIS OPEN FORUM: > > > > > ******************************************************************************* > > > ******************************************************************************* > > > > STATEMENT OF THE ISSUE: The current specification > allows the user to > > describe the static Vinh and Vinl thresholds of a > receiver. However, these > > parameters specify only the DC input thresholds at > which the output of > > a receiver switches state. They do not describe a > digital logic receiver's > > dynamic performance. Dynamic performance includes > such items as how a > > device's setup or hold time varies with input > overdrive, or how a receiver > > behaves when an input waveform rings back into the > area between Vinh and > > Vinl. In addition, the current specification does > not support simulation > > methodologies that rely on specifying the total > delay from the input of an > > output buffer to the output of the receiver. This > bird offers a way for the > > user to specify a receiver's propagation delay and > dynamic characteristics in > > enough detail so that a simulation tool can model > a receiver's response to > > any arbitrary waveform. > > > > > ******************************************************************************* > > > > STATEMENT OF THE RESOLVED SPECIFICATIONS: > > > > 1) The following new keyword is defined, and is > placed in the > > specification just below the [Rising Waveform] and > [Falling Waveform] > > keyword descriptions > > > > > |============================================================================= > > | Keyword: [Receiver Delay] > > | Required: No > > | Sub-Params: Start_point, End_point, Slope > > | Description: This keyword specifies how the > propagation delay of an > > | input receiver varies as a > function of input overdrive or > > | input waveform slope. > > | > > | Usage Rules: The [Receiver Delay] keyword is > followed immediately by the > > | three subparameter names and their > arguments. The Start_point > > | and End_point subparameters define > the starting and ending > > | voltage points of a linear ramp > while the Slope parameter > > | specifies the slope of that ramp. > Slope is given in units of > > | volts per second (V/S). All three > subparameters are required. > > | > > | Subparameter Usage: > > | The intent of the subparameters is > to specify a set of linear > > | ramps that vary only in starting > point, ending point, or > > | slope. Therefore, when assigning > values to the subparameters, > > | two of the three subparameters > must be assigned fixed values, > > | while the third subparameter uses > as its argument the reserved > > | word TABLE. The use of the word > TABLE indicates that this > > | subparameter is the independent > variable in the associated > > | receiver delay table. The > subparameter that uses the TABLE > > | argument must appear after the > other two subparameters and > > | before the receiver delay table. > > | > > | Numerical arguments are separated > from their associated > > | subparameter by an equals sign > (=); white space around the > > | equals sign is optional. The > TABLE argument is separate > > | from its associated subparameter > by white space. > > | > > | Receiver Delay Table: > > | Following the subparameters is the > receiver delay table itself. > > | This table consists of four > columns. The first column lists > > | either the starting voltage, > ending voltage or slope of the > > | linear ramp (i.e. the independent > variable) as determined by > > | the subparameter with the TABLE > argument. The second thru > > | fourth columns list the change in > the receiver's propagation > > | delay. This "change in delay" is > relative to the receiver's > > | delay when it is stimulated using > the same overdrive and edge > > | rate conditions used to specify > the device's setup and hold > > | times. The delay columns are > arranged in the standard typ, > > | min, max format. All four entries > must be placed on the same > > | line and must be separated by at > least one white space. All > > | four columns are required. > However, data is required only for > > | the typical column. If minimum or > maximum data is not available > > | use the reserved word NA. Each > receiver delay table is limited > > | to 100 rows and only one receiver > delay table is allowed per > > | [Receiver Delay] keyword. > However, there are no restrictions > > | on the number of [Receiver Delay] > keywords per [Model] keyword. > > | Note that the [Receiver Delay] > keyword is not allowed unless > > | the Model_type of the [Model] is > one of the Input or I/O > > | models types. > > | > > | Use of INF as a Receiver Delay: > > | When building a receiver delay > table the user may specify an > > | input condition that does not > result in the receiver's output > > | changing state. In that case, the > receiver delay is considered > > | infinite, and the reserved word > INF is used in the delay > > | column. See the examples below. > > | > > | Other Notes: > > | It is expected that the user will > provide enough [Receiver > > | Delay] keywords (i.e. > characterization data) to allow a CAE > > | tool to build a model of the input > receiver. It is expected > > | that at least four [Receiver > Delay] keywords will be required; > > | two low to high going ramps and > two high to low going ramps. > > | However, the exact number of ramps > and there content is up > > | to the user and recommendations > provided by the various > > | simulation vendors. > > | > === message truncated === _____________________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Bid and sell for free at http://auctions.yahoo.com From owner-ibis Tue Aug 10 08:29:14 1999 Received: from ganymede.or.intel.com (ganymede.or.intel.com [134.134.248.3]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id IAA01325; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 08:29:13 -0700 (PDT) Received: from ichips-jf.jf.intel.com (ichips-jf.jf.intel.com [134.134.50.200]) by ganymede.or.intel.com (8.9.1a+p1/8.9.1/d: relay.m4,v 1.6 1998/11/24 22:10:56 iwep Exp iwep $) with ESMTP id IAA25137; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 08:22:53 -0700 (PDT) Received: from xtg801.pdx.intel.com (xtg801.pdx.intel.com [134.134.114.35]) by ichips-jf.jf.intel.com (8.9.1a/8.9.1/d: internal.m4,v 1.2 1998/11/09 19:18:37 iwep Exp iwep $) with ESMTP id IAA16712; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 08:22:52 -0700 (PDT) Received: from ichips.intel.com (localhost.pdx.intel.com [127.0.0.1]) by xtg801.pdx.intel.com (8.9.1a/8.9.1/d: client.m4,v 1.3 1998/09/29 16:36:11 sedayao Exp sedayao $) with ESMTP id IAA04758; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 08:22:52 -0700 (PDT) Message-Id: <199908101522.IAA04758@xtg801.pdx.intel.com> X-Mailer: exmh version 2.0delta 6/3/97 To: ibis@eda.org, ibis-users@eda.org Subject: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Date: Tue, 10 Aug 1999 08:22:51 -0700 From: Stephen Peters Hello All: Following is the first in a series of BIRDS that aim to enhance IBIS's ability to specifying and characterizing receivers. Comments appreciated. Regards, Stephen Peters Intel Corp. =================================== Buffer Issue Resolution Document (BIRD) BIRD ID#: 61 ISSUE TITLE: Enhanced Characterization of Receivers REQUESTOR: D.C Sessions (Philips), Richard Mellitz, Stephen Peters, Arpad Muranyi (Intel Corp) DATE SUBMITTED: August 9, 1999 DATE ACCEPTED BY IBIS OPEN FORUM: ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* STATEMENT OF THE ISSUE: The current specification allows the user to describe the static Vinh and Vinl thresholds of a receiver. However, these parameters specify only the DC input thresholds at which the output of a receiver switches state. They do not describe a digital logic receiver's dynamic performance. Dynamic performance includes such items as how a device's setup or hold time varies with input overdrive, or how a receiver behaves when an input waveform rings back into the area between Vinh and Vinl. In addition, the current specification does not support simulation methodologies that rely on specifying the total delay from the input of an output buffer to the output of the receiver. This bird offers a way for the user to specify a receiver's propagation delay and dynamic characteristics in enough detail so that a simulation tool can model a receiver's response to any arbitrary waveform. ******************************************************************************* STATEMENT OF THE RESOLVED SPECIFICATIONS: 1) The following new keyword is defined, and is placed in the specification just below the [Rising Waveform] and [Falling Waveform] keyword descriptions |============================================================================= | Keyword: [Receiver Delay] | Required: No | Sub-Params: Start_point, End_point, Slope | Description: This keyword specifies how the propagation delay of an | input receiver varies as a function of input overdrive or | input waveform slope. | | Usage Rules: The [Receiver Delay] keyword is followed immediately by the | three subparameter names and their arguments. The Start_point | and End_point subparameters define the starting and ending | voltage points of a linear ramp while the Slope parameter | specifies the slope of that ramp. Slope is given in units of | volts per second (V/S). All three subparameters are required. | | Subparameter Usage: | The intent of the subparameters is to specify a set of linear | ramps that vary only in starting point, ending point, or | slope. Therefore, when assigning values to the subparameters, | two of the three subparameters must be assigned fixed values, | while the third subparameter uses as its argument the reserved | word TABLE. The use of the word TABLE indicates that this | subparameter is the independent variable in the associated | receiver delay table. The subparameter that uses the TABLE | argument must appear after the other two subparameters and | before the receiver delay table. | | Numerical arguments are separated from their associated | subparameter by an equals sign (=); white space around the | equals sign is optional. The TABLE argument is separate | from its associated subparameter by white space. | | Receiver Delay Table: | Following the subparameters is the receiver delay table itself. | This table consists of four columns. The first column lists | either the starting voltage, ending voltage or slope of the | linear ramp (i.e. the independent variable) as determined by | the subparameter with the TABLE argument. The second thru | fourth columns list the change in the receiver's propagation | delay. This "change in delay" is relative to the receiver's | delay when it is stimulated using the same overdrive and edge | rate conditions used to specify the device's setup and hold | times. The delay columns are arranged in the standard typ, | min, max format. All four entries must be placed on the same | line and must be separated by at least one white space. All | four columns are required. However, data is required only for | the typical column. If minimum or maximum data is not available | use the reserved word NA. Each receiver delay table is limited | to 100 rows and only one receiver delay table is allowed per | [Receiver Delay] keyword. However, there are no restrictions | on the number of [Receiver Delay] keywords per [Model] keyword. | Note that the [Receiver Delay] keyword is not allowed unless | the Model_type of the [Model] is one of the Input or I/O | models types. | | Use of INF as a Receiver Delay: | When building a receiver delay table the user may specify an | input condition that does not result in the receiver's output | changing state. In that case, the receiver delay is considered | infinite, and the reserved word INF is used in the delay | column. See the examples below. | | Other Notes: | It is expected that the user will provide enough [Receiver | Delay] keywords (i.e. characterization data) to allow a CAE | tool to build a model of the input receiver. It is expected | that at least four [Receiver Delay] keywords will be required; | two low to high going ramps and two high to low going ramps. | However, the exact number of ramps and there content is up | to the user and recommendations provided by the various | simulation vendors. | | An example table showing how receiver delay varies vs. overdrive. | Note the use of the reserved word INF. | [Receiver Delay] Start_point = 0.8v Slope = 1v/1ns End_point TABLE |variable typ min max 1.4 INF 7.0ns INF 1.5 INF 5.0ns INF 1.51 INF 3.0ns 10.0ns 1.53 7.0ns 0.0ns 7.0ns 1.55 2.0ns 0.0ns 1.0ns 1.6 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns 1.7 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns 2.0 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns 2.1 0.1ns 0.1ns 0.1ns 2.5 -0.2ns -0.1ns -0.5ns | | A second table that characterizes receiver delay vs. the slope of the | input waveform. | [Receiver Delay] Start_point = 0.8v End_point = 2.0v Slope TABLE |variable typ min max 0.05/1ns -1.0 -3.5 -1.0 0.25/1ns -0.75 -2.0 -0.05 0.50/1ns -0.01 -0.5 -0.0 0.60/1ns 0.0 0.25 0.0 0.75/1ns 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.00/1ns 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.00/1ns +0.5 +0.2 +1.0 | | |2) Item 2 under General Syntax Rules and Guidelines is modified to include |the following reserved words INF - used when a data value is so large it is considered infinite TABLE - used to indicate that a subparameter's value(s) are part of a table. ******************************************************************************* ANALYSIS PATH/DATA THAT LED TO SPECIFICATION: This bird originated from discussions held at the January '99 IBIS summit regarding the lack of a way to accurately and realistically specify the input thresholds and dynamic performance of a digital logic receiver. At the mid year '99 IBIS summit D.C. Sessions, Stephen Peters, Richard Mellitz and Arpad Muranyi agreed to meet to hammer out a proposal. This bird is one of the results. The technical basis of this bird derives from simulation work done by Richard Mellitz. ******************************************************************************* ANY OTHER BACKGROUND INFORMATION: ******************************************************************************* From owner-ibis Tue Aug 10 11:11:13 1999 Received: from osiris.vlsi.com (relayhost.vlsi.com [134.27.20.23]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id LAA01764; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 11:11:13 -0700 (PDT) Received: (from smtp@localhost) by osiris.vlsi.com (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id LAA29952; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 11:04:21 -0700 (PDT) X-Authentication-Warning: osiris.vlsi.com: smtp set sender to using -f Received: from (tem-pbx1.tempe.vlsi.com [134.27.128.26]) by osiris.vlsi.com via smap (V2.0) id xma029933; Tue, 10 Aug 99 11:03:51 -0700 Received: from vlsi.com (witsend.tempe.vlsi.com [134.27.133.12]) by tem-pbx1.tempe.vlsi.com with SMTP (Microsoft Exchange Internet Mail Service Version 5.5.2448.0) id Q1NCKQM1; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 11:03:50 -0700 Sender: dsession@osiris.vlsi.com Message-ID: <37B06986.E750EF88@vlsi.com> Date: Tue, 10 Aug 1999 11:03:50 -0700 From: "D. C. Sessions" Organization: VLSI Technology Inc. X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.6 [en] (X11; U; SunOS 5.5.1 sun4m) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: ibis@eda.org CC: "C. Kumar" , ibis-users@eda.org Subject: Re: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers References: <19990810173012.26175.rocketmail@web125.yahoomail.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit "C. Kumar" wrote: > > Simulators are not designed for slope evaluation. The calculated slope > at any time can have substantial errors even though the overall > voltage/current changes will be accurate. > > Tables which depend on slope are asking for trouble. The problem is that the physical *inputs* are dependent on slope, and system function (as in, "does it?") depends on the input timing. We can't just tell ourselves, "slope is hard to deal with in simulaiton, so we'll ignore its effects." Mostly because the kind of extreme conservatism that let us do that in the past would eat all of our timing budgets and leave nothing for minor details like output delay, skew, flight, setup, and hold time. Besides which, I think you're misunderstanding the intent of the tables. They aren't intended to be used directly; like the VT curves they're for simulator companies to use in building internal timing estimators which adjust input timing (offsets only, please note) based on input waveforms which bear no noticable resemblance to the pretty trapezoids that we invent to convey characterization. I suppose that this is a good time to mention that there is a companion proposal that we discussed to define "golden input waveforms" which are anything BUT pretty, accompanied by their consequent timing responses. These will be almost certainly useless for building models, for comparison to real-world waveforms, and almost everything else EXCEPT providing a check for the simulator that its inferred timing model isn't too far off from the manufacturer's characterization. Watch This Space. > --- "D. C. Sessions" wrote: > > Stephen Peters wrote: > > > > > > Hello All: > > > > > > Following is the first in a series of BIRDS > > that aim to enhance > > > IBIS's ability to specifying and characterizing > > receivers. Comments > > > appreciated. > > > > Clarification: > > Because these sections are totally meaningless > > without the Vmeas > > parameter, all of the voltages specified are to be > > considered relative > > to Vmeas (or at least that's the way I remember it.) > > > > That breaks the examples, but I think we can deal > > with that. > > > > > =================================== > > > > > > Buffer Issue Resolution Document > > (BIRD) > > > > > > BIRD ID#: 61 > > > ISSUE TITLE: Enhanced Characterization of > > Receivers > > > REQUESTOR: D.C Sessions (Philips), Richard > > Mellitz, Stephen Peters, > > > Arpad Muranyi (Intel Corp) > > > DATE SUBMITTED: August 9, 1999 > > > DATE ACCEPTED BY IBIS OPEN FORUM: > > > > > > > > > ******************************************************************************* > > > > > > ******************************************************************************* > > > > > > STATEMENT OF THE ISSUE: The current specification > > allows the user to > > > describe the static Vinh and Vinl thresholds of a > > receiver. However, these > > > parameters specify only the DC input thresholds at > > which the output of > > > a receiver switches state. They do not describe a > > digital logic receiver's > > > dynamic performance. Dynamic performance includes > > such items as how a > > > device's setup or hold time varies with input > > overdrive, or how a receiver > > > behaves when an input waveform rings back into the > > area between Vinh and > > > Vinl. In addition, the current specification does > > not support simulation > > > methodologies that rely on specifying the total > > delay from the input of an > > > output buffer to the output of the receiver. This > > bird offers a way for the > > > user to specify a receiver's propagation delay and > > dynamic characteristics in > > > enough detail so that a simulation tool can model > > a receiver's response to > > > any arbitrary waveform. > > > > > > > > > ******************************************************************************* > > > > > > STATEMENT OF THE RESOLVED SPECIFICATIONS: > > > > > > 1) The following new keyword is defined, and is > > placed in the > > > specification just below the [Rising Waveform] and > > [Falling Waveform] > > > keyword descriptions > > > > > > > > > |============================================================================= > > > | Keyword: [Receiver Delay] > > > | Required: No > > > | Sub-Params: Start_point, End_point, Slope > > > | Description: This keyword specifies how the > > propagation delay of an > > > | input receiver varies as a > > function of input overdrive or > > > | input waveform slope. > > > | > > > | Usage Rules: The [Receiver Delay] keyword is > > followed immediately by the > > > | three subparameter names and their > > arguments. The Start_point > > > | and End_point subparameters define > > the starting and ending > > > | voltage points of a linear ramp > > while the Slope parameter > > > | specifies the slope of that ramp. > > Slope is given in units of > > > | volts per second (V/S). All three > > subparameters are required. > > > | > > > | Subparameter Usage: > > > | The intent of the subparameters is > > to specify a set of linear > > > | ramps that vary only in starting > > point, ending point, or > > > | slope. Therefore, when assigning > > values to the subparameters, > > > | two of the three subparameters > > must be assigned fixed values, > > > | while the third subparameter uses > > as its argument the reserved > > > | word TABLE. The use of the word > > TABLE indicates that this > > > | subparameter is the independent > > variable in the associated > > > | receiver delay table. The > > subparameter that uses the TABLE > > > | argument must appear after the > > other two subparameters and > > > | before the receiver delay table. > > > | > > > | Numerical arguments are separated > > from their associated > > > | subparameter by an equals sign > > (=); white space around the > > > | equals sign is optional. The > > TABLE argument is separate > > > | from its associated subparameter > > by white space. > > > | > > > | Receiver Delay Table: > > > | Following the subparameters is the > > receiver delay table itself. > > > | This table consists of four > > columns. The first column lists > > > | either the starting voltage, > > ending voltage or slope of the > > > | linear ramp (i.e. the independent > > variable) as determined by > > > | the subparameter with the TABLE > > argument. The second thru > > > | fourth columns list the change in > > the receiver's propagation > > > | delay. This "change in delay" is > > relative to the receiver's > > > | delay when it is stimulated using > > the same overdrive and edge > > > | rate conditions used to specify > > the device's setup and hold > > > | times. The delay columns are > > arranged in the standard typ, > > > | min, max format. All four entries > > must be placed on the same > > > | line and must be separated by at > > least one white space. All > > > | four columns are required. > > However, data is required only for > > > | the typical column. If minimum or > > maximum data is not available > > > | use the reserved word NA. Each > > receiver delay table is limited > > > | to 100 rows and only one receiver > > delay table is allowed per > > > | [Receiver Delay] keyword. > > However, there are no restrictions > > > | on the number of [Receiver Delay] > > keywords per [Model] keyword. > > > | Note that the [Receiver Delay] > > keyword is not allowed unless > > > | the Model_type of the [Model] is > > one of the Input or I/O > > > | models types. > > > | > > > | Use of INF as a Receiver Delay: > > > | When building a receiver delay > > table the user may specify an > > > | input condition that does not > > result in the receiver's output > > > | changing state. In that case, the > > receiver delay is considered > > > | infinite, and the reserved word > > INF is used in the delay > > > | column. See the examples below. > > > | > > > | Other Notes: > > > | It is expected that the user will > > provide enough [Receiver > > > | Delay] keywords (i.e. > > characterization data) to allow a CAE > > > | tool to build a model of the input > > receiver. It is expected > > > | that at least four [Receiver > > Delay] keywords will be required; > > > | two low to high going ramps and > > two high to low going ramps. > > > | However, the exact number of ramps > > and there content is up > > > | to the user and recommendations > > provided by the various > > > | simulation vendors. > > > | > > > === message truncated === > > _____________________________________________________________ > Do You Yahoo!? > Bid and sell for free at http://auctions.yahoo.com -- D. C. Sessions dc.sessions@vlsi.com From owner-ibis Tue Aug 10 11:38:37 1999 Received: from dfw7-1.relay.mail.uu.net (dfw7-1.relay.mail.uu.net [199.171.54.106]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id LAA01848 for ; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 11:38:36 -0700 (PDT) Received: from wodc7-1.uucp-gw.mail.uu.net by dfw7sosrv11.alter.net with ESMTP (peer crosschecked as: wodc7-1.uucp-gw.mail.uu.net [199.171.54.178]) id QQhbru27662 for ; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 18:32:15 GMT Received: from uucp2.uu.net by wodc7ug0.ffx.ops.us.uu.net with SMTP (peer crosschecked as: uucp2.uu.net [192.48.96.82]) id QQhbru12191 for ; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 18:32:14 GMT Received: from qdt.UUCP by uucp2.uu.net with UUCP/RMAIL ; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 14:32:13 -0400 Received: from viewlogic.com by qdt.viewlogic.com (4.1/SMI-4.1) id AA01494; Tue, 10 Aug 99 11:33:06 PDT Received: from pc-chrisr by qdt.com (4.1/SMI-4.1) id AA18520; Tue, 10 Aug 99 11:28:53 PDT From: "Chris Rokusek" To: "Ibis@Eda. Org" Subject: IBIS Open Forum Minutes 6 Aug 1999 Date: Tue, 10 Aug 1999 11:23:29 -0700 Message-Id: <004f01bee35d$71f8ff80$aac2b58b@pc-chrisr.camarillo.viewlogic.com> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-Msmail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook 8.5, Build 4.71.2173.0 Importance: Normal X-Mimeole: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3110.3 DATE: 8/10/99 SUBJECT: 8/6/99 EIA IBIS Open Forum Meeting Minutes VOTING MEMBERS AND 1999 PARTICIPANTS LIST: AMP (Martin Freedman) Applied Simulation Technology Raj Raghuram*, Norio Matsui, Neven Orhanovic, Fred Ballesteri Avanti Nikolai Bannov Cadence Design Mike LaBonte* Cisco Systems Syed Huq Compaq Bob Haller*, Steve Coe, Shafir Rahman, Maher Elasad Cypress (Rajesh Manapat) EMC Corporation Fabrizio Zanella Fairchild Semiconductor [Peter LaFlamme], Craig Klem H.A.S. Electronics (Haruny Said) Hewlett Packard (EEsof, etc.) Paul Gregory, Henry Wu High Design Technology Razvan Ene HyperLynx (& Pads Software) Matthew Flora*, Kellee Crisafulli, Lynne Green, John Angulo* IBM Greg Edlund, Michael Cohen*, Praven Patel Incases Olaf Rethmeier, Werner Rissiek, David Eagles, Wilhelm Arnoldi, Ulrich Losch Intel Corporation Stephen Peters*, Arpad Muranyi*, Frank Kern, Martin Chang, Dave Moxley, Kerry Nelson, Jeff Day, Richard Mellitz, Peter Liou, Will Hobbs, Henri Maramis LSI Logic (Symbios Logic) Scott King Mentor Graphics Bob Ross*, Mohamed Mahmoud, Sherif Hammad, Jean Oudinot, Markku Kukkanen, Martin Groeber, Karine Loudet, Hisham Gamal, Evgeny Wasserman Mitsubishi (Tam Cao) Motorola (Ron Werner) National Semiconductor Milt Schwartz North East Systems Associates Edward Sayre, Michael Baxter, Kathy Breda NEC (Hiroshi Matsumoto) Philips Semiconductor Todd Andersen, Peter Christiaans Quantic EMC (Mike Ventham) Siemens Bernhard Unger, Christian Mitschke, Manfred Maurer, Peter Kaiser, Wolfram Meyer, Gerald Bannert, Harmut Ibowski, Katja Zuleeg, Hans Pichlmaier, Eckhard Lenski, Kortheuer Udo, Christian Sporrer SiQual Scott McMorrow Texas Instruments Jean-Claude Perrin, Shankar Balasubramaniah, Ramzi Ammar, Thomas Fisher Thomson-CSF (Jean Lebrun) Time Domain Analysis Systems Dima Smolyansky Viewlogic Systems Chris Rokusek*, Guy de Burgh*, Cary Mandel, (Jon Powell) VeriBest Ian Dodd* VLSI Technology D.C. Sessions* Zuken-Redac (John Berrie) OTHER PARTICIPANTS IN 1999: 3Dfx Interactive Ken Wu Actel Corporation Silvia Montoya Alcatel Steven Criel Analytical Edge Robert Easson Applied Microelectronics Brian Sanderson BMW Friedrich Haslinger Bogatin Enterprise Eric Bogatin Bosch Telecom Detlef Wolf Celestica Danny Da Silva ECI Telecom Daniel Adar EIA [Patti Rusher], Cecilia Fleming*, Dan Heinemeier Electronique Catherine Gross EFM Consulting Ekkehard Miersch FCI John Ellis Hitachi ULSI Hideki Fukuda Infineon Thomas Latzel Intracon Design Mike Osmond Litton Systems Robert Bremer Matsushita Atsuji Itoh Molex Incorporated Gus Panella Nortel Networks Martin Hall (& at Viewlogic), Calvin Trowell Oce Printing Systems Ernst Deiringer Praegitzer Design Rick Newell Rockwell Collins Susan Tweeton, Ron Hau Samsung Jung-Gun Byun, Cheol-Seung Choi Shindengen Tsuyoshi Horigome Signals & Systems Engineering Tom Hawkins STMicroelectronics Fabrice Boissieres, Philippe LeFevre StorageTek Nick Krull Sun Microsystems Victor Chang, Kevin Ko Tektronix Tom Brinkoetter Teradyne Mikhail Khusid VDOL Robert Novosel Xilinx Susan Wu (Unaffiliated, Retired) Bruce Wenniger In the list above, attendees at the meeting are indicated by *. Principal members or other active members who have not attended are in parentheses. Participants who no longer are in the organization are in square brackets. Upcoming Meetings: The bridge numbers for future IBIS teleconferences are as follows: Date Bridge Number Reservation # Passcode August 20, 1999 (916) 356-9200 8-34300 1159828 All meetings are 8:00 AM to 9:55 AM Pacific Time. We try to have agendas out 7 days before each Open Forum and meeting minutes out within 7 days after. When you call into the meeting, ask for the IBIS Open Forum hosted by Will Hobbs and give the reservation number and passcode. NOTE: "AR" = Action Required. -------------------------------- MINUTES ------------------------------------- INTRODUCTIONS AND MEETING QUORUM John Angulo from HyperLynx is on the simulator team and wants to learn about IBIS. Bob Ross noted that we probably have been in compliance with formal EIA committee quorum requirements since the quorum is based on actual company participation at meetings. We have had a core group of about twelve to fifteen companies, so the actual quorum needed is about seven or eight member companies to conduct formal business. MEMBERSHIP UPDATE AND TREASURER'S REPORT Bob stated that we will start the process of updating the Roster page and also at the same time get the names of the primary and secondary representatives for each Member company, as required by EIA. Guy de Burgh will work with Syed Huq and assist in this process. REVIEW OF MINUTES AND AR'S Bob Ross made a change in the uploaded July 23, 1999 Minutes in response to a correction from Michael Cohen. Bob changed "whamming" to "WANning" as the abbreviation for Wide Area Network. The revised text in this section of last meetings Minutes is shown below: Bob Ross asked Michael Cohen whether he needed the clarification about "WANning" related to the s2ibis2/3 discussion in the May 28, 1999 IBIS Minutes. Michael stated that he did not think this was necessary since he had already sent a clarification statement to the IBIS reflector. The IBIS Minutes of May 28, 1999 were approved without modification. With this correction, the July 23, 1999 Minutes were approved. Bob noted that work is being done, but the following AR's in this section are still open: AR - Bob Ross and Cecilia Fleming research what is needed to align the IBIS bylaws with EP-20. AR - Bob Ross and Cecilia write position definitions for the new positions of Webmaster and Postmaster. Other AR's will be discussed during the meeting. MISCELLANY/ANNOUNCEMENTS None. PRESS AND WEB PAGE UPDATES None. NEW MODELS AVAILABLE, LIBRARY UPDATE None. OPENS FOR NEW ISSUES Bob Ross on BIRD59 - Model Spec Diagrams Bob Ross on BIRD60 - Electrical Board Description Diagrams Bob Ross on Other Version 3.2 Proposed Changes INTERNATIONAL/EXTERNAL PROGRESS - IEC 62014-1 (IBIS Version 2.1) - Cecilia Fleming reported that the comment responses to the letter ballot were sent to IEC. She does not expect a response for about three weeks. - pr EIAJ ED-5302 Standard for I/O Interface Model for Integrated Circuits (IMIC) - Bob Ross had no further report. - IEC 93/67/NP IBIS and EMC Simulation - Bob Ross had no further report - JC-16.2 Subcommittee: Modeling and Test - D.C. Sessions had no further report. ANSI LETTER BALLOT REPORT ON IBIS VERSION 3.2 Cecilia Fleming reported that the balloting period closed on August 3, 1999. No comments were received. This means that ANSI will approve the revised Version 3.2 document. She also commented as reported in the July 23, 1999 Minutes that the EIA letter ballot vote was 18 Yes and 0 No. Five Yes votes had comments. Once the comments are addressed, the acceptance process of IBIS Version 3.2 as EIA-656-A and then as ANSI/EIA-656-A is just a matter of sending the comment responses and revised document. S2IBIS3 COMMITTEE REPORT Michael Cohen reported that the next task group meeting is scheduled on Friday, August 13, 1999 and asked Bob Ross to get the teleconference bridge. IBIS (EAST) USERS GROUP MEETINGS Bob Ross reported that an initial notice should be sent in mid to late August 1999 for the meeting on October 14, 1999 in Marlborough, MA. Planning will begin after Kathy Breda returns from vacation. COOKBOOK STATUS Stephen Peters had no report. IBIS MODEL REVIEW COMMITTEE DISCUSSION Matthew Flora may send out the new model he received depending upon the type of review needed. BIRD59 - MODEL SPEC DIAGRAMS Bob Ross introduced BIRD59 to deal with two letter ballot comments on SP-4557 to be discussed later. Since the comments involved diagrams and minor text corrections, the BIRD process is followed to provide formal review of the proposed changes. Bob indicated he plans to issue BIRD59.1 to refine one of the diagrams. Also, the letter ballot responses will reference BIRD59.1. Matthew Flora raised the issue that he was still confused with how the hysteresis input is supposed to switch. Bob noted that the "x" point on the rising waveform and falling waveform indicated the minimum and maximum switching points for each edge. This was not noted on the diagram since text graphics can get very complicated with too much information. Raj Raghuram suggested adding another Input/Output switching diagram that is typically found in data books for clarification. D.C. Sessions suggested a table which is easier to produce. Bob indicated that he really did not want to get to bogged down in adding added diagrams or technical explanations. Hysteresis type inputs are well-known in industry, particularly with respect to ASIC input buffers. They are also used in Schmitt trigger inputs. Bob also noted that the example provides some further information. Bob suggested that we add a reference to Schmitt triggers to help clarify this section. Bob will immediately issue BIRD59.1 with implementation of the above changes for further review and a planned vote at the next IBIS meeting. AR - Bob Ross issue BIRD59.1 with the changes discussed by August 6, 1999. [Done] BIRD60 - ELECTRICAL BOARD DESCRIPTION DIAGRAMS Bob Ross introduced BIRD60 to deal with a letter ballot comment on SP-4557 to be discussed later. BIRD60 formally documents for review the three diagrams that are planned to illustrate the EBD paths in the example. We plan to vote on BIRD60. The letter ballot response will reference BIRD60. SP-4557 LETTER BALLOT COMMENTS Bob Ross commented that based on the formal votes at the July 23, 1999 meeting, formal letter ballot reponses to comments on SP-4557 have been sent to Mentor Graphics and to Anigma, Inc. Cecilia Fleming stated that she has received copies. Draft responses to comments from Intel Corporation and Cisco Systems were also discussed at the July 23, 1999 meeting. Since they contained many more items and were sent out only days before the meeting, Bob did not call for a vote on the responses. Bob stated that the plan for this meeting was to do the following: Review, discuss and vote on the Intel Corporation responses Review, discuss and vote on the Cisco Systems responses Review and discuss the SiQual, Inc. proposed responses that have just been distributed on the IBIS reflector and are included in these Minutes. The final discussion and vote on the responses will be scheduled for the next meeting. Discuss any other (minor) editorial comments and corrections on IBIS Version 3.2. Based on the results of this meeting, Bob plans to upload two documents for review by August 6, 1999 to provide a two week review period before the next meeting. These documents will be in the Work in Progress directory: http://www.eda.org/pub/ibis/ ver3_2g.ibs - UNOFFICIAL draft document of IBIS Version 3.2 showing the changes based on responses we have approved and also based on the SiQual responses we have discussed and other pending responses to be approved. ver3_2.ibs - UNOFFICIAL draft document of the release document that has the changes shown in the ver3_2g.ibs document implemented. Bob asked Arpad Muranyi to then provide as soon as possible an Acrobat formatted UNOFFICIAL draft ver3_2.pdf document for review. Bob also plans to upload this more readable version of the ver3_2.ibs document in the Work in Progress directory for review. The review will give us an opportunity to make minor editorial corrections on these prior to a formal scheduled for the next meeting. BIRD59.1 and BIRD60 just discussed will also be voted on. AR - Bob Ross upload the UNOFFICIAL ver3_2g.ibs and ver3_2.ibs in the http://www.eda.org/pub/ibis/wip/ directory by August 6, 1999. [Done] AR - Arpad Muranyi produce the UNOFFICIAL ver3_2.pdf document and Bob Ross upload it as soon as possible in the http://www.eda.org/pub/ibis/wip/ directory. INTEL CORPORATION LETTER BALLOT RESPONSES Bob Ross reviewed the letter ballot comments and draft responses from Intel Corporation. They are listed below, as given in the July 23, 1999 Minutes: ------ Intel: 1 Editorial Suggested Change: Remove any reference to "tab" in the phrase "must be separated by at least one white space or tab character". This occurs throughout the document. Response: We agree with this suggest change. Only "white space" will be used. Also, in some locations a subsequent sentence related to not recommending using the "tab" character will be removed since it is now out of context. Note: This text has existed since Version 1.1. Intel: 2 Editorial Reference: Page 42 Suggested Change: Is [Add Submodel] the only keyword that is position dependent (within the file). This seems ugly. This keyword should contain an explicit reference to the top level model. Response: No change will be made. Reason: The paragraph referenced below states that the [Add Submodel] keyword can be positioned anywhere among the keywords after the initial subparameters of the [Model] keyword. This is consistent with all of the other keywords under [Model] with the exception of the [Model Spec] keyword. Since the [Model Spec] keyword describes subparameters, it is positioned after the list of subparameters. The syntax checker ibischk3 detects only the position of [Model Spec]. It accepts [Add Submodel] in any location under [Model]. For reference the confusing paragraph is stated below: | When special-purpose functional detail is needed, the top-level model can | call one or more submodels. The [Add Submodel] keyword is positioned | after the initial set of required and optional subparameters of the [Model] | keyword and among the keywords under [Model]. | There is no need to explicitly reference the top-level model since [Add Submodel] is a keyword positioned within that specific [Model]. Intel: 3 Editorial Reference: Page 11 Suggested Change: Last sentence of the Usage Rules section of the [Component] description appears to have a typo.. remove the word 'and'. Response: We agree with this suggest change. The word "and" will be deleted. Intel: 4 Editorial Reference: Page 20 Suggested Change: The last sentence in the introductory paragraph of usage rules is redundant and should be removed. Sentence begins "Model names with reserved...". Response: We agree with this suggest change. The redundant sentence will be deleted. Also, the document format for that paragraph which contains shortened lines will be fixed. Note: This text has existed since Version 1.1. Intel: 5 Editorial Reference: Page 23 Suggested Change: When describing the Vinh, Vinl rules and the typ column, clarify if the typ column either does or doesn't override that declared elsewhere. The phrase "would be expected to" isn't clear at all. Response: We agree with this observation. The words "would be expected to" are deleted since the intent is to describe exactly what subparameters override other subparameters. Intel: 6 Editorial Reference: Page 23 Suggested Change: Delete paragraph about reversing Vinh, Vinl to mimic hysteresis. While this my be true, we have explicit parameters that describe this functionality and we should not document or encourage an alternate method. Response: We agree with this suggest change. The paragraph will be deleted since it also describes an interpretation that has not been standardized. Intel: 7 Editorial Reference: Page 24 Suggested Change: the whole discussion on dynamic and static overshoot is confusing. I can't figure out if static or dynamic overshoot implies an absolute maximum rating or device destruction or what. Not sure how to fix, but this does need to be clarified. Response: We agree with this section may not be clear. We plan to add a figure (in response to another letter ballot comment) to clarify this. Intel: 8 Editorial Suggested Change: Change all "S" to "s" when it is used as the abbreviation for the unit of time as in seconds. Capital "S" stands for the unit of conductance, Siemens, and not time. This should be done also where it appears with prefixes, such as "n" for nano, etc. Rationale: In general, we should follow the official standard spelling rules of units and prefixes everywhere. Response: We agree with this suggest change. We intend to use standardized abbreviations throughout the document. We will correct all occurrences. Intel: 9 Editorial Suggested Change: I found two occurrences of "VI" in an ASCII drawing which should be changed to "IV" to be consistent with the spelling in section 9, "Notes on Data Derivation Method", and BIRD58.2. Rationale: These curves are plotted current verses voltage, and the proper order for the symbols "I" and "V" therefore is IV, not VI. Response: We agree with correcting the problem. We will change the occurrences of VI in the diagram to I-V. We will also change all occurrences of "V/I" and "IV" to "I-V" for consistency. Note: The term "V/I" has existed since Version 1.1. However, we need to provide consistent nomenclature throughout the document. ------ Bob asked for discussion, and there were no issues with these responses. Bob proposed amending the response to Intel Comment 7 to specifically refer to BIRD59.1 as part of the resolution: Change: Response: We agree with this section may not be clear. We plan to add a figure (in response to another letter ballot comment) to clarify this. To: Response: We agree that this section may not be clear. We plan to add a figure (in response to another letter ballot comment) to clarify this according to changes documented as BIRD59.1 Bob called for a vote on the Intel responses, as changed above. The responses were approved by a unanimous vote. CISCO SYSTEMS COMMENTS AND DRAFT RESPONSES Bob Ross reviewed the letter ballot comments and draft responses from Cisco Systems. They are listed below, as given in the July 23, 1999 Minutes: ------ Cisco Systems: 1 Editorial Reference: Page 24 Suggested Change: Add a hysteresis diagram showing all the sub-parameters. Rationale: Would clarify usage of Vinh+, Vinh-, Vinl+, Vinl-, S_overshoot_high, S_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_high, D_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_time, Pulse_high, Pulse_low, Pulse_time. Response: We agree with this suggest change. We will add an illustration or illustrations to clarify the meaning of the subparameters. Cisco Systems: 2 Editorial Reference: Page 31 Suggested Change: Change from "..of one note per V/I table if .." to ".. of one warning per V/I table if ..", and change from "Note: Line 300, Pulldown .." to "Warning: Line 300 Pulldown ..". Response: We agree with this suggest change. We will make the changes from "note" to "warning" as suggested. Cisco Systems: 3 Editorial Reference: Page 40-41 Suggested Change: Should provide example with 4 V/T tables instead of the two shown. Model developers are providing 2 V/T tables following the conditions illustrated on Page 40 & 41. Since 4 V/T tables have been discussed extensively in the forum for accuracy reasons, please provide example of all four cases: 1) [Rising waveform] with 50 Ohms to vdd 2) [Rising Waveform] with 50 Ohms to gnd 3) [Falling waveform] with 50 Ohms to vdd 4) [Falling Waveform] with 50 Ohms to gnd. Response: No change will be made. Reason: While we agree with the intent of the suggestion, the document intends to illustrate only the syntax or portions thereof. Adding two more tables would be redundant. Complete examples and guidelines are contained in other documents. Cisco Systems: 4 Editorial Reference: Page 69 Suggested Change: Need a diagram clarification of parameters used. Response: We agree with this suggest change. Each of the three examples will have a corresponding diagram. ------ Bob called for a discussion on the responses. (Some of this occurred during the presentation of the responses above.) Bob suggested we modify the response to Comment 1 to refer to BIRD59.1: From: Response: We agree with this suggest change. We will add an illustration or illustrations to clarify the meaning of the subparameters. To: Response: We agree with this suggest change. We will add an illustrations according to changes documented in BIRD59.1 During the presentation of the responses above, we discussed the Cisco Systems Comment 3 response. Michael Cohen indicated that we had discussed this at the last meeting and heard the suggestion that we add to the response that we are adding a note to the text. The original response above is: Response: No change will be made. Reason: While we agree with the intent of the suggestion, the document intends to illustrate only the syntax or portions thereof. Adding two more tables would be redundant. Complete examples and guidelines are contained in other documents. We opened the discussion as to what kind of note should be added. One suggestion was to state that four waveforms are required. Bob noted that this was not a syntax requirement and there are cases (even with CMOS buffers that four waveforms may not be needed). Matthew Flora suggested listing the exceptions such as for Open* and ECL technologies. Chris Rokusek stated that there could be a reference to the Cookbook. He also favored moving the "Notes on Data Derivation" section to the Cookbook at some future release. Bob indicated that we could also move the details into the related keyword definition sections. The Cookbook is not a finished document, so Bob felt it is inappropriate to make a reference to it. D.C. Sessions proposed a statement that four waveforms may be necessary for accurate models. After more discussion and refining the wording, we agreed to revise the response to the one below: Response: We will comply with the intent of the Suggest Change by adding the following note in the [Rising Waveform], [Falling Waveform] keyword section: | NOTE: In most cases two [Rising Waveform] tables and two | [Falling Waveform] tables will be necessary for accurate | modeling. Reason: While we agree with the intent of the suggestion, the document intends to illustrate only the syntax or portions thereof. Adding two more tables would be redundant. Complete examples and guidelines are contained in other documents. Bob also wanted to modify the response to Comment 4 to reference pending BIRD60: From: Response: We agree with this suggest change. Each of the three examples will have a corresponding diagram. To: Response: We agree with this suggest change. Each of the three examples will have a corresponding diagram according to changes documented in BIRD60. Bob called for a vote on the Cisco responses, as changed above. The responses as amended were approved by unanimous vote. SIQUAL, INC. LETTER BALLOT COMMENTS AND DRAFT RESPONSES Bob Ross reviewed the letter ballot comments and draft responses from Siqual, Inc. They are listed below and were issued on the IBIS reflector a a few days ago. Therefore they are open for discussion, but not for a vote. ----- SiQual: 1 Editorial Reference: Section 3, "GENERAL SYNTAX RULES AND GUIDELINES", paragraph 1 Suggested Change: Change From: | 1) The content of the files is case sensitive, except for reserved | words and keywords. File names must be all lower case. To (delete last sentence): | 1) The content of the files is case sensitive, except for reserved | words and keywords. Rationale: The file name restriction is redundant, and should be covered only in paragraph 3, which pertains to file names. Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. SiQual: 2 Editorial Reference: Section 3, "GENERAL SYNTAX RULES AND GUIDELINES", paragraph 3 Suggested Change: Change From: | 3) File names used in the IBIS file must only have lower case characters to | enhance UNIX compatibility. File names should have a basename of no | more than twenty characters followed by a period, followed by a file | name extension of no more than three characters. File names must not | contain characters that are illegal in DOS. To: (shorten first sentence, replace third sentence) | 3) File names used in the IBIS file must only have lower case characters. | File names should have a basename of no more than twenty characters | followed by a period ('.') , followed by a file name extension of no | more than three characters. The file name and extension must use | characters from the set (space, ' ', 0x20 is not included): | | A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z | a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z | 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 _ ^ $ ~ ! # % & - { } ) ( @ ' ` | | The file name and extension are recommended to be lower case on | systems that support such names. Rationale: 1) References to specific software or products is not precise. 2) The phrase "to enhance UNIX compatibility" is wrong. 3) The phrase "illegal in DOS" is not defined. 4) The "golden parser" code allows the following characters in file names The allowed character set is currently defined by the "golden parser" as (the space character, ' ', 0x20 is not included): A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 _ ^ $ ~ ! # % & - { } ) ( @ ' ` . Note: the illegal characters are therefore: SP(0x20) " * + , / : ; < = > ? [ \ ] | DEL(0x7F) The period '.' should not be allowed, as it is specified as the file name/extension delimiter. 5) From "hdr.c" (part of the "golden parser", no version info in file) /* DOS restrictions */ if (!isalpha(*pc) && !isdigit(*pc) && (*pc != '_') && (*pc != '^') && (*pc != '$') && (*pc != '~') && (*pc != '!') && (*pc != '#') && (*pc != '%') && (*pc != '&') && (*pc != '-') && (*pc != '{') && (*pc != '}') && (*pc != ')') && (*pc != '(') && (*pc != '@') && (*pc != '\'') && (*pc != '`') && (*pc != '.')) { ERRLOG_LineError( "File_name '%s' contains a character '%c' that is illegal for DOS.", pHdr->sFile_name, *pc); } Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. SiQual: 3 Editorial Reference: Section 3, Section 3, "GENERAL SYNTAX RULES AND GUIDELINES", paragraph 6 Suggested Change: Change From: | 6) Keywords must be enclosed in square brackets, [], and must start in | column 1 of the line. To: (add additional sentences) | 6) Keywords must be enclosed in square brackets, [], and must start in | column 1 of the line. No space or tab is allowed after the opening | bracket '[' or before the closing bracket ']'. If used, only one | space (' ') or underscore ('_') character separates the parts of a | multi-word keyword. Rationale: This is not specified by the standard, but is enforced by the "golden parser." If required, this behavior should be spelled out in the standard. Response: We agree with this Suggested Change, but with the following additional clarifications: Change "after" to "immediately after" and "before" to "immediately before". SiQual: 4 Editorial Reference: Section 3, "GENERAL SYNTAX RULES AND GUIDELINES", paragraph 14 Suggested Change: Change From: | 14) Only ASCII characters, as defined in ANSI Standard X3.4-1986, may be | used in an IBIS file. The use of characters with codes greater than | hexadecimal 0x7F is not allowed. Also, ASCII control characters | (those numerically less than hexadecimal 20) are not allowed, except | for tabs or in a line termination sequence. As mentioned in item 10 | above, the use of tab characters is discouraged. To: (change second sentence) | . . . The use of characters with codes greater than | hexadecimal 0x7E is not allowed. . . . Rationale: The ASCII character DEL (0x7F) is not consistently implemented across systems. It is often non-printable, and when printed, is not the same on different systems. Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. SiQual: 5 Editorial Reference: Section 4, "FILE HEADER INFORMATION", Keyword: [File Name] Suggested Change: Change From: | Usage Rules: The file name must not be longer than 24 characters (including | the extension). The file name must not use characters that | are illegal in DOS. In addition, the file name must be all | lower case, and use the extension ".ibs". The file name must | be the actual name of the file. To: (replace first two sentences, change third sentence) | Usage Rules: The file name must conform to the rules in paragraph 3 of | Section 3, "GENERAL SYNTAX RULES AND GUIDELINES." In | addition, the file name must use the extension ".ibs", | ".pkg", or ".ebd". The file name must be the actual | name of the file. Rationale: 1) File naming rules must be consistent and defined only in one place. Specifically, Section 3, "GENERAL SYNTAX RULES AND GUIDELINES" para 1: defines case of file names as all lower (this should move to para 3) para 3: defines filename length and format as twenty character name + period + three character extension 2) To be consistent with Section 7, "PACKAGE MODELING" and section 8, "ELECTRICAL BOARD DESCRIPTION", the ".pkg" and ".ebd" must be allowed. Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. SiQual: 6 Editorial Reference: Section 4, "FILE HEADER INFORMATION", Keyword: [Comment Char] Suggested Change: Change From: | Usage Rules: The new comment character to be defined must be followed by | the underscore character and the letters "char". For example: | "|_char" redundantly redefines the comment character to be | the pipe character. The new comment character is in effect | only following the [Comment Char] keyword. The following | characters MAY NOT be used: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P | Q R S T U V W X Y Z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u | v w x y z 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 [ ] . _ / = + - To: (change last sentence) | . . . The following | characters MAY be used: | | ! " # $ % & ' * , : ; < > ? @ ^ ` | ~ Rationale: 1) For clarity, definition of a limited set of characters should be terms of those allowed, not those disallowed. 2) Based on the current wording and paragraph 14 of section three, the allowed [Comment Char] list is (ASCII hex shown first): | 20 SP | 21 ! | 22 " | 23 # | 24 $ | 25 % | 26 & | 27 ' | | 28 ( | 29 ) | 2A * | | 2C , | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3A : | 3B ; | 3C < | | 3E > | 3F ? | | 40 @ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 5C \ | | 5E ^ | | | 60 ` | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 7B { | 7C | | 7D } | 7E ~ | 7F DEL| Of this list: 0x20 'SP' - is wrong 0x7F 'DEL' - is inconsistently implemented across systems 0x5C '\' - is commonly used as an escape meta-character 0x28 '(', 0x29 ')' - paired delimiters should be reserved for future 0x7B '(', 0x7D ')' use by the standard 3) The "golden parser" program 'ibischk3' implements per the standard: From "parse.c" (part of the "golden parser", no version info in file) /* list of chars that cannot be the comment char */ static char gpcBadCommChars[] = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[]._/=+-"; Response: We that the permitted comment characters should be listed as suggested. However, since the `\', `(', `)', `{', and `}' characters are already permitted by the standard and by the ibischk3 parser code, we are including them in the list. We may consider reducing the number of permitted comment characters in IBIS Version 4.0. The amended list is | ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * , : ; < > ? @ \ ^ ` { | } ~ SiQual: 7 Editorial Reference: Section 5, "COMPONENT DESCRIPTION"; [Component] keyword, Sub-Param Usage Rules, paragraph 3 Suggested Change: Change From: | . . . The default location is at the 'Pin'. | However, the 'Die' location is also available for either or | and both subparameters. To (shorten existing second sentence, then insert new second sentence): | . . . Allowed values for either sub-parameter | are 'Die' or 'Pin'. The default location is at the 'Pin'. Rationale: Clarification of wording. Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. SiQual: 8 Editorial Reference: Section 6a, "ADD SUBMODEL DESCRIPTION"; sub-section "SUBMODEL:", paragraph 4 Suggested Change: Change From: < Move paragraph 4 and list of keywords to the [Submodel] keyword description > | The following set of keywords that are defined under the [Model] keyword are | support by the [Submodel] keyword: | | [Pulldown] | [Pullup] | [GND Clamp] | [POWER Clamp] | [Ramp] | [Rising Waveform] | [Falling Waveform] To (correct spelling of "supported" in first sentence, add new paragraph): | The only required subparameter in [Submodel] is Submodel_type to define the | list of submodel types. The other subparameters under [Model] are not | permitted under the [Submodel] keyword. | | The following set of keywords that are defined under the [Model] keyword are | supported by the [Submodel] keyword: | | [Pulldown] | [Pullup] | [GND Clamp] | [POWER Clamp] | [Ramp] | [Rising Waveform] | [Falling Waveform] | At least one of the [Pulldown], [Pullup], [GND Clamp], [POWER Clamp] is < | required. If the [Submodel] describes a driver, the [Ramp] keyword is < | required. < Rationale: The initial text is redundant, since the proper location is in the [Submodel] keyword description. The additional paragraph stipulates that some reason must exist for a [Submodel] definition. Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. SiQual: 9 Editorial Reference: Section 6a, "ADD SUBMODEL DESCRIPTION"; keyword [Submodel]; Sub-Param Usage Rules, paragraph _ Suggested Change: Change From: | . . . The | submodel name must match the one that is listed under the | [Add Submodel] To (in second sentence, change "under the" to "under a"): | . . . The | submodel name must match the one that is listed under a | [Add Submodel] keyword . . . Rationale: The wording is not correct. Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. ----- Bob asked for discussion. (Some of this discussion occurred during the review of all of the comments.) On Siqual Comment 2, Matthew Flora and Stephen Peters stated that the reason for the change is lost. Matthew Flora and Stephen Peters stated that the reason for the change is lost regarding compatibility with DOS and UNIX systems. After some discussion, Stephen proposed and initial clause that provide the reason for using lower case characters. In the Suggested Change, uppercase characters are also listed (as they exist in the ibischk3 code. The parser accepts them for file names (as they would exist in DOS systems, but finds them illegal elsewhere if they are used as a [File Name] argument. Michael Cohen mentioned this can occur in other systems as well. We agreed to remove the uppercase characters since the intent is to specify what is allowed--a transportable, legal [File Name] argument--not how the file is actually stored. Bob mentioned that since we are not voting on this, the comment provider has an opportunity to review the change. With these two changes, the response is changed: From: Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. To: Response: We will make a similar Suggested Change, but with some changes. An introductory phrase is added to give in a more general sense the reason for the choice of characters. Also the uppercase set of characters are removed. | 3) To facilitate portability between operating systems, file names used in | the IBIS file must only have lower case characters. File names should | have a basename of no more than twenty characters followed by a period | ('.') , followed by a file name extension of no more than three | characters. The file name and extension must use characters from the | set (space, ' ', 0x20 is not included): | | a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z | 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 _ ^ $ ~ ! # % & - { } ) ( @ ' ` | | The file name and extension are recommended to be lower case on | systems that support such names. Bob stated the he initially propose agreeing with the Suggested Change for Comment 8. However, he is now proposing a revised response after looking at the Suggested Change closer. He now proposes changing the response: From: Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. To: Response: We agree with some of the Suggested Changes and will make a related editorial correction. We do not plan to move the set of keywords, as suggested since it would destroy the context of some other paragraphs. We did not add the last paragraph, as suggested. Instead we add a sentence in the last paragraph to refer to other sections for specific details on what is required. The proposed revision follows from the suggestions above until the end of the section are as follows (|* lines indicate changes or additions): | The only required subparameter in [Submodel] is Submodel_type to define the |*list of submodel types. No subparameters under [Model] are permitted under |*the [Submodel] keyword. | | The following set of keywords that are defined under the [Model] keyword are |*supported by the [Submodel] keyword: | | [Pulldown] | [Pullup] | [GND Clamp] | [POWER Clamp] | [Ramp] | [Rising Waveform] | [Falling Waveform] | | The [Voltage Range], [Pullup Reference], [Pulldown Reference], [GND Clamp | Reference], and [POWER Clamp Reference] keywords are not permitted. The | voltage settings are inherited from the top-level model. | | These additional keywords are used only for the [Submodel] are documented | in this section: | | [Submodel Spec] | [GND Pulse Table] | [POWER Pulse Table] | | The application of these keywords depends upon the Submodel_type entries | listed below: | | Dynamic_clamp | Bus_hold | | Permitted keywords that are not defined for any of these submodel types are |*ignored. The rules for what set of keywords are required are found under |*the Dynamic Clamp and Bus Hold headings of this section. Reason: The second sentence in the first paragraph made a reference to common subparameters. This no longer exists and the wording is corrected. The top-level description in the SUBMODEL: section gives details of other keywords as well, and removing this "redundant" section would destroy to context of the descriptions. In the [Submodel] keyword description, the list of permitted keyword are given in the "Other Notes:" section. However the rules for what is required depend on the Submodel_type selection and are discussed later. Bob also proposed a minor editorial revision concerning Comment 9 which changed the response: From: Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. To: Response: We agree with this Suggested Change with the following modifications or additions: Change "a" to "an" and also add "a" to similar text for the [Model] keyword on page 20. As previously stated, Bob plans to reopen the discussion of these responses for consideration and vote at the next meeting. However, he will include the revised responses in the uploaded unofficial IBIS Version 3.2 documents. OTHER COMMENTS ON IBIS VERSION 3.2 Bob noticed that the reference to 10 BIRDs on page 6 concerning the ver3_2.ibs changes did not define BIRD. Michael Cohen corrected Bob by indicating that BIRD was define regarding the ver3_0.ibs changes. Bob withdrew the statement. ([Later, made other changes in the statement to bring it up to date.] Bob noted other discussion with Ian Dodd concerning some EBD details. Ian had raised concern that the eight character limit may be a problem with a board with multiple connectors. He also had asked how it was handled when an EBD plugs into a ground plane. Also he had raised the question whether loops are supported. We briefly mentioned each of these, but did not have time for extended discussion. Bob also noted some discussions based on a question from Matthew Flora concerning whether the [Driver Schedule] can reference a [Model Selector] name. The authors did not intend for this to be allowed, but it was not clear in the document. Bob asked if any of these issues would prevent delaying the IBIS Version 3.2 formal ratification, and the response by Ian and Matthew was no. Bob noted that we can still discuss these at the next meeting and would be open to minor editorial changes at that time. Time ran out before the remaining items were discussed. ACCURACY SPECIFICATION DISCUSSION Not discussed. Bob indicated earlier that this would be deferred until next meeting if we ran out of time. BUG34 - NO ERROR REPORTED FOR MISSING V/I TABLE IN OUTPUT BUFFERS Not discussed. Matthew Flora's AR is still open. AR - Matthew Flora issue a revised BUG34 to document the conditions where Warning messages are issued. BUG36 - RESERVE WORDS ERROR FOR PIN MAPPING AND SERIES PIN MAPPING Not discussed. BUG37 - PIN MAPPING FOR UNIQUE GND AND POWER PIN GENERATES ERROR Not discussed. INPUT SPECIFICATION Not discussed. CONNECTOR PROPOSAL STATUS Not discussed. NUMBER OF POINTS IN VT TABLE Not discussed. SIGNAL INTEGRITY REFLECTOR RECENT DISCUSSIONS - IBIS Version 3.2 Support - I/O Edge Rates - Odd/Even Mode - Simplifying Spice Models Not discussed. NEXT MEETING: The next teleconference meeting will be on Friday, August 20, 1999 from 8:00 AM to 10:00 AM. Votes on BIRD59.1 and BIRD60 and responses to the Siqual letter ballot comments are scheduled. Also, a vote on the release of the revised IBIS Version 3.2 document is scheduled. ============================================================================ == NOTES IBIS CHAIR: Bob Ross (503) 685-0732, Fax (503) 685-4897 bob_ross@mentor.com Modeling Engineer, Mentor Graphics 8005 S.W. Boeckman Road, Wilsonville, OR 97070 VICE CHAIR: Stephen Peters (503) 264-4108, Fax: (503) 264-4515 sjpeters@ichips.intel.com Senior Hardware Engineer, Intel Corporation M/S JF1-56 2111 NE 25th Ave. Hillsboro, OR 97124-5961 SECRETARY: Guy de Burgh (805) 988-8250, Fax: (805) 988-8259 gdeburgh@viewlogic.com Senior Manager, Viewlogic Systems 1369 Del Norte Rd. Camarillo, CA 93010-8437 LIBRARIAN: Jon Powell (805) 988-8250, Fax: (805) 988-8259 jonp@qdt.com Senior Scientist, Viewlogic Systems 1385 Del Norte Rd. Camarillo, CA 93010 WEBMASTER: Syed Huq (408) 525-3399, Fax: (408) 526-5504 shuq@cisco.com Signal Integrity Engineer, Cisco Systems 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA 95134-1706 POSTMASTER: Matthew Flora (425) 869-2320, Fax: (425) 881-1008 mbflora@hyperlynx.com Senior Engineer, HyperLynx, Inc. 17641 NE 67th Court Redmond, WA 98052 This meeting was conducted in accordance with the EIA Legal Guides and EIA Manual of Organization and Procedure. The following e-mail addresses are used: ibis-request@eda.org To join, change, or drop from either the IBIS Open Forum Reflector (ibis@eda.org), the IBIS Users' Group Reflector (ibis-users@eda.org) or both. State your request. ibis-info@eda.org To obtain general information about IBIS, to ask specific questions for individual response, and to inquire about joining the EIA-IBIS Open Forum as a full Member. ibis@eda.org To send a message to the general IBIS Open Forum Reflector. This is used mostly for IBIS Standardization business and future IBIS technical enhancements. Job posting information is not permitted. ibis-users@eda.org To send a message to the IBIS Users' Group Reflector. This is used mostly for IBIS clarification, current modeling issues, and general user concerns. Job posting information is not permitted. ibischk-bug@eda.org To report ibischk2/3 parser bugs. The Bug Report Form Resides on eda.org in /pub/ibis/bugs/ibischk/bugform.txt along with reported bugs. To report s2ibis, s2ibis2 and s2iplt bugs, use the Bug Report Forms which reside under eda.org in /pub/ibis/bugs/s2ibis/bugs2i.txt, /pub/ibis/bugs/s2ibis2/bugs2i2.txt, & /pub/ibis/bugs/s2iplt/bugsplt.txt respectively. Information on IBIS technical contents, IBIS participants, and actual IBIS models are available on the IBIS Home page found by selecting the Electronic Information Group under: http://www.eia.org Check the pub/ibis directory on eda.org for more information on previous discussions and results. You can get on via FTP anonymous. ============================================================================ == From owner-ibis Tue Aug 10 14:38:18 1999 Received: from chi6-1.relay.mail.uu.net (chi6-1.relay.mail.uu.net [199.171.54.98]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id OAA02699 for ; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 14:38:17 -0700 (PDT) Received: from wodc7-1.uucp-gw.mail.uu.net by chi6sosrv11.alter.net with ESMTP (peer crosschecked as: wodc7-1.uucp-gw.mail.uu.net [199.171.54.178]) id QQhbsg00075 for ; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 21:31:56 GMT Received: from uucp1.uu.net by wodc7ug0.ffx.ops.us.uu.net with SMTP (peer crosschecked as: uucp1.uu.net [192.48.96.81]) id QQhbsg16916 for ; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 21:31:56 GMT Received: from qdt.UUCP by uucp1.uu.net with UUCP/RMAIL ; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 17:31:55 -0400 Received: from camarillo.viewlogic.com (b1b) by qdt.viewlogic.com (4.1/SMI-4.1) id AA02630; Tue, 10 Aug 99 14:33:25 PDT Received: from f22.viewlogic.com by camarillo.viewlogic.com (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id OAA13927; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 14:33:23 -0700 Date: Tue, 10 Aug 1999 14:33:23 -0700 From: guy@camarillo.viewlogic.com Message-Id: <199908102133.OAA13927@camarillo.viewlogic.com> To: ibis@eda.org Subject: EIA IBIS Open Forum Meeting Minutes 8/6/99 DATE: 8/10/99 SUBJECT: 8/6/99 EIA IBIS Open Forum Meeting Minutes VOTING MEMBERS AND 1999 PARTICIPANTS LIST: AMP (Martin Freedman) Applied Simulation Technology Raj Raghuram*, Norio Matsui, Neven Orhanovic, Fred Ballesteri Avanti Nikolai Bannov Cadence Design Mike LaBonte* Cisco Systems Syed Huq Compaq Bob Haller*, Steve Coe, Shafir Rahman, Maher Elasad Cypress (Rajesh Manapat) EMC Corporation Fabrizio Zanella Fairchild Semiconductor [Peter LaFlamme], Craig Klem H.A.S. Electronics (Haruny Said) Hewlett Packard (EEsof, etc.) Paul Gregory, Henry Wu High Design Technology Razvan Ene HyperLynx (& Pads Software) Matthew Flora*, Kellee Crisafulli, Lynne Green, John Angulo* IBM Greg Edlund, Michael Cohen*, Praven Patel Incases Olaf Rethmeier, Werner Rissiek, David Eagles, Wilhelm Arnoldi, Ulrich Losch Intel Corporation Stephen Peters*, Arpad Muranyi*, Frank Kern, Martin Chang, Dave Moxley, Kerry Nelson, Jeff Day, Richard Mellitz, Peter Liou, Will Hobbs, Henri Maramis LSI Logic (Symbios Logic) Scott King Mentor Graphics Bob Ross*, Mohamed Mahmoud, Sherif Hammad, Jean Oudinot, Markku Kukkanen, Martin Groeber, Karine Loudet, Hisham Gamal, Evgeny Wasserman Mitsubishi (Tam Cao) Motorola (Ron Werner) National Semiconductor Milt Schwartz North East Systems Associates Edward Sayre, Michael Baxter, Kathy Breda NEC (Hiroshi Matsumoto) Philips Semiconductor Todd Andersen, Peter Christiaans Quantic EMC (Mike Ventham) Siemens Bernhard Unger, Christian Mitschke, Manfred Maurer, Peter Kaiser, Wolfram Meyer, Gerald Bannert, Harmut Ibowski, Katja Zuleeg, Hans Pichlmaier, Eckhard Lenski, Kortheuer Udo, Christian Sporrer SiQual Scott McMorrow Texas Instruments Jean-Claude Perrin, Shankar Balasubramaniah, Ramzi Ammar, Thomas Fisher Thomson-CSF (Jean Lebrun) Time Domain Analysis Systems Dima Smolyansky Viewlogic Systems Chris Rokusek*, Guy de Burgh*, Cary Mandel, (Jon Powell) VeriBest Ian Dodd* VLSI Technology D.C. Sessions* Zuken-Redac (John Berrie) OTHER PARTICIPANTS IN 1999: 3Dfx Interactive Ken Wu Actel Corporation Silvia Montoya Alcatel Steven Criel Analytical Edge Robert Easson Applied Microelectronics Brian Sanderson BMW Friedrich Haslinger Bogatin Enterprise Eric Bogatin Bosch Telecom Detlef Wolf Celestica Danny Da Silva ECI Telecom Daniel Adar EIA [Patti Rusher], Cecilia Fleming*, Dan Heinemeier Electronique Catherine Gross EFM Consulting Ekkehard Miersch FCI John Ellis Hitachi ULSI Hideki Fukuda Infineon Thomas Latzel Intracon Design Mike Osmond Litton Systems Robert Bremer Matsushita Atsuji Itoh Molex Incorporated Gus Panella Nortel Networks Martin Hall (& at Viewlogic), Calvin Trowell Oce Printing Systems Ernst Deiringer Praegitzer Design Rick Newell Rockwell Collins Susan Tweeton, Ron Hau Samsung Jung-Gun Byun, Cheol-Seung Choi Shindengen Tsuyoshi Horigome Signals & Systems Engineering Tom Hawkins STMicroelectronics Fabrice Boissieres, Philippe LeFevre StorageTek Nick Krull Sun Microsystems Victor Chang, Kevin Ko Tektronix Tom Brinkoetter Teradyne Mikhail Khusid VDOL Robert Novosel Xilinx Susan Wu (Unaffiliated, Retired) Bruce Wenniger In the list above, attendees at the meeting are indicated by *. Principal members or other active members who have not attended are in parentheses. Participants who no longer are in the organization are in square brackets. Upcoming Meetings: The bridge numbers for future IBIS teleconferences are as follows: Date Bridge Number Reservation # Passcode August 20, 1999 (916) 356-9200 8-34300 1159828 All meetings are 8:00 AM to 9:55 AM Pacific Time. We try to have agendas out 7 days before each Open Forum and meeting minutes out within 7 days after. When you call into the meeting, ask for the IBIS Open Forum hosted by Will Hobbs and give the reservation number and passcode. NOTE: "AR" = Action Required. -------------------------------- MINUTES ------------------------------------- INTRODUCTIONS AND MEETING QUORUM John Angulo from HyperLynx is on the simulator team and wants to learn about IBIS. Bob Ross noted that we probably have been in compliance with formal EIA committee quorum requirements since the quorum is based on actual company participation at meetings. We have had a core group of about twelve to fifteen companies, so the actual quorum needed is about seven or eight member companies to conduct formal business. MEMBERSHIP UPDATE AND TREASURER'S REPORT Bob stated that we will start the process of updating the Roster page and also at the same time get the names of the primary and secondary representatives for each Member company, as required by EIA. Guy de Burgh will work with Syed Huq and assist in this process. REVIEW OF MINUTES AND AR'S Bob Ross made a change in the uploaded July 23, 1999 Minutes in response to a correction from Michael Cohen. Bob changed "whamming" to "WANning" as the abbreviation for Wide Area Network. The revised text in this section of last meetings Minutes is shown below: Bob Ross asked Michael Cohen whether he needed the clarification about "WANning" related to the s2ibis2/3 discussion in the May 28, 1999 IBIS Minutes. Michael stated that he did not think this was necessary since he had already sent a clarification statement to the IBIS reflector. The IBIS Minutes of May 28, 1999 were approved without modification. With this correction, the July 23, 1999 Minutes were approved. Bob noted that work is being done, but the following AR's in this section are still open: AR - Bob Ross and Cecilia Fleming research what is needed to align the IBIS bylaws with EP-20. AR - Bob Ross and Cecilia write position definitions for the new positions of Webmaster and Postmaster. Other AR's will be discussed during the meeting. MISCELLANY/ANNOUNCEMENTS None. PRESS AND WEB PAGE UPDATES None. NEW MODELS AVAILABLE, LIBRARY UPDATE None. OPENS FOR NEW ISSUES Bob Ross on BIRD59 - Model Spec Diagrams Bob Ross on BIRD60 - Electrical Board Description Diagrams Bob Ross on Other Version 3.2 Proposed Changes INTERNATIONAL/EXTERNAL PROGRESS - IEC 62014-1 (IBIS Version 2.1) - Cecilia Fleming reported that the comment responses to the letter ballot were sent to IEC. She does not expect a response for about three weeks. - pr EIAJ ED-5302 Standard for I/O Interface Model for Integrated Circuits (IMIC) - Bob Ross had no further report. - IEC 93/67/NP IBIS and EMC Simulation - Bob Ross had no further report - JC-16.2 Subcommittee: Modeling and Test - D.C. Sessions had no further report. ANSI LETTER BALLOT REPORT ON IBIS VERSION 3.2 Cecilia Fleming reported that the balloting period closed on August 3, 1999. No comments were received. This means that ANSI will approve the revised Version 3.2 document. She also commented as reported in the July 23, 1999 Minutes that the EIA letter ballot vote was 18 Yes and 0 No. Five Yes votes had comments. Once the comments are addressed, the acceptance process of IBIS Version 3.2 as EIA-656-A and then as ANSI/EIA-656-A is just a matter of sending the comment responses and revised document. S2IBIS3 COMMITTEE REPORT Michael Cohen reported that the next task group meeting is scheduled on Friday, August 13, 1999 and asked Bob Ross to get the teleconference bridge. IBIS (EAST) USERS GROUP MEETINGS Bob Ross reported that an initial notice should be sent in mid to late August 1999 for the meeting on October 14, 1999 in Marlborough, MA. Planning will begin after Kathy Breda returns from vacation. COOKBOOK STATUS Stephen Peters had no report. IBIS MODEL REVIEW COMMITTEE DISCUSSION Matthew Flora may send out the new model he received depending upon the type of review needed. BIRD59 - MODEL SPEC DIAGRAMS Bob Ross introduced BIRD59 to deal with two letter ballot comments on SP-4557 to be discussed later. Since the comments involved diagrams and minor text corrections, the BIRD process is followed to provide formal review of the proposed changes. Bob indicated he plans to issue BIRD59.1 to refine one of the diagrams. Also, the letter ballot responses will reference BIRD59.1. Matthew Flora raised the issue that he was still confused with how the hysteresis input is supposed to switch. Bob noted that the "x" point on the rising waveform and falling waveform indicated the minimum and maximum switching points for each edge. This was not noted on the diagram since text graphics can get very complicated with too much information. Raj Raghuram suggested adding another Input/Output switching diagram that is typically found in data books for clarification. D.C. Sessions suggested a table which is easier to produce. Bob indicated that he really did not want to get to bogged down in adding added diagrams or technical explanations. Hysteresis type inputs are well-known in industry, particularly with respect to ASIC input buffers. They are to as Schmitt trigger inputs. Bob also noted that the example provides some further information. Bob suggested that we add a reference to Schmitt triggers to help clarify this section. Bob will issue immediate BIRD59.1 with implementation of the above changes for further review and a planned vote at the next IBIS meeting. AR - Bob Ross issue BIRD59.1 with the changes discussed by August 6, 1999. [Done] BIRD60 - ELECTRICAL BOARD DESCRIPTION DIAGRAMS Bob Ross introduced BIRD60 to deal with a letter ballot comment on SP-4557 to be discussed later. BIRD60 formally documents for review the three diagrams that are planned to illustrate the EBD paths in the example. We plan to vote on BIRD60. The letter ballot response will reference BIRD60. SP-4557 LETTER BALLOT COMMENTS Bob Ross commented that based on the formal votes at the July 23, 1999 meeting, formal letter ballot responses to comments on SP-4557 have been sent to Mentor Graphics and to Anigma, Inc. Cecilia Fleming stated that she has received copies. Draft responses to comments from Intel Corporation and Cisco Systems were also discussed at the July 23, 1999 meeting. Since they contained many more items and were sent out only days before the meeting, Bob did not call for a vote on the responses. Bob stated that the plan for this meeting was to do the following: Review, discuss and vote on the Intel Corporation responses Review, discuss and vote on the Cisco Systems responses Review and discuss the SiQual, Inc. proposed responses that have just been distributed on the IBIS reflector will be in these Minutes. The final discussion and vote on the responses will be scheduled for the next meeting. Discuss any other (minor) editorial comments and corrections on IBIS Version 3.2. Based on the results of this meeting, Bob plans to upload two documents for review by August 6, 1999 to provide a two week review period before the next meeting. These documents will be in the Work in Progress directory: http://www.eda.org/pub/ibis/ ver3_2g.ibs - UNOFFICIAL draft document of IBIS Version 3.2 showing the changes based on responses we have approved and also based on the SiQual responses we have discussed and other pending responses to be approved. ver3_2.ibs - UNOFFICIAL draft document of the release document that has the changes shown in the ver3_2g.ibs document implemented. Bob asked Arpad Muranyi to then provide as soon as possible an Acrobat formatted UNOFFICIAL draft ver3_2.pdf document for review. Bob also plans to upload this more readable version of the ver3_2.ibs document in the Work in Progress directory for review. The review will give us an opportunity to make minor editorial corrections on these prior to a formal scheduled for the next meeting. BIRD59.1 and BIRD60 just discussed will also be voted on. AR - Bob Ross upload the UNOFFICIAL ver3_2g.ibs and ver3_2.ibs in the http://www.eda.org/pub/ibis/wip/ directory by August 6, 1999. [Done] AR - Arpad Muranyi produce the UNOFFICIAL ver3_2.pdf document and Bob Ross upload it as soon as possible in the http://www.eda.org/pub/ibis/wip/ directory. INTEL CORPORATION LETTER BALLOT RESPONSES Bob Ross reviewed the letter ballot comments and draft responses from Intel Corporation. They are listed below, as given in the July 23, 1999 Minutes: ------ Intel: 1 Editorial Suggested Change: Remove any reference to "tab" in the phrase "must be separated by at least one white space or tab character". This occurs throughout the document. Response: We agree with this suggest change. Only "white space" will be used. Also, in some locations a subsequent sentence related to not recommending using the "tab" character will be removed since it is now out of context. Note: This text has existed since Version 1.1. Intel: 2 Editorial Reference: Page 42 Suggested Change: Is [Add Submodel] the only keyword that is position dependent (within the file). This seems ugly. This keyword should contain an explicit reference to the top level model. Response: No change will be made. Reason: The paragraph referenced below states that the [Add Submodel] keyword can be positioned anywhere among the keywords after the initial subparameters of the [Model] keyword. This is consistent with all of the other keywords under [Model] with the exception of the [Model Spec] keyword. Since the [Model Spec] keyword describes subparameters, it is positioned after the list of subparameters. The syntax checker ibischk3 detects only the position of [Model Spec]. It accepts [Add Submodel] in any location under [Model]. For reference the confusing paragraph is stated below: | When special-purpose functional detail is needed, the top-level model can | call one or more submodels. The [Add Submodel] keyword is positioned | after the initial set of required and optional subparameters of the [Model] | keyword and among the keywords under [Model]. | There is no need to explicitly reference the top-level model since [Add Submodel] is a keyword positioned within that specific [Model]. Intel: 3 Editorial Reference: Page 11 Suggested Change: Last sentence of the Usage Rules section of the [Component] description appears to have a typo.. remove the word 'and'. Response: We agree with this suggest change. The word "and" will be deleted. Intel: 4 Editorial Reference: Page 20 Suggested Change: The last sentence in the introductory paragraph of usage rules is redundant and should be removed. Sentence begins "Model names with reserved...". Response: We agree with this suggest change. The redundant sentence will be deleted. Also, the document format for that paragraph which contains shortened lines will be fixed. Note: This text has existed since Version 1.1. Intel: 5 Editorial Reference: Page 23 Suggested Change: When describing the Vinh, Vinl rules and the typ column, clarify if the typ column either does or doesn't override that declared elsewhere. The phrase "would be expected to" isn't clear at all. Response: We agree with this observation. The words "would be expected to" are deleted since the intent is to describe exactly what subparameters override other subparameters. Intel: 6 Editorial Reference: Page 23 Suggested Change: Delete paragraph about reversing Vinh, Vinl to mimic hysteresis. While this my be true, we have explicit parameters that describe this functionality and we should not document or encourage an alternate method. Response: We agree with this suggest change. The paragraph will be deleted since it also describes an interpretation that has not been standardized. Intel: 7 Editorial Reference: Page 24 Suggested Change: the whole discussion on dynamic and static overshoot is confusing. I can't figure out if static or dynamic overshoot implies an absolute maximum rating or device destruction or what. Not sure how to fix, but this does need to be clarified. Response: We agree with this section may not be clear. We plan to add a figure (in response to another letter ballot comment) to clarify this. Intel: 8 Editorial Suggested Change: Change all "S" to "s" when it is used as the abbreviation for the unit of time as in seconds. Capital "S" stands for the unit of conductance, Siemens, and not time. This should be done also where it appears with prefixes, such as "n" for nano, etc. Rationale: In general, we should follow the official standard spelling rules of units and prefixes everywhere. Response: We agree with this suggest change. We intend to use standardized abbreviations throughout the document. We will correct all occurrences. Intel: 9 Editorial Suggested Change: I found two occurrences of "VI" in an ASCII drawing which should be changed to "IV" to be consistent with the spelling in section 9, "Notes on Data Derivation Method", and BIRD58.2. Rationale: These curves are plotted current verses voltage, and the proper order for the symbols "I" and "V" therefore is IV, not VI. Response: We agree with correcting the problem. We will change the occurrences of VI in the diagram to I-V. We will also change all occurrences of "V/I" and "IV" to "I-V" for consistency. Note: The term "V/I" has existed since Version 1.1. However, we need to provide consistent nomenclature throughout the document. ------ Bob asked for discussion, and there were no issues with these responses. Bob proposed amending the response to Intel Comment 7 to specifically refer to BIRD59.1 as part of the resolution: Change: Response: We agree with this section may not be clear. We plan to add a figure (in response to another letter ballot comment) to clarify this. to Response: We agree that this section may not be clear. We plan to add a figure (in response to another letter ballot comment) to clarify this according to changes documented as BIRD59.1 Bob called for a vote on the Intel responses, as changed above. The responses were approved by a unanimous vote. CISCO SYSTEMS COMMENTS AND DRAFT RESPONSES Bob Ross reviewed the letter ballot comments and draft responses from Cisco Systems. They are listed below, as given in the July 23, 1999 Minutes: ------ Cisco Systems: 1 Editorial Reference: Page 24 Suggested Change: Add a hysteresis diagram showing all the sub-parameters. Rationale: Would clarify usage of Vinh+, Vinh-, Vinl+, Vinl-, S_overshoot_high, S_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_high, D_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_time, Pulse_high, Pulse_low, Pulse_time. Response: We agree with this suggest change. We will add an illustration or illustrations to clarify the meaning of the subparameters. Cisco Systems: 2 Editorial Reference: Page 31 Suggested Change: Change from "..of one note per V/I table if .." to ".. of one warning per V/I table if ..", and change from "Note: Line 300, Pulldown .." to "Warning: Line 300 Pulldown ..". Response: We agree with this suggest change. We will make the changes from "note" to "warning" as suggested. Cisco Systems: 3 Editorial Reference: Page 40-41 Suggested Change: Should provide example with 4 V/T tables instead of the two shown. Model developers are providing 2 V/T tables following the conditions illustrated on Page 40 & 41. Since 4 V/T tables have been discussed extensively in the forum for accuracy reasons, please provide example of all four cases: 1) [Rising waveform] with 50 Ohms to vdd 2) [Rising Waveform] with 50 Ohms to gnd 3) [Falling waveform] with 50 Ohms to vdd 4) [Falling Waveform] with 50 Ohms to gnd. Response: No change will be made. Reason: While we agree with the intent of the suggestion, the document intends to illustrate only the syntax or portions thereof. Adding two more tables would be redundant. Complete examples and guidelines are contained in other documents. Cisco Systems: 4 Editorial Reference: Page 69 Suggested Change: Need a diagram clarification of parameters used. Response: We agree with this suggest change. Each of the three examples will have a corresponding diagram. ------ Bob called for a discussion on the responses. (Some of this occurred during the presentation of the responses above.) Bob suggested we modify the response to Comment 1 to refer to BIRD59.1: from Response: We agree with this suggest change. We will add an illustration or illustrations to clarify the meaning of the subparameters. to Response: We agree with this suggest change. We will add an illustrations according to changes documented in BIRD59.1 During the presentation of the responses above, we discussed the Cisco Systems Comment 3 response. Michael Cohen indicated that we had discussed this at the last meeting and heard the suggestion that we add to the response that we are adding a note to the text. The original response above is: Response: No change will be made. Reason: While we agree with the intent of the suggestion, the document intends to illustrate only the syntax or portions thereof. Adding two more tables would be redundant. Complete examples and guidelines are contained in other documents. We opened the discussion as to what kind of note should be added. One suggestion was to state that four waveforms are required. Bob noted that this was not a syntax requirement and there are cases (even with CMOS buffers that four waveforms may not be needed). Matthew Flora suggested listing the exceptions such as for Open* and ECL technologies. Chris Rokusek stated that there could be a reference to the Cookbook. He also favored moving the "Notes on Data Derivation" section to the Cookbook at some future release. Bob indicated that we could also move the details into the related keyword definition sections. The Cookbook is not a finished document, so Bob felt it is inappropriate to make a reference to it. D.C. Sessions proposed a statement that four waveforms may be necessary for accurate models. After more discussion and refining the wording, we agreed to revise the response to the one below: Response: We will comply with the intent of the Suggest Change by adding the following note in the [Rising Waveform], [Falling Waveform] keyword section: | NOTE: In most cases two [Rising Waveform] tables and two | [Falling Waveform] tables will be necessary for accurate | modeling. Reason: While we agree with the intent of the suggestion, the document intends to illustrate only the syntax or portions thereof. Adding two more tables would be redundant. Complete examples and guidelines are contained in other documents. Bob also wanted to modify the response to Comment 4 to reference pending BIRD60: from Response: We agree with this suggest change. Each of the three examples will have a corresponding diagram. to Response: We agree with this suggest change. Each of the three examples will have a corresponding diagram according to changes documented in BIRD60. Bob called for a vote on the Cisco responses, as changed above. The responses as amended were approved by unanimous vote. SIQUAL, INC. LETTER BALLOT COMMENTS AND DRAFT RESPONSES Bob Ross reviewed the letter ballot comments and draft responses from Siqual, Inc. They are listed below and were issued on the IBIS reflector a a few days ago. Therefore they are open for discussion, but not for a vote. ----- SiQual: 1 Editorial Reference: Section 3, "GENERAL SYNTAX RULES AND GUIDELINES", paragraph 1 Suggested Change: Change From: | 1) The content of the files is case sensitive, except for reserved | words and keywords. File names must be all lower case. To (delete last sentence): | 1) The content of the files is case sensitive, except for reserved | words and keywords. Rationale: The file name restriction is redundant, and should be covered only in paragraph 3, which pertains to file names. Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. SiQual: 2 Editorial Reference: Section 3, "GENERAL SYNTAX RULES AND GUIDELINES", paragraph 3 Suggested Change: Change From: | 3) File names used in the IBIS file must only have lower case characters to | enhance UNIX compatibility. File names should have a basename of no | more than twenty characters followed by a period, followed by a file | name extension of no more than three characters. File names must not | contain characters that are illegal in DOS. To: (shorten first sentence, replace third sentence) | 3) File names used in the IBIS file must only have lower case characters. | File names should have a basename of no more than twenty characters | followed by a period ('.') , followed by a file name extension of no | more than three characters. The file name and extension must use | characters from the set (space, ' ', 0x20 is not included): | | A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z | a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z | 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 _ ^ $ ~ ! # % & - { } ) ( @ ' ` | | The file name and extension are recommended to be lower case on | systems that support such names. Rationale: 1) References to specific software or products is not precise. 2) The phrase "to enhance UNIX compatibility" is wrong. 3) The phrase "illegal in DOS" is not defined. 4) The "golden parser" code allows the following characters in file names The allowed character set is currently defined by the "golden parser" as (the space character, ' ', 0x20 is not included): A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 _ ^ $ ~ ! # % & - { } ) ( @ ' ` . Note: the illegal characters are therefore: SP(0x20) " * + , / : ; < = > ? [ \ ] | DEL(0x7F) The period '.' should not be allowed, as it is specified as the file name/extension delimiter. 5) From "hdr.c" (part of the "golden parser", no version info in file) /* DOS restrictions */ if (!isalpha(*pc) && !isdigit(*pc) && (*pc != '_') && (*pc != '^') && (*pc != '$') && (*pc != '~') && (*pc != '!') && (*pc != '#') && (*pc != '%') && (*pc != '&') && (*pc != '-') && (*pc != '{') && (*pc != '}') && (*pc != ')') && (*pc != '(') && (*pc != '@') && (*pc != '\'') && (*pc != '`') && (*pc != '.')) { ERRLOG_LineError( "File_name '%s' contains a character '%c' that is illegal for DOS.", pHdr->sFile_name, *pc); } Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. SiQual: 3 Editorial Reference: Section 3, Section 3, "GENERAL SYNTAX RULES AND GUIDELINES", paragraph 6 Suggested Change: Change From: | 6) Keywords must be enclosed in square brackets, [], and must start in | column 1 of the line. To: (add additional sentences) | 6) Keywords must be enclosed in square brackets, [], and must start in | column 1 of the line. No space or tab is allowed after the opening | bracket '[' or before the closing bracket ']'. If used, only one | space (' ') or underscore ('_') character separates the parts of a | multi-word keyword. Rationale: This is not specified by the standard, but is enforced by the "golden parser." If required, this behavior should be spelled out in the standard. Response: We agree with this Suggested Change, but with the following additional clarifications: Change "after" to "immediately after" and "before" to "immediately before". SiQual: 4 Editorial Reference: Section 3, "GENERAL SYNTAX RULES AND GUIDELINES", paragraph 14 Suggested Change: Change From: | 14) Only ASCII characters, as defined in ANSI Standard X3.4-1986, may be | used in an IBIS file. The use of characters with codes greater than | hexadecimal 07F is not allowed. Also, ASCII control characters | (those numerically less than hexadecimal 20) are not allowed, except | for tabs or in a line termination sequence. As mentioned in item 10 | above, the use of tab characters is discouraged. To: (change second sentence) | . . . The use of characters with codes greater than | hexadecimal 07E is not allowed. . . . Rationale: The ASCII character DEL (0x7F) is not consistently implemented across systems. It is often non-printable, and when printed, is not the same on different systems. Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. SiQual: 5 Editorial Reference: Section 4, "FILE HEADER INFORMATION", Keyword: [File Name] Suggested Change: Change From: | Usage Rules: The file name must not be longer than 24 characters (including | the extension). The file name must not use characters that | are illegal in DOS. In addition, the file name must be all | lower case, and use the extension ".ibs". The file name must | be the actual name of the file. To: (replace first two sentences, change third sentence) | Usage Rules: The file name must conform to the rules in paragraph 3 of | Section 3, "GENERAL SYNTAX RULES AND GUIDELINES." In | addition, the file name must use the extension ".ibs", | ".pkg", or ".ebd". The file name must be the actual | name of the file. Rationale: 1) File naming rules must be consistent and defined only in one place. Specifically, Section 3, "GENERAL SYNTAX RULES AND GUIDELINES" para 1: defines case of file names as all lower (this should move to para 3) para 3: defines filename length and format as twenty character name + period + three character extension 2) To be consistent with Section 7, "PACKAGE MODELING" and section 8, "ELECTRICAL BOARD DESCRIPTION", the ".pkg" and ".ebd" must be allowed. Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. SiQual: 6 Editorial Reference: Section 4, "FILE HEADER INFORMATION", Keyword: [Comment Char] Suggested Change: Change From: | Usage Rules: The new comment character to be defined must be followed by | the underscore character and the letters "char". For example: | "|_char" redundantly redefines the comment character to be | the pipe character. The new comment character is in effect | only following the [Comment Char] keyword. The following | characters MAY NOT be used: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P | Q R S T U V W X Y Z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u | v w x y z 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 [ ] . _ / = + - To: (change last sentence) | . . . The following | characters MAY be used: | | ! " # $ % & ' * , : ; < > ? @ ^ ` | ~ Rationale: 1) For clarity, definition of a limited set of characters should be terms of those allowed, not those disallowed. 2) Based on the current wording and paragraph 14 of section three, the allowed [Comment Char] list is (ASCII hex shown first): | 20 SP | 21 ! | 22 " | 23 # | 24 $ | 25 % | 26 & | 27 ' | | 28 ( | 29 ) | 2A * | | 2C , | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3A : | 3B ; | 3C < | | 3E > | 3F ? | | 40 @ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 5C \ | | 5E ^ | | | 60 ` | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 7B { | 7C | | 7D } | 7E ~ | 7F DEL| Of this list: 0x20 'SP' - is wrong 0x7F 'DEL' - is inconsistently implemented across systems 0x5C '\' - is commonly used as an escape meta-character 0x28 '(', 0x29 ')' - paired delimiters should be reserved for future 0x7B '(', 0x7D ')' use by the standard 3) The "golden parser" program 'ibischk3' implements per the standard: From "parse.c" (part of the "golden parser", no version info in file) /* list of chars that cannot be the comment char */ static char gpcBadCommChars[] = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[]._/=+-"; Response: We agree that the permitted comment characters should be listed as suggested. However, since the `\', `(', `)', `{', and `}' characters are already permitted by the standard and by the ibischk3 parser code, we are including them in the list. We may consider reducing the number of permitted comment characters in IBIS Version 4.0. The amended list is | ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * , : ; < > ? @ \ ^ ` { | } ~ SiQual: 7 Editorial Reference: Section 5, "COMPONENT DESCRIPTION"; [Component] keyword, Sub-Param Usage Rules, paragraph 3 Suggested Change: Change From: | . . . The default location is at the 'Pin'. | However, the 'Die' location is also available for either or | and both subparameters. To (shorten existing second sentence, then insert new second sentence): | . . . Allowed values for either sub-parameter | are 'Die' or 'Pin'. The default location is at the 'Pin'. Rationale: Clarification of wording. Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. SiQual: 8 Editorial Reference: Section 6a, "ADD SUBMODEL DESCRIPTION"; sub-section "SUBMODEL:", paragraph 4 Suggested Change: Change From: < Move paragraph 4 and list of keywords to the [Submodel] keyword description > | The following set of keywords that are defined under the [Model] keyword are | support by the [Submodel] keyword: | | [Pulldown] | [Pullup] | [GND Clamp] | [POWER Clamp] | [Ramp] | [Rising Waveform] | [Falling Waveform] To (correct spelling of "supported" in first sentence, add new paragraph): | The only required subparameter in [Submodel] is Submodel_type to define the | list of submodel types. The other subparameters under [Model] are not | permitted under the [Submodel] keyword. | | The following set of keywords that are defined under the [Model] keyword are | supported by the [Submodel] keyword: | | [Pulldown] | [Pullup] | [GND Clamp] | [POWER Clamp] | [Ramp] | [Rising Waveform] | [Falling Waveform] | At least one of the [Pulldown], [Pullup], [GND Clamp], [POWER Clamp] is < | required. If the [Submodel] describes a driver, the [Ramp] keyword is < | required. < Rationale: The initial text is redundant, since the proper location is in the [Submodel] keyword description. The additional paragraph stipulates that some reason must exist for a [Submodel] definition. Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. SiQual: 9 Editorial Reference: Section 6a, "ADD SUBMODEL DESCRIPTION"; keyword [Submodel]; Sub-Param Usage Rules, paragraph _ Suggested Change: Change From: | . . . The | submodel name must match the one that is listed under the | [Add Submodel] To (in second sentence, change "under the" to "under a"): | . . . The | submodel name must match the one that is listed under a | [Add Submodel] keyword . . . Rationale: The wording is not correct. Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. ----- Bob asked for discussion. (Some of this discussion occurred during the review of all of the comments.) On Siqual Comment 2, Matthew Flora and Stephen Peters stated that the reason for the change is lost. Matthew Flora and Stephen Peters stated that the reason for the change is lost regarding compatibility with DOS and UNIX systems. After some discussion, Stephen proposed and initial clause that provide the reason for using lower case characters. In the Suggested Change, uppercase characters are also listed (as they exit in the ibischk3 code. The parser accepts them for file names (as they would exist in DOS systems, but finds they illegal elsewhere if they are used a a [File Name] argument. Michael Cohen mentioned this can occur in other systems. as well. We agreed to remove the uppercase characters since the intent is to specify what is allowed as a transportable, legal [File Name] argument, not how the file is actually stored. Bob mentioned that since we are not voting on this, the comment provider has an opportunity to review the change. With these two changes, the response is changed: from Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. to Response: We will make a similar Suggested Change, but with some changes. An introductory phrase is added to give in a more general sense the reason for the choice of characters. Also the uppercase set of characters are removed. | 3) To facilitate portability between operating systems, file names used in | the IBIS file must only have lower case characters. File names should | have a basename of no more than twenty characters followed by a period | ('.') , followed by a file name extension of no more than three | characters. The file name and extension must use characters from the | set (space, ' ', 0x20 is not included): | | a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z | 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 _ ^ $ ~ ! # % & - { } ) ( @ ' ` | | The file name and extension are recommended to be lower case on | systems that support such names. Bob stated the he initially propose agreeing with the Suggested Change for Comment 8. However, he is now proposing a revised response after looking at the Suggested Change closer. He now proposes changing the response: from Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. to Response: We agree with some of the Suggested Changes and will make a related editorial correction. We do not plan to move the set of keywords, as suggested since it would destroy the context of some other paragraphs. We did not add the last paragraph, as suggested. Instead we add a sentence in the last paragraph to refer to other sections for specific details on what is required. The proposed revision follows from the suggestions above until the end of the section are as follows (|* lines indicate changes or additions): | The only required subparameter in [Submodel] is Submodel_type to define the |*list of submodel types. No subparameters under [Model] are permitted under |*the [Submodel] keyword. | | The following set of keywords that are defined under the [Model] keyword are |*supported by the [Submodel] keyword: | | [Pulldown] | [Pullup] | [GND Clamp] | [POWER Clamp] | [Ramp] | [Rising Waveform] | [Falling Waveform] | | The [Voltage Range], [Pullup Reference], [Pulldown Reference], [GND Clamp | Reference], and [POWER Clamp Reference] keywords are not permitted. The | voltage settings are inherited from the top-level model. | | These additional keywords are used only for the [Submodel] are documented | in this section: | | [Submodel Spec] | [GND Pulse Table] | [POWER Pulse Table] | | The application of these keywords depends upon the Submodel_type entries | listed below: | | Dynamic_clamp | Bus_hold | | Permitted keywords that are not defined for any of these submodel types are |*ignored. The rules for what set of keywords are required are found under |*the Dynamic Clamp and Bus Hold headings of this section. Reason: The second sentence in the first paragraph made a reference to common subparameters. This no longer exists and the wording is corrected. The top-level description in the SUBMODEL: section gives details of other keywords as well, and removing this "redundant" section would destroy to context of the descriptions. In the [Submodel] keyword description, the list of permitted keyword are given in the "Other Notes:" section. However the rules for what is required depend on the Submodel_type selection and are discussed later. Bob also proposed a minor editorial revision concerning Comment 9 which changed the response: from Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. to Response: We agree with this Suggested Change with the following modifications or additions: Change "a" to "an" and also add "a" to similar text for the [Model] keyword on page 20. As previously stated, Bob plans to reopen the discussion of these responses for consideration and vote at the next meeting. However, he will include the revised responses in the uploaded unofficial IBIS Version 3.2 documents. OTHER COMMENTS ON IBIS VERSION 3.2 Bob noticed that the reference to 10 BIRDs on page 6 concerning the ver3_2.ibs changes did not define BIRD. Michael Cohen corrected Bob by indicating that BIRD was define regarding the ver3_0.ibs changes. Bob withdrew the statement. ([Later, made other changes in the statement to bring it up to date.] Bob noted other discussion with Ian Dodd concerning some EBD details. Ian had raised concern that the eight character limit may be a problem with a board with multiple connectors. He also had asked how it was handled when an EBD plugs into a ground plane. Also he had raised the question whether loops are supported. We briefly mentioned each of these, but did not have time for extended discussion. Bob also noted some discussions based on a question from Matthew Flora concerning whether the [Driver Schedule] can reference a [Model Selector] name. The authors did not intend for this to be allowed, but it was not clear in the document. Bob asked if any of these issues would prevent delaying the IBIS Version 3.2 formal ratification, and the response by Ian and Matthew was no. Bob noted that we can still discuss these at the next meeting and would be open to minor editorial changes at that time. Time ran out before the remaining items were discussed. ACCURACY SPECIFICATION DISCUSSION Not discussed. Bob indicated earlier that this would be deferred until next meeting if we ran out of time. BUG34 - NO ERROR REPORTED FOR MISSING V/I TABLE IN OUTPUT BUFFERS Not discussed. Matthew Flora's AR is still open. AR - Matthew Flora issue a revised BUG34 to document the conditions where Warning messages are issued. BUG36 - RESERVE WORDS ERROR FOR PIN MAPPING AND SERIES PIN MAPPING Not discussed. BUG37 - PIN MAPPING FOR UNIQUE GND AND POWER PIN GENERATES ERROR Not discussed. INPUT SPECIFICATION Not discussed. CONNECTOR PROPOSAL STATUS Not discussed. NUMBER OF POINTS IN VT TABLE Not discussed. SIGNAL INTEGRITY REFLECTOR RECENT DISCUSSIONS - IBIS Version 3.2 Support - I/O Edge Rates - Odd/Even Mode - Simplifying Spice Models Not discussed. NEXT MEETING: The next teleconference meeting will be on Friday, August 20, 1999 from 8:00 AM to 10:00 AM. Votes on BIRD59.1 and BIRD60 and responses to the Siqual letter ballot comments are scheduled. Also, a vote on the release of the revised IBIS Version 3.2 document is scheduled. ============================================================================== NOTES IBIS CHAIR: Bob Ross (503) 685-0732, Fax (503) 685-4897 bob_ross@mentorg.com Modeling Engineer, Mentor Graphics 8005 S.W. Boeckman Road, Wilsonville, OR 97070 VICE CHAIR: Stephen Peters (503) 264-4108, Fax: (503) 264-4515 sjpeters@ichips.intel.com Senior Hardware Engineer, Intel Corporation M/S JF1-56 2111 NE 25th Ave. Hillsboro, OR 97124-5961 SECRETARY: Guy de Burgh (805) 988-8250, Fax: (805) 988-8259 gdeburgh@viewlogic.com Senior Manager, Viewlogic Systems 1369 Del Norte Rd. Camarillo, CA 93010-8437 LIBRARIAN: Jon Powell (805) 988-8250, Fax: (805) 988-8259 jonp@qdt.com Senior Scientist, Viewlogic Systems 1385 Del Norte Rd. Camarillo, CA 93010 WEBMASTER: Syed Huq (408) 525-3399, Fax: (408) 526-5504 shuq@cisco.com Signal Integrity Engineer, Cisco Systems 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA 95134-1706 POSTMASTER: Matthew Flora (425) 869-2320, Fax: (425) 881-1008 mbflora@hyperlynx.com Senior Engineer, HyperLynx, Inc. 17641 NE 67th Court Redmond, WA 98052 This meeting was conducted in accordance with the EIA Legal Guides and EIA Manual of Organization and Procedure. The following e-mail addresses are used: ibis-request@eda.org To join, change, or drop from either the IBIS Open Forum Reflector (ibis@eda.org), the IBIS Users' Group Reflector (ibis-users@eda.org) or both. State your request. ibis-info@eda.org To obtain general information about IBIS, to ask specific questions for individual response, and to inquire about joining the EIA-IBIS Open Forum as a full Member. ibis@eda.org To send a message to the general IBIS Open Forum Reflector. This is used mostly for IBIS Standardization business and future IBIS technical enhancements. Job posting information is not permitted. ibis-users@eda.org To send a message to the IBIS Users' Group Reflector. This is used mostly for IBIS clarification, current modeling issues, and general user concerns. Job posting information is not permitted. ibischk-bug@eda.org To report ibischk2/3 parser bugs. The Bug Report Form Resides on eda.org in /pub/ibis/bugs/ibischk/bugform.txt along with reported bugs. To report s2ibis, s2ibis2 and s2iplt bugs, use the Bug Report Forms which reside under eda.org in /pub/ibis/bugs/s2ibis/bugs2i.txt, /pub/ibis/bugs/s2ibis2/bugs2i2.txt, & /pub/ibis/bugs/s2iplt/bugsplt.txt respectively. Information on IBIS technical contents, IBIS participants, and actual IBIS models are available on the IBIS Home page found by selecting the Electronic Information Group under: http://www.eia.org Check the pub/ibis directory on eda.org for more information on previous discussions and results. You can get on via FTP anonymous. ============================================================================== From owner-ibis Tue Aug 10 21:28:33 1999 Received: from thalia.fm.intel.com (thalia.fm.intel.com [132.233.247.11]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id VAA04135; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 21:28:33 -0700 (PDT) Received: from fmsmsx18.intel.com (fmsmsx18.fm.intel.com [132.233.233.232]) by thalia.fm.intel.com (8.9.1a+p1/8.9.1/d: relay.m4,v 1.6 1998/11/24 22:10:56 iwep Exp iwep $) with ESMTP id AAA22479; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 00:23:20 GMT Received: by fmsmsx18.fm.intel.com with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0) id ; Tue, 10 Aug 1999 21:22:13 -0700 Message-ID: <4575832C8E71D111AC4100A0C96B512702AC0DB1@fmsmsx36.fm.intel.com> From: "Mellitz, Richard" To: ibis@eda.org Cc: ibis-users@eda.org Subject: RE: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers Date: Tue, 10 Aug 1999 21:22:12 -0700 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0) Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" *Some* simulators have problems with slopes evaluation. I can agree with that. I understand the waveforms that don't look "pretty" will be tough. So be it. However there is a LARGE class of buses that we can get a little more "kick" out of. Modeling and simulation is not reality but just tools to help us understand our designs so that we can get the most performance and best reliability. Simulation techniques, methods, and tools need to adapt to meet technology needs. I have a need. In the past few year I've seen much innovation by my colleagues. They all are pushing the capabilities of older (and present) tools. This is really neat stuff. Guess what? We may use a simulation tool suite and not just one tool. Also... about accuracy... Yes I *need* to understand the limitation of the tools I use. Its that understanding that helps define to me what tool to use. Simple background case: Some newer busses have receivers that have very high gain differential amplifiers. Characteristically these have slew rate sensitivities in the ps range. A couple of years ago, I could care less about few hundred ps. Source synchronized busses and higher speed changed all that. The beauty of this proposal is that you can start simple and, at least for some designs, really gain some reliable performance. Richard Mellitz, Senior Staff Hardware Engineer Intel -----Original Message----- From: C. Kumar [mailto:kumarchi@yahoo.com] Sent: Tuesday, August 10, 1999 1:30 PM To: ibis@eda.org Cc: ibis-users@eda.org Subject: Re: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers Simulators are not designed for slope evaluation. The calculated slope at any time can have substantial errors even though the overall voltage/current changes will be accurate. Tables which depend on slope are asking for trouble. --- "D. C. Sessions" wrote: > Stephen Peters wrote: > > > > Hello All: > > > > Following is the first in a series of BIRDS > that aim to enhance > > IBIS's ability to specifying and characterizing > receivers. Comments > > appreciated. > > Clarification: > Because these sections are totally meaningless > without the Vmeas > parameter, all of the voltages specified are to be > considered relative > to Vmeas (or at least that's the way I remember it.) > > That breaks the examples, but I think we can deal > with that. > > > =================================== > > > > Buffer Issue Resolution Document > (BIRD) > > > > BIRD ID#: 61 > > ISSUE TITLE: Enhanced Characterization of > Receivers > > REQUESTOR: D.C Sessions (Philips), Richard > Mellitz, Stephen Peters, > > Arpad Muranyi (Intel Corp) > > DATE SUBMITTED: August 9, 1999 > > DATE ACCEPTED BY IBIS OPEN FORUM: > > > > > **************************************************************************** *** > > > **************************************************************************** *** > > > > STATEMENT OF THE ISSUE: The current specification > allows the user to > > describe the static Vinh and Vinl thresholds of a > receiver. However, these > > parameters specify only the DC input thresholds at > which the output of > > a receiver switches state. They do not describe a > digital logic receiver's > > dynamic performance. Dynamic performance includes > such items as how a > > device's setup or hold time varies with input > overdrive, or how a receiver > > behaves when an input waveform rings back into the > area between Vinh and > > Vinl. In addition, the current specification does > not support simulation > > methodologies that rely on specifying the total > delay from the input of an > > output buffer to the output of the receiver. This > bird offers a way for the > > user to specify a receiver's propagation delay and > dynamic characteristics in > > enough detail so that a simulation tool can model > a receiver's response to > > any arbitrary waveform. > > > > > **************************************************************************** *** > > > > STATEMENT OF THE RESOLVED SPECIFICATIONS: > > > > 1) The following new keyword is defined, and is > placed in the > > specification just below the [Rising Waveform] and > [Falling Waveform] > > keyword descriptions > > > > > |=========================================================================== == > > | Keyword: [Receiver Delay] > > | Required: No > > | Sub-Params: Start_point, End_point, Slope > > | Description: This keyword specifies how the > propagation delay of an > > | input receiver varies as a > function of input overdrive or > > | input waveform slope. > > | > > | Usage Rules: The [Receiver Delay] keyword is > followed immediately by the > > | three subparameter names and their > arguments. The Start_point > > | and End_point subparameters define > the starting and ending > > | voltage points of a linear ramp > while the Slope parameter > > | specifies the slope of that ramp. > Slope is given in units of > > | volts per second (V/S). All three > subparameters are required. > > | > > | Subparameter Usage: > > | The intent of the subparameters is > to specify a set of linear > > | ramps that vary only in starting > point, ending point, or > > | slope. Therefore, when assigning > values to the subparameters, > > | two of the three subparameters > must be assigned fixed values, > > | while the third subparameter uses > as its argument the reserved > > | word TABLE. The use of the word > TABLE indicates that this > > | subparameter is the independent > variable in the associated > > | receiver delay table. The > subparameter that uses the TABLE > > | argument must appear after the > other two subparameters and > > | before the receiver delay table. > > | > > | Numerical arguments are separated > from their associated > > | subparameter by an equals sign > (=); white space around the > > | equals sign is optional. The > TABLE argument is separate > > | from its associated subparameter > by white space. > > | > > | Receiver Delay Table: > > | Following the subparameters is the > receiver delay table itself. > > | This table consists of four > columns. The first column lists > > | either the starting voltage, > ending voltage or slope of the > > | linear ramp (i.e. the independent > variable) as determined by > > | the subparameter with the TABLE > argument. The second thru > > | fourth columns list the change in > the receiver's propagation > > | delay. This "change in delay" is > relative to the receiver's > > | delay when it is stimulated using > the same overdrive and edge > > | rate conditions used to specify > the device's setup and hold > > | times. The delay columns are > arranged in the standard typ, > > | min, max format. All four entries > must be placed on the same > > | line and must be separated by at > least one white space. All > > | four columns are required. > However, data is required only for > > | the typical column. If minimum or > maximum data is not available > > | use the reserved word NA. Each > receiver delay table is limited > > | to 100 rows and only one receiver > delay table is allowed per > > | [Receiver Delay] keyword. > However, there are no restrictions > > | on the number of [Receiver Delay] > keywords per [Model] keyword. > > | Note that the [Receiver Delay] > keyword is not allowed unless > > | the Model_type of the [Model] is > one of the Input or I/O > > | models types. > > | > > | Use of INF as a Receiver Delay: > > | When building a receiver delay > table the user may specify an > > | input condition that does not > result in the receiver's output > > | changing state. In that case, the > receiver delay is considered > > | infinite, and the reserved word > INF is used in the delay > > | column. See the examples below. > > | > > | Other Notes: > > | It is expected that the user will > provide enough [Receiver > > | Delay] keywords (i.e. > characterization data) to allow a CAE > > | tool to build a model of the input > receiver. It is expected > > | that at least four [Receiver > Delay] keywords will be required; > > | two low to high going ramps and > two high to low going ramps. > > | However, the exact number of ramps > and there content is up > > | to the user and recommendations > provided by the various > > | simulation vendors. > > | > === message truncated === _____________________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Bid and sell for free at http://auctions.yahoo.com From owner-ibis Wed Aug 11 11:45:47 1999 Received: from osiris.vlsi.com (relayhost.vlsi.com [134.27.20.23]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id LAA10591; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 11:45:46 -0700 (PDT) Received: (from smtp@localhost) by osiris.vlsi.com (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id LAA10977; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 11:38:50 -0700 (PDT) X-Authentication-Warning: osiris.vlsi.com: smtp set sender to using -f Received: from (tem-pbx1.tempe.vlsi.com [134.27.128.26]) by osiris.vlsi.com via smap (V2.0) id xma010947; Wed, 11 Aug 99 11:38:37 -0700 Received: from vlsi.com (witsend.tempe.vlsi.com [134.27.133.12]) by tem-pbx1.tempe.vlsi.com with SMTP (Microsoft Exchange Internet Mail Service Version 5.5.2448.0) id Q1NCKRL8; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 11:38:36 -0700 Sender: dsession@osiris.vlsi.com Message-ID: <37B1C32C.A58EE28F@vlsi.com> Date: Wed, 11 Aug 1999 11:38:36 -0700 From: "D. C. Sessions" Organization: VLSI Technology Inc. X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.6 [en] (X11; U; SunOS 5.5.1 sun4m) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: ibis@eda.org CC: nikolai@avanticorp.com, ibis-users@eda.org Subject: Re: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers References: <199908111744.KAA12643@iris.src.avanticorp.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit nikolai@avanticorp.com wrote: > > Hi All, > > Can't anyone clarify this new spec. about receivers for me > and what the intention is? > Qestions: > > ********* > * 1 * > ********* > > 1. What is a receiver? Is it > a) A part of output buffer which receives controlloing > signal (in other words, input of output type buffer). > In this case it can be extended to enable node > of 3-state and I/O buffers. > b) That part of Input buffer, which is looking into > a transmission line and receives signals from > some output type buffer through the transmission line. (B) > I would expect the unswer should be b). However, the spec. > says: > > ===begin=== > > 1) The following new keyword is defined, and is placed in the > specification just below the [Rising Waveform] and [Falling Waveform] > keyword descriptions > > === end === > > But Input buffer has no [Rising Waveform] or [Falling Waveform]. > I/O buffer does have, but Input buffer does not have and > we have no place to place [Receiver Delay] keyword. Keep in mind that IBIS specifications are relatively free-form. Within a given [Model] there are few constraints on where you place a given keyword; the paragraph you quoted is purely editorial and describes the location where the new text will appear in the revised IBIS standard document. > ********* > * 2 * > ********* > > 2) Examples are confusing. The should give receiver delay. > What we have in example 1: > > ===begin=== > > [Receiver Delay] > Start_point = 0.8v > Slope = 1v/1ns > End_point TABLE > |variable typ min max > 1.4 INF 7.0ns INF > 1.5 INF 5.0ns INF > 1.51 INF 3.0ns 10.0ns > 1.53 7.0ns 0.0ns 7.0ns > 1.55 2.0ns 0.0ns 1.0ns > 1.6 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > 1.7 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > 2.0 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > 2.1 0.1ns 0.1ns 0.1ns > 2.5 -0.2ns -0.1ns -0.5ns NB: SP got caught by the usual gotcha and has max=slow instead of max=fast > === end === > > delay is about 1ns, ok No, delay isn't specified at all here. What this table says is that if your input waveform rises at 1v/ns from 0.8v to 2.0v (the databook test condition) then there is no change in the input delay from the data book timing (DUH!) OTOH, if the input rises from 0.8v to 1.55v at 1v/ns then the input delay under slow conditions is unchanged, the delay under typical conditions is 2.0ns longer than databook, and the delay under fast conditions is 1.0ns slower than databook. (OK, so these are mixed up. See above.) > example 2: > > ===begin=== > > [Receiver Delay] > Start_point = 0.8v > End_point = 2.0v > Slope TABLE > |variable typ min max > 0.05/1ns -1.0 -3.5 -1.0 > 0.25/1ns -0.75 -2.0 -0.05 > 0.50/1ns -0.01 -0.5 -0.0 > 0.60/1ns 0.0 0.25 0.0 > 0.75/1ns 0.0 0.0 0.0 > 1.00/1ns 0.0 0.0 0.0 > 2.00/1ns +0.5 +0.2 +1.0 > > === end === > > is it a delay about 1s, or data are in Volts, > or Nano is missing, or what is it? Again, these are relative rather than absolute delays. And you're correct that the dimensions in the table entries should be nanoseconds. > ********* > * 3 * > ********* > > 3) Some delays are negative. This is very very bad. > Should be always positive. Just from stand point of > causality. You apply a signal and then 1ns BEFORE that event > your receiver tells you the signal has arrived. > Simulators have to add some 'base' delay. > Simulator_A will add 1ns, Simulator_B will add 10ns, etc. > Why not IBIS spec add this 'base' delay and all have > less headahe? The delays are adjustments to databook timing, so negative numbers are not a problem. As for 'base', IBIS is not intended to contain an entire part data sheet. If we were to try THAT, we'd need to specify the setup time to arbitrary signals (eg setup to end of RESET) and so forth, which is far, far, farther into the functional space than we can go. Not gonna happen. Instead, this BIRD just applies signal-integrity adjustments to the timing already described in some other format (eg databook). For instance, DDR SDRAM devices are characterized with input waveforms swinging from Vil(ac) to Vih(ac) at 1v/ns (or the reverse). In real applications, though, some inputs could actually slew faster and this might result in a hold-time violation. The proposed BIRD allows system designers to refine their timing analyses based on input wave SHAPE as well as threshold crossing. > ********* > * 4 * > ********* > > 4) Input buffer has Vinl, Vinh. If [Receiver Delay]-s > are specified, then Vinl, Vinh should be discarded. Right? > If ONLY 1 [Receiver Delay] is given, say for rising ramp, > then we still use Vinl, Vinh, right ? > Vinl, Vinh MUST be always given and BE CONSISTENT with > [Receiver Delay] if the last is given. Right? Vinh and Vinl are holdovers from TTL data sheets. They have some minor utility as extreme-worst-case noise margin specs; they are quite useless for timing analysis. Vmeas is much more relevant, and in these tables have no effect on its use. In fact, they depend on it. We would hope that based on the information in these tables simulator companies would refine their noise analysis models to recognize that a transient that (e.g.) rang back to 200mV above a Vinl of 800mV for 250ps in reality has no chance of causing a logic violation. > ********* > * end * > ********* > > ----- Begin Included Message ----- > > Buffer Issue Resolution Document (BIRD) > > BIRD ID#: 61 > ISSUE TITLE: Enhanced Characterization of Receivers > REQUESTOR: D.C Sessions (Philips), Richard Mellitz, Stephen Peters, > Arpad Muranyi (Intel Corp) > DATE SUBMITTED: August 9, 1999 > DATE ACCEPTED BY IBIS OPEN FORUM: > > ******************************************************************************* > ******************************************************************************* > > STATEMENT OF THE ISSUE: The current specification allows the user to > describe the static Vinh and Vinl thresholds of a receiver. However, these > parameters specify only the DC input thresholds at which the output of > a receiver switches state. They do not describe a digital logic receiver's > dynamic performance. Dynamic performance includes such items as how a > device's setup or hold time varies with input overdrive, or how a receiver > behaves when an input waveform rings back into the area between Vinh and > Vinl. In addition, the current specification does not support simulation > methodologies that rely on specifying the total delay from the input of an > output buffer to the output of the receiver. This bird offers a way for the > user to specify a receiver's propagation delay and dynamic characteristics in > enough detail so that a simulation tool can model a receiver's response to > any arbitrary waveform. > > ******************************************************************************* > > STATEMENT OF THE RESOLVED SPECIFICATIONS: > > 1) The following new keyword is defined, and is placed in the > specification just below the [Rising Waveform] and [Falling Waveform] > keyword descriptions > > |============================================================================= > | Keyword: [Receiver Delay] > | Required: No > | Sub-Params: Start_point, End_point, Slope > | Description: This keyword specifies how the propagation delay of an > | input receiver varies as a function of input overdrive or > | input waveform slope. > | > | Usage Rules: The [Receiver Delay] keyword is followed immediately by the > | three subparameter names and their arguments. The Start_point > | and End_point subparameters define the starting and ending > | voltage points of a linear ramp while the Slope parameter > | specifies the slope of that ramp. Slope is given in units of > | volts per second (V/S). All three subparameters are required. > | > | Subparameter Usage: > | The intent of the subparameters is to specify a set of linear > | ramps that vary only in starting point, ending point, or > | slope. Therefore, when assigning values to the subparameters, > | two of the three subparameters must be assigned fixed values, > | while the third subparameter uses as its argument the reserved > | word TABLE. The use of the word TABLE indicates that this > | subparameter is the independent variable in the associated > | receiver delay table. The subparameter that uses the TABLE > | argument must appear after the other two subparameters and > | before the receiver delay table. > | > | Numerical arguments are separated from their associated > | subparameter by an equals sign (=); white space around the > | equals sign is optional. The TABLE argument is separate > | from its associated subparameter by white space. > | > | Receiver Delay Table: > | Following the subparameters is the receiver delay table itself. > | This table consists of four columns. The first column lists > | either the starting voltage, ending voltage or slope of the > | linear ramp (i.e. the independent variable) as determined by > | the subparameter with the TABLE argument. The second thru > | fourth columns list the change in the receiver's propagation > | delay. This "change in delay" is relative to the receiver's > | delay when it is stimulated using the same overdrive and edge > | rate conditions used to specify the device's setup and hold > | times. The delay columns are arranged in the standard typ, > | min, max format. All four entries must be placed on the same > | line and must be separated by at least one white space. All > | four columns are required. However, data is required only for > | the typical column. If minimum or maximum data is not available > | use the reserved word NA. Each receiver delay table is limited > | to 100 rows and only one receiver delay table is allowed per > | [Receiver Delay] keyword. However, there are no restrictions > | on the number of [Receiver Delay] keywords per [Model] keyword. > | Note that the [Receiver Delay] keyword is not allowed unless > | the Model_type of the [Model] is one of the Input or I/O > | models types. > | > | Use of INF as a Receiver Delay: > | When building a receiver delay table the user may specify an > | input condition that does not result in the receiver's output > | changing state. In that case, the receiver delay is considered > | infinite, and the reserved word INF is used in the delay > | column. See the examples below. > | > | Other Notes: > | It is expected that the user will provide enough [Receiver > | Delay] keywords (i.e. characterization data) to allow a CAE > | tool to build a model of the input receiver. It is expected > | that at least four [Receiver Delay] keywords will be required; > | two low to high going ramps and two high to low going ramps. > | However, the exact number of ramps and there content is up > | to the user and recommendations provided by the various > | simulation vendors. > | > | An example table showing how receiver delay varies vs. overdrive. > | Note the use of the reserved word INF. > | > [Receiver Delay] > Start_point = 0.8v > Slope = 1v/1ns > End_point TABLE > |variable typ min max > 1.4 INF 7.0ns INF > 1.5 INF 5.0ns INF > 1.51 INF 3.0ns 10.0ns > 1.53 7.0ns 0.0ns 7.0ns > 1.55 2.0ns 0.0ns 1.0ns > 1.6 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > 1.7 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > 2.0 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > 2.1 0.1ns 0.1ns 0.1ns > 2.5 -0.2ns -0.1ns -0.5ns > | > | A second table that characterizes receiver delay vs. the slope of the > | input waveform. > | > [Receiver Delay] > Start_point = 0.8v > End_point = 2.0v > Slope TABLE > |variable typ min max > 0.05/1ns -1.0 -3.5 -1.0 > 0.25/1ns -0.75 -2.0 -0.05 > 0.50/1ns -0.01 -0.5 -0.0 > 0.60/1ns 0.0 0.25 0.0 > 0.75/1ns 0.0 0.0 0.0 > 1.00/1ns 0.0 0.0 0.0 > 2.00/1ns +0.5 +0.2 +1.0 > | > | > |2) Item 2 under General Syntax Rules and Guidelines is modified to include > |the following reserved words > > INF - used when a data value is so large it is considered infinite > TABLE - used to indicate that a subparameter's value(s) are part of a > table. > ******************************************************************************* > > ANALYSIS PATH/DATA THAT LED TO SPECIFICATION: This bird originated from > discussions held at the January '99 IBIS summit regarding the lack of a > way to accurately and realistically specify the input thresholds and > dynamic performance of a digital logic receiver. At the mid year '99 IBIS > summit D.C. Sessions, Stephen Peters, Richard Mellitz and Arpad Muranyi > agreed to meet to hammer out a proposal. This bird is one of the results. > The technical basis of this bird derives from simulation work done by > Richard Mellitz. > > ******************************************************************************* > > ANY OTHER BACKGROUND INFORMATION: > > ******************************************************************************* > > ----- End Included Message ----- -- D. C. Sessions dc.sessions@vlsi.com From owner-ibis Wed Aug 11 11:00:04 1999 Received: from mailhost.avanticorp.com (uucp@mailhost.avanticorp.com [207.220.204.13]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id LAA10487; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 11:00:03 -0700 (PDT) From: nikolai@avanticorp.com Received: (from uucp@localhost) by mailhost.avanticorp.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) id KAA21801; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 10:53:38 -0700 (PDT) Received: from splash.src.avanticorp.com(172.18.10.24) via SMTP by shamu.avanticorp.com, id smtpdAAAOj1ID_; Wed Aug 11 10:53:19 1999 Received: from iris.src.avanticorp.com (iris.src.avanticorp.com [172.18.5.78]) by splash.src.avanticorp.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA27867; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 10:52:57 -0700 (PDT) Received: (from nikolai@localhost) by iris.src.avanticorp.com (8.8.8/8.8.8) id KAA12643; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 10:44:47 -0700 (PDT) Date: Wed, 11 Aug 1999 10:44:47 -0700 (PDT) Message-Id: <199908111744.KAA12643@iris.src.avanticorp.com> To: ibis@eda.org, ibis-users@eda.org Subject: Re: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers Cc: nikolai@avanticorp.com X-Sun-Charset: US-ASCII Hi All, Can't anyone clarify this new spec. about receivers for me and what the intention is? THanks Nik nikolai@avanticorp.com Qestions: ********* * 1 * ********* 1. What is a receiver? Is it a) A part of output buffer which receives controlloing signal (in other words, input of output type buffer). In this case it can be extended to enable node of 3-state and I/O buffers. b) That part of Input buffer, which is looking into a transmission line and receives signals from some output type buffer through the transmission line. I would expect the unswer should be b). However, the spec. says: ===begin=== 1) The following new keyword is defined, and is placed in the specification just below the [Rising Waveform] and [Falling Waveform] keyword descriptions === end === But Input buffer has no [Rising Waveform] or [Falling Waveform]. I/O buffer does have, but Input buffer does not have and we have no place to place [Receiver Delay] keyword. If the answer is a), then, hey, how we can apply ramp signal to input of the output buffer, if we do not know its impedance, Capacitance, etc. ?? ********* * 2 * ********* 2) Examples are confusing. The should give receiver delay. What we have in example 1: ===begin=== [Receiver Delay] Start_point = 0.8v Slope = 1v/1ns End_point TABLE |variable typ min max 1.4 INF 7.0ns INF 1.5 INF 5.0ns INF 1.51 INF 3.0ns 10.0ns 1.53 7.0ns 0.0ns 7.0ns 1.55 2.0ns 0.0ns 1.0ns 1.6 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns 1.7 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns 2.0 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns 2.1 0.1ns 0.1ns 0.1ns 2.5 -0.2ns -0.1ns -0.5ns === end === delay is about 1ns, ok example 2: ===begin=== [Receiver Delay] Start_point = 0.8v End_point = 2.0v Slope TABLE |variable typ min max 0.05/1ns -1.0 -3.5 -1.0 0.25/1ns -0.75 -2.0 -0.05 0.50/1ns -0.01 -0.5 -0.0 0.60/1ns 0.0 0.25 0.0 0.75/1ns 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.00/1ns 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.00/1ns +0.5 +0.2 +1.0 === end === is it a delay about 1s, or data are in Volts, or Nano is missing, or what is it? ********* * 3 * ********* 3) Some delays are negative. This is very very bad. Should be always positive. Just from stand point of causality. You apply a signal and then 1ns BEFORE that event your receiver tells you the signal has arrived. Simulators have to add some 'base' delay. Simulator_A will add 1ns, Simulator_B will add 10ns, etc. Why not IBIS spec add this 'base' delay and all have less headahe? ********* * 4 * ********* 4) Input buffer has Vinl, Vinh. If [Receiver Delay]-s are specified, then Vinl, Vinh should be discarded. Right? If ONLY 1 [Receiver Delay] is given, say for rising ramp, then we still use Vinl, Vinh, right ? Vinl, Vinh MUST be always given and BE CONSISTENT with [Receiver Delay] if the last is given. Right? ********* * end * ********* ----- Begin Included Message ----- Buffer Issue Resolution Document (BIRD) BIRD ID#: 61 ISSUE TITLE: Enhanced Characterization of Receivers REQUESTOR: D.C Sessions (Philips), Richard Mellitz, Stephen Peters, Arpad Muranyi (Intel Corp) DATE SUBMITTED: August 9, 1999 DATE ACCEPTED BY IBIS OPEN FORUM: ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* STATEMENT OF THE ISSUE: The current specification allows the user to describe the static Vinh and Vinl thresholds of a receiver. However, these parameters specify only the DC input thresholds at which the output of a receiver switches state. They do not describe a digital logic receiver's dynamic performance. Dynamic performance includes such items as how a device's setup or hold time varies with input overdrive, or how a receiver behaves when an input waveform rings back into the area between Vinh and Vinl. In addition, the current specification does not support simulation methodologies that rely on specifying the total delay from the input of an output buffer to the output of the receiver. This bird offers a way for the user to specify a receiver's propagation delay and dynamic characteristics in enough detail so that a simulation tool can model a receiver's response to any arbitrary waveform. ******************************************************************************* STATEMENT OF THE RESOLVED SPECIFICATIONS: 1) The following new keyword is defined, and is placed in the specification just below the [Rising Waveform] and [Falling Waveform] keyword descriptions |============================================================================= | Keyword: [Receiver Delay] | Required: No | Sub-Params: Start_point, End_point, Slope | Description: This keyword specifies how the propagation delay of an | input receiver varies as a function of input overdrive or | input waveform slope. | | Usage Rules: The [Receiver Delay] keyword is followed immediately by the | three subparameter names and their arguments. The Start_point | and End_point subparameters define the starting and ending | voltage points of a linear ramp while the Slope parameter | specifies the slope of that ramp. Slope is given in units of | volts per second (V/S). All three subparameters are required. | | Subparameter Usage: | The intent of the subparameters is to specify a set of linear | ramps that vary only in starting point, ending point, or | slope. Therefore, when assigning values to the subparameters, | two of the three subparameters must be assigned fixed values, | while the third subparameter uses as its argument the reserved | word TABLE. The use of the word TABLE indicates that this | subparameter is the independent variable in the associated | receiver delay table. The subparameter that uses the TABLE | argument must appear after the other two subparameters and | before the receiver delay table. | | Numerical arguments are separated from their associated | subparameter by an equals sign (=); white space around the | equals sign is optional. The TABLE argument is separate | from its associated subparameter by white space. | | Receiver Delay Table: | Following the subparameters is the receiver delay table itself. | This table consists of four columns. The first column lists | either the starting voltage, ending voltage or slope of the | linear ramp (i.e. the independent variable) as determined by | the subparameter with the TABLE argument. The second thru | fourth columns list the change in the receiver's propagation | delay. This "change in delay" is relative to the receiver's | delay when it is stimulated using the same overdrive and edge | rate conditions used to specify the device's setup and hold | times. The delay columns are arranged in the standard typ, | min, max format. All four entries must be placed on the same | line and must be separated by at least one white space. All | four columns are required. However, data is required only for | the typical column. If minimum or maximum data is not available | use the reserved word NA. Each receiver delay table is limited | to 100 rows and only one receiver delay table is allowed per | [Receiver Delay] keyword. However, there are no restrictions | on the number of [Receiver Delay] keywords per [Model] keyword. | Note that the [Receiver Delay] keyword is not allowed unless | the Model_type of the [Model] is one of the Input or I/O | models types. | | Use of INF as a Receiver Delay: | When building a receiver delay table the user may specify an | input condition that does not result in the receiver's output | changing state. In that case, the receiver delay is considered | infinite, and the reserved word INF is used in the delay | column. See the examples below. | | Other Notes: | It is expected that the user will provide enough [Receiver | Delay] keywords (i.e. characterization data) to allow a CAE | tool to build a model of the input receiver. It is expected | that at least four [Receiver Delay] keywords will be required; | two low to high going ramps and two high to low going ramps. | However, the exact number of ramps and there content is up | to the user and recommendations provided by the various | simulation vendors. | | An example table showing how receiver delay varies vs. overdrive. | Note the use of the reserved word INF. | [Receiver Delay] Start_point = 0.8v Slope = 1v/1ns End_point TABLE |variable typ min max 1.4 INF 7.0ns INF 1.5 INF 5.0ns INF 1.51 INF 3.0ns 10.0ns 1.53 7.0ns 0.0ns 7.0ns 1.55 2.0ns 0.0ns 1.0ns 1.6 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns 1.7 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns 2.0 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns 2.1 0.1ns 0.1ns 0.1ns 2.5 -0.2ns -0.1ns -0.5ns | | A second table that characterizes receiver delay vs. the slope of the | input waveform. | [Receiver Delay] Start_point = 0.8v End_point = 2.0v Slope TABLE |variable typ min max 0.05/1ns -1.0 -3.5 -1.0 0.25/1ns -0.75 -2.0 -0.05 0.50/1ns -0.01 -0.5 -0.0 0.60/1ns 0.0 0.25 0.0 0.75/1ns 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.00/1ns 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.00/1ns +0.5 +0.2 +1.0 | | |2) Item 2 under General Syntax Rules and Guidelines is modified to include |the following reserved words INF - used when a data value is so large it is considered infinite TABLE - used to indicate that a subparameter's value(s) are part of a table. ******************************************************************************* ANALYSIS PATH/DATA THAT LED TO SPECIFICATION: This bird originated from discussions held at the January '99 IBIS summit regarding the lack of a way to accurately and realistically specify the input thresholds and dynamic performance of a digital logic receiver. At the mid year '99 IBIS summit D.C. Sessions, Stephen Peters, Richard Mellitz and Arpad Muranyi agreed to meet to hammer out a proposal. This bird is one of the results. The technical basis of this bird derives from simulation work done by Richard Mellitz. ******************************************************************************* ANY OTHER BACKGROUND INFORMATION: ******************************************************************************* ----- End Included Message ----- From owner-ibis Wed Aug 11 13:37:52 1999 Received: from hebe.or.intel.com (hebe.or.intel.com [134.134.248.4]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id NAA10881; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 13:37:50 -0700 (PDT) Received: from ichips-jf.jf.intel.com (ichips-jf.jf.intel.com [134.134.50.200]) by hebe.or.intel.com (8.9.1a+p1/8.9.1/d: relay.m4,v 1.6 1998/11/24 22:10:56 iwep Exp iwep $) with ESMTP id NAA01612; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 13:42:02 -0700 (PDT) Received: from xtg801.pdx.intel.com (xtg801.pdx.intel.com [134.134.114.35]) by ichips-jf.jf.intel.com (8.9.1a/8.9.1/d: internal.m4,v 1.2 1998/11/09 19:18:37 iwep Exp iwep $) with ESMTP id NAA01493; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 13:31:26 -0700 (PDT) Received: from ichips.intel.com (localhost.pdx.intel.com [127.0.0.1]) by xtg801.pdx.intel.com (8.9.1a/8.9.1/d: client.m4,v 1.3 1998/09/29 16:36:11 sedayao Exp sedayao $) with ESMTP id NAA19039; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 13:31:25 -0700 (PDT) Message-Id: <199908112031.NAA19039@xtg801.pdx.intel.com> X-Mailer: exmh version 2.0delta 6/3/97 To: nikolai@avanticorp.com cc: ibis@eda.org, ibis-users@eda.org Subject: Re: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers In-reply-to: Your message of "Wed, 11 Aug 1999 10:44:47 PDT." <199908111744.KAA12643@iris.src.avanticorp.com> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Date: Wed, 11 Aug 1999 13:31:25 -0700 From: Stephen Peters Hello Nik: My comments are below, prefixed by >>> Regards, Stephen Peters Intel Corp. > > Hi All, > > Can't anyone clarify this new spec. about receivers for me > and what the intention is? > > THanks > > Nik > nikolai@avanticorp.com > > > Qestions: > > ********* > * 1 * > ********* > > 1. What is a receiver? Is it > a) A part of output buffer which receives controlloing > signal (in other words, input of output type buffer). > In this case it can be extended to enable node > of 3-state and I/O buffers. > b) That part of Input buffer, which is looking into > a transmission line and receives signals from > some output type buffer through the transmission line. > >>> it's b). A receiver can be connected to an input-only pin, or it can be the 'input' part of an I/O pin. > I would expect the unswer should be b). However, the spec. > says: > > ===begin=== > > 1) The following new keyword is defined, and is placed in the > specification just below the [Rising Waveform] and [Falling Waveform] > keyword descriptions >>> The above refers to where the keyword is placed textually within the specification document itself, not within a particular model. > > === end === > > But Input buffer has no [Rising Waveform] or [Falling Waveform]. > I/O buffer does have, but Input buffer does not have and > we have no place to place [Receiver Delay] keyword. > > If the answer is a), then, hey, how we can apply ramp > signal to input of the output buffer, if we do not know > its impedance, Capacitance, etc. ?? >>> Again, the [Receiver Delay] is used to build a receiver model-- it has nothing to do with an output or the output part of an I/O pin. > > > ********* > * 2 * > ********* > > 2) Examples are confusing. The should give receiver delay. >>> No. The intent was NOT to spec an absolute delay thru the buffer, but the *change* in delay due to differing overdrive and input waveform slope conditions. As I detail below, the intent is that by detailing the change in propagation delay thru the receiver for various controlled conditions, a simulation vendor can construct a model that predicts the receiver's behavior for any arbitrary waveform. You are correct that the delay columns in the second example are missing the "nS" suffix. This will be fixed. > What we have in example 1: > > ===begin=== > > [Receiver Delay] > Start_point = 0.8v > Slope = 1v/1ns > End_point TABLE > |variable typ min max > 1.4 INF 7.0ns INF > 1.5 INF 5.0ns INF > 1.51 INF 3.0ns 10.0ns > 1.53 7.0ns 0.0ns 7.0ns > 1.55 2.0ns 0.0ns 1.0ns > 1.6 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > 1.7 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > 2.0 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > 2.1 0.1ns 0.1ns 0.1ns > 2.5 -0.2ns -0.1ns -0.5ns > > === end === > > delay is about 1ns, ok > > example 2: > > ===begin=== > > [Receiver Delay] > Start_point = 0.8v > End_point = 2.0v > Slope TABLE > |variable typ min max > 0.05/1ns -1.0 -3.5 -1.0 > 0.25/1ns -0.75 -2.0 -0.05 > 0.50/1ns -0.01 -0.5 -0.0 > 0.60/1ns 0.0 0.25 0.0 > 0.75/1ns 0.0 0.0 0.0 > 1.00/1ns 0.0 0.0 0.0 > 2.00/1ns +0.5 +0.2 +1.0 > > === end === > > is it a delay about 1s, or data are in Volts, > or Nano is missing, or what is it? > > > > ********* > * 3 * > ********* > > 3) Some delays are negative. This is very very bad. > Should be always positive. Just from stand point of > causality. You apply a signal and then 1ns BEFORE that event > your receiver tells you the signal has arrived. > Simulators have to add some 'base' delay. > Simulator_A will add 1ns, Simulator_B will add 10ns, etc. > Why not IBIS spec add this 'base' delay and all have > less headahe? > >>> As I pointed out above, the intent is to show the change in propagation delay, and a negative change is perfectly OK. Now, you do raise a good issue about 'base delay'. I do not know if base delay is an important variable in constructing a behavioral receiver model, of if different simulators will come up with different models because they assumed different base delays. I do assume base delay can be approximated by looking at the setup time specification for a particular pin. I hesitate, however, to have IBIS spec a 'base delay' -- at least not without a lot of simulator vendor input. > > ********* > * 4 * > ********* > > 4) Input buffer has Vinl, Vinh. If [Receiver Delay]-s > are specified, then Vinl, Vinh should be discarded. Right? > If ONLY 1 [Receiver Delay] is given, say for rising ramp, > then we still use Vinl, Vinh, right ? > Vinl, Vinh MUST be always given and BE CONSISTENT with > [Receiver Delay] if the last is given. Right? > >>> I'm not sure I understand your comment. The Start_point and End_point parameters are not replacements for Vinh or Vinl. Start_point and End_point are in no way "specifications" of switching threshold. They (and Slope) simply describe a waveform applied to a receiver. Again, the idea is that with the right set of ideal waveforms, a simulator can construct a behavioral model of a receiver. I hope these responses help clarify the intent of the BIRD > > ********* > * end * > ********* > > > > From owner-ibis Wed Aug 11 16:00:17 1999 Received: from mail.nesa.com (mail.nesa.com [204.240.29.34]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id QAA11163; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 16:00:16 -0700 (PDT) Received: from porky (porky.nesa.com [204.240.29.45]) by mail.nesa.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id RAA32733; Wed, 11 Aug 1999 17:13:31 -0400 Message-Id: <3.0.5.32.19990811171756.00982d00@mail.nesa.com> X-Sender: breda@mail.nesa.com X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.5 (32) Date: Wed, 11 Aug 1999 17:17:56 -0400 To: ibis-users@eda.org, ibis@eda.org, si-list@silab.Eng.Sun.COM From: Kathy Breda Subject: IBIS SUMMIT - October 14, 1999 - Attendance/Presentations/Sponsors Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Greetings: The third annual east-coast IBIS Summit is rapidly approaching. Thursday, October 14, 1999, 8:30 - 4:00 Marlborough Holiday Inn, Marlborough, Massachusetts We're looking for your assistance---+ | v ACTIONS (respond to breda@nesa.com) * Are you interested in attending the summit? * Are you interested in presenting an IBIS related topic? * Is your company interested in helping to sponsor this event? Would you/your company like to be a sponsor for one of the following? The Meeting Room Morning Break Refreshments Lunch Afternoon Break Refreshments Cost estimates can be provided if you are interested in sponsorship. (breda@nesa.com) Thank you, Kathy Breda +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+ | NORTH EAST SYSTEMS ASSOCIATES, INC. | | ------------------------------------- | | "High Performance Engineering & Design" | +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+ | Kathy Breda e-mail: breda@nesa.com | | NESA, Inc. http://www.nesa.com/ | | 636 Great Road Tel +1.978.897-8787 | | Stow, MA 01775 USA Fax +1.978.897-5359 | +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+ From owner-ibis Thu Aug 12 06:39:57 1999 Received: from mailgate.cadence.com (mailgate.Cadence.COM [158.140.2.1]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id GAA15518; Thu, 12 Aug 1999 06:39:56 -0700 (PDT) Received: (from smap@localhost) by mailgate.cadence.com (8.8.5/8.6.8) id GAA20794; Thu, 12 Aug 1999 06:33:36 -0700 (PDT) Received: from zip.Cadence.COM(158.140.103.36) by mailgate.cadence.com via smap (mjr-v1.2) id xma934464814.020789; Thu, 12 Aug 99 06:33:34 -0700 Received: from cadence.com (d15814010553 [158.140.105.53]) by zip.Cadence.COM (8.7.3/8.7.3) with ESMTP id JAA15465; Thu, 12 Aug 1999 09:33:33 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <37B2CC65.99F996C@cadence.com> Date: Thu, 12 Aug 1999 09:30:13 -0400 From: Mike LaBonte Organization: Cadence Design Systems X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.6 [en] (WinNT; U) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Stephen Peters CC: ibis@eda.org, ibis-users@eda.org Subject: Re: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers References: <199908101522.IAA04758@xtg801.pdx.intel.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit From what I have read so far, BIRD #61 specifies a timing *correction* table mechanism, as opposed to a more sophisticated algorithm for dynamically determining when a receiver has switched. The way I see it, a simulator would have to: 1) Determine switch times at a receiver using good 'ol Vmeas. 2) Analyze the waveform around the Vmeas switch point and use the [Receiver Delay] info to determine a correction factor. 3) Offset the switch time by the correction factor and use this in timing measurements. This seems OK for signal integrity style simulations, in which propagation of a signal through interconnect is analyzed, but propagation through components is not. However, a more functional style of simulation in which the received signal propagates through a component and into another piece of interconnect would not be served well by this BIRD. This limitation is OK for analysis of common clock designs, in which the output buffer transition start times are governed more by the system clock than anything else. However, with source synchronous designs we may find ourselves wanting to analyze some reasonable subset of the design, at least a few nets that participate in a tight bus protocol, in a functional manner. At this time the simulator would have to accurately model the propagation time(s) through the component. The only reason I bring this up is because we seem to agree that the seemingly endless stream of enhancements that IBIS needs to keep up with technology, is causing us pain. We can at least try to make our changes last a little longer. OK, now I can return to discussing what this BIRD *does* address (steps down from soap box). Are IBIS models limited to having only one [Receiver Delay] table? If so, how do we specify separate corrections for rising and falling inputs? I would expect that at least two tables would be required, one with Start_point less than End_point (rise), and one with Start_point greater than End_point (fall). It is not clear to me that this would be allowed, and I would expect the specification to have an example showing both rise and fall. I would not expect to use a single table "in reverse" to determine falling switch time corrections. Mike Stephen Peters wrote: > > Hello All: > > Following is the first in a series of BIRDS that aim to enhance > IBIS's ability to specifying and characterizing receivers. Comments > appreciated. > > Regards, > Stephen Peters > Intel Corp. > > =================================== > > Buffer Issue Resolution Document (BIRD) > > BIRD ID#: 61 > ISSUE TITLE: Enhanced Characterization of Receivers > REQUESTOR: D.C Sessions (Philips), Richard Mellitz, Stephen Peters, > Arpad Muranyi (Intel Corp) > DATE SUBMITTED: August 9, 1999 > DATE ACCEPTED BY IBIS OPEN FORUM: > > ******************************************************************************* ... From owner-ibis Fri Aug 13 11:39:32 1999 Received: from relay1.wv.mentorg.com (relay1.mentorg.com [192.94.38.42]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id LAA22309 for ; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 11:39:31 -0700 (PDT) Received: from em-wv03.wv.mentorg.com by relay1.wv.mentorg.com (8.8.8/CF5.40F) id LAA25844; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 11:32:39 -0700 (PDT) Received: from mentor.com by em-wv03.wv.mentorg.com (8.8.8/CF5.40R) id LAA04641; Fri, 13 Aug 1999 11:32:36 -0700 (PDT) Sender: bob_ross@mentorg.com Message-ID: <37B464C4.6FABAE85@mentor.com> Date: Fri, 13 Aug 1999 11:32:36 -0700 From: Bob Ross X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.05 [en] (X11; I; SunOS 5.5.1 sun4u) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: ibis@eda.org CC: bob_ross@mentorg.com Subject: IBIS Meeting Agenda 8/20/99 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit IBIS Open Forum Meeting Agenda for 8/20/99 Bridge Number Reservation # Passcode (916) 356-9200 8-34300 1159828 All meetings are 8:00 AM to 9:55 AM Pacific Time. When you call into the meeting, ask for the IBIS Open Forum hosted by Will Hobbs and give the Reservation Number and Passcode. 8:00 Check-In, Intros, Announcements Ross - Intros of New IBIS Participants, Meeting Quorum Ross - Membership Update and Treasurers Report Ross/Fleming - Review of Previous Meeting's Minutes (and ARs) Ross - Miscellany/Announcements All - Press & Web Page Updates Huq, All - New Models Available, Library Update Powell, All - Opens for New Issues All 8:15 Administrative and Project Discussions International/External Progress - IEC 62014-1 (IBIS Version 2.1) Ross/Fleming - pr EIAJ ED-5302 Standard for I/O Interface Model for Integrated Circuits (IMIC) Raghuram/Ross - 93/67/NP IBIS and EMC Simulation Perrin - JEDEC JC-16.2 Modeling and Testing Sessions IBIS (East) Users Group Meetings Haller IBIS Summit October 14, 1999 Ross - Attendence, Sponsorship S2ibis3 Committee Activities Cohen Cookbook Status Peters IBIS Model Review Committee Flora New Administrative Issues All 8:40 Technical Discussion BIRD59.1 - Model Spec Diagrams Ross - Discussion and Vote BIRD60 - Electrical Board Description Diagrams Ross - Discussion and Vote SP-4557 Letter Ballot Comments Review from SiQual Ross - Discussion and Vote Release of Version 3.2 to EIA for EIA-656-A Ross - Other Version 3.2 Comments - Vote Accuracy Specification Discussion Haller/Edlund BUG34 - No Error Reported for Missing V/I Tables in Flora Output Buffers BUG36 - Reserve Words Error for Pin Mapping and Ross Series Pin Mapping BUG37 - Pin Mapping for Unique GND or POWER Pin Ross Generates Error BIRD61 - Enhanced Characterization of Receivers Peters Connector Proposal Status Flora Number of Points in VT table Muranyi New Technical Issues All 9:50 Wrap Up and Next Meetings Plans Peters 9:55 Sign Off From owner-ibis Sun Aug 15 15:07:02 1999 Received: from gonzo.wolfenet.com (root@sea-pm3-3-p218.wolfenet.com [206.159.28.218]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id PAA26934; Sun, 15 Aug 1999 15:06:55 -0700 (PDT) Received: (from green@localhost) by gonzo.wolfenet.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA12848; Sun, 15 Aug 1999 14:59:00 -0700 Message-ID: X-Mailer: XFMail 1.3 [p0] on Linux X-Priority: 3 (Normal) Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit MIME-Version: 1.0 In-Reply-To: <199908112031.NAA19039@xtg801.pdx.intel.com> Date: Sun, 15 Aug 1999 14:59:00 -0700 (PDT) Reply-To: green@wolfenet.com Sender: green@gonzo.wolfenet.com From: Lynne Green To: lgreen@hyperlnx.com Subject: Re: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers Cc: ibis-users@eda.org, ibis@eda.org, nikolai@avanticorp.com >> A NEGATIVE delay is possible for ANY logic circuit. Example: a simple inverter, with its threshold at any level except exactly Vcc/2. Apply a slow ramp, and measure the 50% to 50% delay. It will be negative for either the rising or falling edge (depending on whether the threshold was under/over Vcc/2). This happens because logic gates switch when they reach a voltage threshold determined by transistor sizing. While I would not expect a negative delay for most I/O, it is certainly not forbidden at light loading. And a negative increment in delay is almost certain at light loading, as pointed out by others. Lynne Green HyperLynx >> ********* >> * 3 * >> ********* >> >> 3) Some delays are negative. This is very very bad. >> Should be always positive. Just from stand point of >> causality. You apply a signal and then 1ns BEFORE that event >> your receiver tells you the signal has arrived. >> Simulators have to add some 'base' delay. >> Simulator_A will add 1ns, Simulator_B will add 10ns, etc. >> Why not IBIS spec add this 'base' delay and all have >> less headahe? >> > > >>> As I pointed out above, the intent is to show the change in > propagation delay, and a negative change is perfectly OK. > Now, you do raise a good issue about 'base delay'. I do not know > if base delay is an important variable in constructing a > behavioral receiver model, of if different simulators will come > up with different models because they assumed different base > delays. I do assume base delay can be approximated by looking > at the setup time specification for a particular pin. I hesitate, > however, to have IBIS spec a 'base delay' -- at least not without > a lot of simulator vendor input. >> ---------------------------------- E-Mail: Lynne Green Date: 15-Aug-99 Time: 14:46:38 This message was sent by XFMail ---------------------------------- From owner-ibis Mon Aug 16 09:46:53 1999 Received: from osiris.vlsi.com (relayhost.vlsi.com [134.27.20.23]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id JAA02529 for ; Mon, 16 Aug 1999 09:46:53 -0700 (PDT) Received: (from smtp@localhost) by osiris.vlsi.com (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id JAA16479 for ; Mon, 16 Aug 1999 09:40:00 -0700 (PDT) X-Authentication-Warning: osiris.vlsi.com: smtp set sender to using -f Received: from (tem-pbx1.tempe.vlsi.com [134.27.128.26]) by osiris.vlsi.com via smap (V2.0) id xma016465; Mon, 16 Aug 99 09:39:33 -0700 Received: from vlsi.com (witsend.tempe.vlsi.com [134.27.133.12]) by tem-pbx1.tempe.vlsi.com with SMTP (Microsoft Exchange Internet Mail Service Version 5.5.2448.0) id Q1NCK4S5; Mon, 16 Aug 1999 09:39:32 -0700 Sender: dsession@osiris.vlsi.com Message-ID: <37B83EC4.CF2E96C@vlsi.com> Date: Mon, 16 Aug 1999 09:39:32 -0700 From: "D. C. Sessions" Reply-To: ibis@eda.org Organization: VLSI Technology Inc. X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.6 [en] (X11; U; SunOS 5.5.1 sun4m) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: ibis@eda.org Subject: Re: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers References: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Please note that I've trimmed the distribution to the standards list. Presumably there is a difference between the standards list and the users list, and this falls across that line. Lynne Green wrote: > > >> > A NEGATIVE delay is possible for ANY logic circuit. Example: a simple inverter, > with its threshold at any level except exactly Vcc/2. Apply a slow ramp, and > measure the 50% to 50% delay. It will be negative for either the rising or > falling edge (depending on whether the threshold was under/over Vcc/2). > This happens because logic gates switch when they reach a voltage threshold > determined by transistor sizing. > > While I would not expect a negative delay for most I/O, it is certainly not > forbidden at light loading. And a negative increment in delay is almost certain > at light loading, as pointed out by others. Welcome to the debate. The question is: do you or any of the the other algorithm troglodytes have comments on the feasibility of implementing input delay models based on the table scheme we presented? We really care -- honestly. -- D. C. Sessions dc.sessions@vlsi.com From owner-ibis Mon Aug 16 10:16:22 1999 Received: from rgate2.ricochet.net (rgate2.ricochet.net [204.179.143.3]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id KAA02611 for ; Mon, 16 Aug 1999 10:16:22 -0700 (PDT) Received: from hyperstar (mg-206253200-150.ricochet.net [206.253.200.150]) by rgate2.ricochet.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id MAA09740 for ; Mon, 16 Aug 1999 12:09:55 -0500 (CDT) Message-Id: <199908161709.MAA09740@rgate2.ricochet.net> X-Sender: kellee@pop.nwlink.com X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 4.0 Date: Mon, 16 Aug 1999 10:04:03 -0700 To: ibis@eda.org From: Kellee Crisafulli Subject: Re: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers In-Reply-To: <37B83EC4.CF2E96C@vlsi.com> References: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Hi DC, At 09:39 AM 8/16/99 -0700, D. C. Sessions wrote: >The question is: do you or any of the the other algorithm troglodytes >have comments on the feasibility of implementing input delay models >based on the table scheme we presented? Wasn't this a startrek episode? As I recall the algorithm troglodytes ended up destroying their evil masters (that sat around all day thinking up difficult to impliment IC concepts) and then the troglodytes ended up taking over control of their planet. The background was that the poor algorithm troglodytes were being mentally effected by working in software mines all day and they had to breathe in toxic algorithms all day but they eventually liberated themselves with the help of Kirk by switching to C++ and putting everything in nice containers. Monday grins and giggles... Kellee From owner-ibis Mon Aug 16 10:37:49 1999 Received: from osiris.vlsi.com (relayhost.vlsi.com [134.27.20.23]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id KAA02664 for ; Mon, 16 Aug 1999 10:37:48 -0700 (PDT) Received: (from smtp@localhost) by osiris.vlsi.com (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id KAA19537 for ; Mon, 16 Aug 1999 10:30:55 -0700 (PDT) X-Authentication-Warning: osiris.vlsi.com: smtp set sender to using -f Received: from (tem-pbx1.tempe.vlsi.com [134.27.128.26]) by osiris.vlsi.com via smap (V2.0) id xma019510; Mon, 16 Aug 99 10:30:24 -0700 Received: from vlsi.com (witsend.tempe.vlsi.com [134.27.133.12]) by tem-pbx1.tempe.vlsi.com with SMTP (Microsoft Exchange Internet Mail Service Version 5.5.2448.0) id Q1NCK4WB; Mon, 16 Aug 1999 10:30:23 -0700 Sender: dsession@osiris.vlsi.com Message-ID: <37B84AAF.DB6C1A42@vlsi.com> Date: Mon, 16 Aug 1999 10:30:23 -0700 From: "D. C. Sessions" Reply-To: ibis@eda.org Organization: VLSI Technology Inc. X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.6 [en] (X11; U; SunOS 5.5.1 sun4m) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: ibis@eda.org Subject: Re: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers References: <199908161709.MAA09740@rgate2.ricochet.net> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Kellee Crisafulli wrote: > > Hi DC, > > At 09:39 AM 8/16/99 -0700, D. C. Sessions wrote: > >The question is: do you or any of the the other algorithm troglodytes > >have comments on the feasibility of implementing input delay models > >based on the table scheme we presented? > > Wasn't this a startrek episode? > As I recall the algorithm troglodytes ended up destroying their evil > masters (that sat around all day thinking up difficult to impliment IC > concepts) > and then the troglodytes ended up taking over control of their planet. > The background was that the poor algorithm troglodytes were being > mentally effected by working in software mines all day and they had to > breathe in toxic algorithms all day but they eventually liberated > themselves with the help of Kirk by switching to C++ and putting > everything in nice containers. Did they look like penguins or was that just a dream brought on by DAC and Cajun food? -- D. C. Sessions dc.sessions@vlsi.com From owner-ibis Mon Aug 16 11:33:21 1999 Received: from mailhost.avanticorp.com (uucp@mailhost.avanticorp.com [207.220.204.13]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id LAA02804 for ; Mon, 16 Aug 1999 11:33:21 -0700 (PDT) From: nikolai@avanticorp.com Received: (from uucp@localhost) by mailhost.avanticorp.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA11021; Mon, 16 Aug 1999 11:26:56 -0700 (PDT) Received: from arcs100.svd.avanticorp.com(172.16.0.170) via SMTP by shamu.avanticorp.com, id smtpdAAAMLSMa_; Mon Aug 16 11:26:52 1999 Received: from av20121.svd.avanticorp.com (av20121.svd.avanticorp.com [172.16.20.121]) by arcs100.svd.avanticorp.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id LAA17043; Mon, 16 Aug 1999 11:26:52 -0700 (PDT) Received: (from nikolai@localhost) by av20121.svd.avanticorp.com (8.9.3+Sun/8.9.3) id LAA02689; Mon, 16 Aug 1999 11:26:47 -0700 (PDT) Date: Mon, 16 Aug 1999 11:26:47 -0700 (PDT) Message-Id: <199908161826.LAA02689@av20121.svd.avanticorp.com> To: ibis@eda.org, kellee@hyperlynx.com Subject: Re: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers X-Sun-Charset: US-ASCII :-) From owner-ibis@server.eda.org Mon Aug 16 11:16 PDT 1999 :-) X-Sender: kellee@pop.nwlink.com :-) Date: Mon, 16 Aug 1999 10:04:03 -0700 :-) To: ibis@eda.org :-) From: Kellee Crisafulli :-) Subject: Re: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers :-) Mime-Version: 1.0 :-) :-) Hi DC, :-) :-) At 09:39 AM 8/16/99 -0700, D. C. Sessions wrote: :-) >The question is: do you or any of the the other algorithm troglodytes :-) >have comments on the feasibility of implementing input delay models :-) >based on the table scheme we presented? :-) :-) Wasn't this a startrek episode? :-) As I recall the algorithm troglodytes ended up destroying their evil :-) masters (that sat around all day thinking up difficult to impliment IC :-) concepts) :-) and then the troglodytes ended up taking over control of their planet. :-) The background was that the poor algorithm troglodytes were being :-) mentally effected by working in software mines all day and they had to :-) breathe in toxic algorithms all day but they eventually liberated :-) themselves with the help of Kirk by switching to C++ and putting :-) everything in nice containers. almost last century, for next it has to be java, so you can run the code even on your dishwasher :-) :-) Monday grins and giggles... :-) Kellee :-) :-) :-) From owner-ibis Wed Aug 18 13:44:22 1999 Received: from hazard.hyperlynx.com (root@[209.20.246.211]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id NAA15722 for ; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 13:44:22 -0700 (PDT) Received: from squidge ([192.168.148.61]) by hazard.hyperlynx.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id NAA02440 for ; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 13:36:25 -0700 Message-ID: <003801bee9ba$42479950$3d94a8c0@hyperlynx.com> From: "Matthew Flora" To: References: <37B83EC4.CF2E96C@vlsi.com> Subject: Re: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers Date: Wed, 18 Aug 1999 13:42:59 -0700 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300 All, > The question is: do you or any of the the other algorithm troglodytes > have comments on the feasibility of implementing input delay models > based on the table scheme we presented? Well, I am concerned that about the use of the new INF reserved word in the receiver delay table: > | Use of INF as a Receiver Delay: > | When building a receiver delay table the user may specify an > | input condition that does not result in the receiver's output > | changing state. In that case, the receiver delay is considered > | infinite, and the reserved word INF is used in the delay > | column. See the examples below. > | An example table showing how receiver delay varies vs. overdrive. > | Note the use of the reserved word INF. > | > [Receiver Delay] > Start_point = 0.8v > Slope = 1v/1ns > End_point TABLE > |variable typ min max > 1.4 INF 7.0ns INF > 1.5 INF 5.0ns INF > 1.51 INF 3.0ns 10.0ns > 1.53 7.0ns 0.0ns 7.0ns > 1.55 2.0ns 0.0ns 1.0ns > 1.6 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > 1.7 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > 2.0 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > 2.1 0.1ns 0.1ns 0.1ns > 2.5 -0.2ns -0.1ns -0.5ns Often, interpolation/extrapolation is used when trying to look up values in tables. When INF appears in the table, doesn't it present a discontinuity in the data? One of the examples given showed a delay delta of 7.0ns at 1.53V and INF at 1.51V. What would the delta delay be at 1.52V? Where is the elbow in the curve? Is this simply a case of the table not having enough data points? Regards, Matthew Flora IBIS Open Forum Postmaster (425) 869-2320 PH (425) 881-1008 FAX mbflora@hyperlynx.com HyperLynx, 14715 NE 95th Street, Redmond, WA 98052 USA From owner-ibis Wed Aug 18 14:57:28 1999 Received: from osiris.vlsi.com (relayhost.vlsi.com [134.27.20.23]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id OAA15887 for ; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 14:57:28 -0700 (PDT) Received: (from smtp@localhost) by osiris.vlsi.com (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id OAA01759 for ; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 14:50:33 -0700 (PDT) X-Authentication-Warning: osiris.vlsi.com: smtp set sender to using -f Received: from (tem-pbx1.tempe.vlsi.com [134.27.128.26]) by osiris.vlsi.com via smap (V2.0) id xma001743; Wed, 18 Aug 99 14:50:23 -0700 Received: from vlsi.com (witsend.tempe.vlsi.com [134.27.133.12]) by tem-pbx1.tempe.vlsi.com with SMTP (Microsoft Exchange Internet Mail Service Version 5.5.2448.0) id Q1NCKXGM; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 14:50:22 -0700 Sender: dsession@osiris.vlsi.com Message-ID: <37BB2A9E.C935BDD9@vlsi.com> Date: Wed, 18 Aug 1999 14:50:22 -0700 From: "D. C. Sessions" Reply-To: ibis@eda.org Organization: VLSI Technology Inc. X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.6 [en] (X11; U; SunOS 5.5.1 sun4m) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: ibis@eda.org Subject: Re: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers References: <37B83EC4.CF2E96C@vlsi.com> <003801bee9ba$42479950$3d94a8c0@hyperlynx.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Matthew Flora wrote: > > All, > > > The question is: do you or any of the the other algorithm troglodytes > > have comments on the feasibility of implementing input delay models > > based on the table scheme we presented? > > Well, I am concerned that about the use of the new INF reserved word in the > receiver delay table: Can't be helped. If the rcvr trips at 1.218 volts rising and your wave only goes to 1.193 volts the receiver never trips -- which is a pretty good approximation to "inifinite." OTOH you can't just ignore that point because under some other condition it WILL trip. > > | Use of INF as a Receiver Delay: > > | When building a receiver delay table the user may specify an > > | input condition that does not result in the receiver's output > > | changing state. In that case, the receiver delay is considered > > | infinite, and the reserved word INF is used in the delay > > | column. See the examples below. > > > | An example table showing how receiver delay varies vs. overdrive. > > | Note the use of the reserved word INF. > > | > > [Receiver Delay] > > Start_point = 0.8v > > Slope = 1v/1ns > > End_point TABLE > > |variable typ min max > > 1.4 INF 7.0ns INF > > 1.5 INF 5.0ns INF > > 1.51 INF 3.0ns 10.0ns > > 1.53 7.0ns 0.0ns 7.0ns > > 1.55 2.0ns 0.0ns 1.0ns > > 1.6 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > > 1.7 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > > 2.0 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > > 2.1 0.1ns 0.1ns 0.1ns > > 2.5 -0.2ns -0.1ns -0.5ns > > Often, interpolation/extrapolation is used when trying to look up values in > tables. When INF appears in the table, doesn't it present a discontinuity in > the data? One of the examples given showed a delay delta of 7.0ns at 1.53V > and INF at 1.51V. What would the delta delay be at 1.52V? Where is the elbow > in the curve? Is this simply a case of the table not having enough data > points? I don't see how you could use the data from the tables directly, thus interpolation is irrelevant. The problem that we're up against is that unlike the output path, with a small number of variables (rise, fall) leading to a large number of outputs (V/T or I/V points), there are an infinite number of possible input stimuli leading to a small number of output results (timing changes.) Thus the usual IBIS enumeration/extrapolation methods won't work. Then again, you can't use V/T curves and I/V curves by brute force either. So what we're anticipating -- and what we need a sanity check on -- is that you'll come up with some sort of abstract timing model similar to the noninteger polynomial I presented in San Diego, and then use the tabulated data to correlate in the parameters. Actual rundata would be evaluated against your abstract model (double integral or whatever.) As a model check we're intending to add a "golden waveform" construct as well so that a complex waveform can be checked agains the tool's internal model to see if it gets something like the right result. -- D. C. Sessions dc.sessions@vlsi.com From owner-ibis Wed Aug 18 15:37:46 1999 Received: from hebe.or.intel.com (hebe.or.intel.com [134.134.248.4]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id PAA15939 for ; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 15:37:46 -0700 (PDT) Received: from ichips-jf.jf.intel.com (ichips-jf.jf.intel.com [134.134.50.200]) by hebe.or.intel.com (8.9.1a+p1/8.9.1/d: relay.m4,v 1.6 1998/11/24 22:10:56 iwep Exp iwep $) with ESMTP id PAA29709; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 15:41:57 -0700 (PDT) Received: from xtg801.pdx.intel.com (xtg801.pdx.intel.com [134.134.114.35]) by ichips-jf.jf.intel.com (8.9.1a/8.9.1/d: internal.m4,v 1.2 1998/11/09 19:18:37 iwep Exp iwep $) with ESMTP id PAA04679; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 15:31:21 -0700 (PDT) Received: from ichips.intel.com (localhost.pdx.intel.com [127.0.0.1]) by xtg801.pdx.intel.com (8.9.1a/8.9.1/d: client.m4,v 1.3 1998/09/29 16:36:11 sedayao Exp sedayao $) with ESMTP id PAA18891; Wed, 18 Aug 1999 15:31:20 -0700 (PDT) Message-Id: <199908182231.PAA18891@xtg801.pdx.intel.com> X-Mailer: exmh version 2.0delta 6/3/97 To: "Matthew Flora" cc: ibis@eda.org Subject: Re: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers In-reply-to: Your message of "Wed, 18 Aug 1999 13:42:59 PDT." <003801bee9ba$42479950$3d94a8c0@hyperlynx.com> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Date: Wed, 18 Aug 1999 15:31:19 -0700 From: Stephen Peters Kellee wrote: > Well, I am concerned that about the use of the new INF reserved word in the > receiver delay table: > Often, interpolation/extrapolation is used when trying to look up values in > tables. When INF appears in the table, doesn't it present a discontinuity in > the data? One of the examples given showed a delay delta of 7.0ns at 1.53V > and INF at 1.51V. What would the delta delay be at 1.52V? Where is the elbow > in the curve? Is this simply a case of the table not having enough data > points? > The simple answer is yes -- the intent of the example was to show syntax rather than real data. A realistic example would have many more point around the input threshold point of the buffer. However, it seems to me that the use of the INF value cannot be avoided completely. Does this mean a behavioral receiver model based on table lookup becomes impractical, or does it just mean that the modeler (data supplier) needs to be *really* careful about the points picked? Regards, Stephen Peters Intel Corp. From owner-ibis Thu Aug 19 11:48:10 1999 Received: from hazard.hyperlynx.com (root@[209.20.246.211]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id LAA21105 for ; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 11:48:09 -0700 (PDT) Received: from squidge ([192.168.148.61]) by hazard.hyperlynx.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id LAA08526 for ; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 11:40:01 -0700 Message-ID: <001101beea73$32163f50$3d94a8c0@hyperlynx.com> From: "Matthew Flora" To: References: <37B83EC4.CF2E96C@vlsi.com> <003801bee9ba$42479950$3d94a8c0@hyperlynx.com> <37BB2A9E.C935BDD9@vlsi.com> Subject: Re: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers Date: Thu, 19 Aug 1999 11:46:49 -0700 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300 D. C., > > > | An example table showing how receiver delay varies vs. overdrive. > > > | Note the use of the reserved word INF. > > > | > > > [Receiver Delay] > > > Start_point = 0.8v > > > Slope = 1v/1ns > > > End_point TABLE > > > |variable typ min max > > > 1.4 INF 7.0ns INF > > > 1.5 INF 5.0ns INF > > > 1.51 INF 3.0ns 10.0ns > > > 1.53 7.0ns 0.0ns 7.0ns > > > 1.55 2.0ns 0.0ns 1.0ns > > > 1.6 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > > > 1.7 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > > > 2.0 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > > > 2.1 0.1ns 0.1ns 0.1ns > > > 2.5 -0.2ns -0.1ns -0.5ns > > > > Often, interpolation/extrapolation is used when trying to look up values in > > tables. When INF appears in the table, doesn't it present a discontinuity in > > the data? One of the examples given showed a delay delta of 7.0ns at 1.53V > > and INF at 1.51V. What would the delta delay be at 1.52V? Where is the elbow > > in the curve? Is this simply a case of the table not having enough data > > points? > > I don't see how you could use the data from the tables directly, thus > interpolation is irrelevant. I thought we are supposed to use the delay deltas in the table to adjust the receiver's propagation delay. So using the example above (from the text of the BIRD), if the rising edge at the buffer's input rises to a final voltage of 1.55v, then Tco must be adjusted by 2.0ns. Correct? However, if the rising edge at the buffer's input rises to a final voltage of 1.54v, then Tco must be adjusted by a value interpolated between 7.0ns at 1.53v and 2.0ns at 1.55v. Correct? Great. Now suppose the rising edge at the buffer's input rises to a final voltage of 1.52v. Will the output switch? If so, what adjustment must be made to Tco? I believe the BIRD needs to spell this out. Cheers, Matthew Flora IBIS Open Forum Postmaster (425) 869-2320 PH (425) 881-1008 FAX mbflora@hyperlynx.com HyperLynx, 14715 NE 95th Street, Redmond, WA 98052 USA From owner-ibis Thu Aug 19 12:27:07 1999 Received: from isis.vlsi.com (relayhost.vlsi.com [134.27.20.24]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id MAA21397 for ; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 12:27:06 -0700 (PDT) Received: (from smtp@localhost) by isis.vlsi.com (8.9.1a/8.9.1) id MAA14046 for ; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 12:20:10 -0700 (PDT) X-Authentication-Warning: isis.vlsi.com: smtp set sender to using -f Received: from (tem-pbx1.tempe.vlsi.com [134.27.128.26]) by isis.vlsi.com via smap (V2.0) id xma014042; Thu, 19 Aug 99 12:19:56 -0700 Received: from vlsi.com (witsend.tempe.vlsi.com [134.27.133.12]) by tem-pbx1.tempe.vlsi.com with SMTP (Microsoft Exchange Internet Mail Service Version 5.5.2448.0) id RHRQSW66; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 12:19:54 -0700 Sender: dsession@isis.vlsi.com Message-ID: <37BC58DB.7BC3990@vlsi.com> Date: Thu, 19 Aug 1999 12:19:55 -0700 From: "D. C. Sessions" Reply-To: ibis@eda.org Organization: VLSI Technology Inc. X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.6 [en] (X11; U; SunOS 5.5.1 sun4m) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: ibis@eda.org Subject: Re: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers References: <37B83EC4.CF2E96C@vlsi.com> <003801bee9ba$42479950$3d94a8c0@hyperlynx.com> <37BB2A9E.C935BDD9@vlsi.com> <001101beea73$32163f50$3d94a8c0@hyperlynx.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Matthew Flora wrote: > > D. C., > > > > > | An example table showing how receiver delay varies vs. overdrive. > > > > | Note the use of the reserved word INF. > > > > | > > > > [Receiver Delay] > > > > Start_point = 0.8v > > > > Slope = 1v/1ns > > > > End_point TABLE > > > > |variable typ min max > > > > 1.4 INF 7.0ns INF > > > > 1.5 INF 5.0ns INF > > > > 1.51 INF 3.0ns 10.0ns > > > > 1.53 7.0ns 0.0ns 7.0ns > > > > 1.55 2.0ns 0.0ns 1.0ns > > > > 1.6 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > > > > 1.7 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > > > > 2.0 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > > > > 2.1 0.1ns 0.1ns 0.1ns > > > > 2.5 -0.2ns -0.1ns -0.5ns > > > > > > Often, interpolation/extrapolation is used when trying to look up values in > > > tables. When INF appears in the table, doesn't it present a discontinuity in > > > the data? One of the examples given showed a delay delta of 7.0ns at 1.53V > > > and INF at 1.51V. What would the delta delay be at 1.52V? Where is the elbow > > > in the curve? Is this simply a case of the table not having enough data > > > points? > > > > I don't see how you could use the data from the tables directly, thus > > interpolation is irrelevant. > > I thought we are supposed to use the delay deltas in the table to adjust the > receiver's propagation delay. So using the example above (from the text of > the BIRD), if the rising edge at the buffer's input rises to a final voltage > of 1.55v, then Tco must be adjusted by 2.0ns. Correct? Yup, although it could be Tsu as readily. > However, if the rising edge at the buffer's input rises to a final voltage > of 1.54v, then Tco must be adjusted by a value interpolated between 7.0ns at > 1.53v and 2.0ns at 1.55v. Correct? One would expect so. Then again, in The Real World (tm) input waveforms are most unlikely indeed to slew neatly to 1.54 volts and then come to a screeching halt at exactly that point, so the question is somewhat academic. It is more appropriate to say that a simulator should respond to that highly-unlikely stimulus with a value between 2000ps and 7000ps. Given the same IBIS models with identical VT and IV tables, the same PWB database, etc. users get different answers from Hyperlynx' simulators, Interconnectix' simulators, Quad's simulators, Veribest's simulators, and so forth. That charming fact allows you as programmers to have fun on the job, your employers as vendors to differentiate their products and us as an industry to evolve our tools by selecting superior algorithms. Similarly, you can all come up with different interpolators. Please do. May the best algorithm win. > Great. Now suppose the rising edge at the buffer's input rises to a final > voltage of 1.52v. Will the output switch? If so, what adjustment must be > made to Tco? > > I believe the BIRD needs to spell this out. On the contrary, doing so would cast the answer into stone when there's no particular reason to suspect that it's even remotely right, much less optimal. Just as IBIS doesn't specify an algorithm for interpolating output impedance during transitions, it shouldn't specify an algorithm for predicting input delays. IBIS provides measurement points. YOU provide algorithms. C'mon, Matt! You don't want us to hog all the fun now, do you? -- D. C. Sessions dc.sessions@vlsi.com From owner-ibis Thu Aug 19 16:37:47 1999 Received: from hazard.hyperlynx.com (root@[209.20.246.211]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id QAA22988 for ; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 16:37:46 -0700 (PDT) Received: from squidge ([192.168.148.61]) by hazard.hyperlynx.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id QAA10201 for ; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 16:29:37 -0700 Message-ID: <001801beea9b$a8145d90$3d94a8c0@hyperlynx.com> From: "Matthew Flora" To: References: <37B83EC4.CF2E96C@vlsi.com> <003801bee9ba$42479950$3d94a8c0@hyperlynx.com> <37BB2A9E.C935BDD9@vlsi.com> <001101beea73$32163f50$3d94a8c0@hyperlynx.com> <37BC58DB.7BC3990@vlsi.com> Subject: Re: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers Date: Thu, 19 Aug 1999 16:36:27 -0700 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2314.1300 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2314.1300 D. C., > > | An example table showing how receiver delay varies vs. overdrive. > > | Note the use of the reserved word INF. > > | > > [Receiver Delay] > > Start_point = 0.8v > > Slope = 1v/1ns > > End_point TABLE > > |variable typ min max > > 1.4 INF 7.0ns INF > > 1.5 INF 5.0ns INF > > 1.51 INF 3.0ns 10.0ns > > 1.53 7.0ns 0.0ns 7.0ns > > 1.55 2.0ns 0.0ns 1.0ns > > 1.6 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > > 1.7 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > > 2.0 0.0ns 0.0ns 0.0ns > > 2.1 0.1ns 0.1ns 0.1ns > > 2.5 -0.2ns -0.1ns -0.5ns > > > Great. Now suppose the rising edge at the buffer's input rises to a final > > voltage of 1.52v. Will the output switch? If so, what adjustment must be > > made to Tco? > > > > I believe the BIRD needs to spell this out. > > On the contrary, doing so would cast the answer into stone when there's no > particular reason to suspect that it's even remotely right, much less optimal. > Just as IBIS doesn't specify an algorithm for interpolating output impedance > during transitions, it shouldn't specify an algorithm for predicting input > delays. > > IBIS provides measurement points. YOU provide algorithms. > C'mon, Matt! You don't want us to hog all the fun now, do you? You have hit upon my point. Any data not explicitly supplied in the table must be guessed at/approximated by whatever tools are processing the table. Therefore, I suggest that we include language under the [Receiver Delay] keyword that strongly recommends to the model creator that they include in their tables the last "End_point voltage" which is sufficient to cause the buffer to switch states and the first "End_point voltage" which is insufficient to cause a state change, with the understanding that the effects of any "End_point voltages" that fall in between the two are implementation dependent. In other words, indicate what would be considered a good [Receiver Delay] table (one with plenty of data points around the "interesting areas") and alert the model creator to behavior that is entirely dependant upon a tool. Informed model creators create better models. Cheers, Matthew Flora IBIS Open Forum Postmaster (425) 869-2320 PH (425) 881-1008 FAX mbflora@hyperlynx.com HyperLynx, 14715 NE 95th Street, Redmond, WA 98052 USA From owner-ibis Thu Aug 19 18:52:31 1999 Received: from jasper.cisco.com (jasper.cisco.com [171.69.198.63]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id SAA23289 for ; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 18:52:30 -0700 (PDT) Received: from jasper.cisco.com (jasper.cisco.com [171.69.198.63]) by jasper.cisco.com (8.8.8-Cisco List Logging/8.8.8) with SMTP id SAA17721; Thu, 19 Aug 1999 18:45:36 -0700 (PDT) Message-Id: <199908200145.SAA17721@jasper.cisco.com> Date: Thu, 19 Aug 1999 18:45:36 -0700 (PDT) From: Syed Huq Reply-To: Syed Huq Subject: Roster update for EIA/IBIS website To: ibis@eda.org Cc: shuq@cisco.com MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-MD5: Gj4ANWgm4r3OB0FXVv9uNQ== X-Mailer: dtmail 1.2.1 CDE Version 1.2.1 SunOS 5.6 sun4m sparc Hello, Once again, we need to update the roster entries on the IBIS website. This helps us keep current contact information for the IBIS community. Pls take a moment to review your information and send me an E-mail if anything needs to to be updated. If there are missing fields, pls provide those information as well. Non-member companies(without the '*' next to company name)who do not respond within a month will be removed from the roster. You can find the roster at: http://www.eia.org/eig/ibis/ibis.htm under the link 'IBIS Roster Listing'. Thanks, Syed EIA/IBIS webmaster Cisco Systems, Inc From owner-ibis Fri Aug 20 09:45:09 1999 Received: from ganymede.or.intel.com (ganymede.or.intel.com [134.134.248.3]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id JAA27220 for ; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 09:45:09 -0700 (PDT) Received: from ichips-jf.jf.intel.com (ichips-jf.jf.intel.com [134.134.50.200]) by ganymede.or.intel.com (8.9.1a+p1/8.9.1/d: relay.m4,v 1.6 1998/11/24 22:10:56 iwep Exp iwep $) with ESMTP id JAA08046 for ; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 09:38:45 -0700 (PDT) Received: from xtg801.pdx.intel.com (xtg801.pdx.intel.com [134.134.114.35]) by ichips-jf.jf.intel.com (8.9.1a/8.9.1/d: internal.m4,v 1.2 1998/11/09 19:18:37 iwep Exp iwep $) with ESMTP id JAA27034 for ; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 09:38:45 -0700 (PDT) Received: from ichips.intel.com (localhost.pdx.intel.com [127.0.0.1]) by xtg801.pdx.intel.com (8.9.1a/8.9.1/d: client.m4,v 1.3 1998/09/29 16:36:11 sedayao Exp sedayao $) with ESMTP id JAA03085 for ; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 09:38:44 -0700 (PDT) Message-Id: <199908201638.JAA03085@xtg801.pdx.intel.com> X-Mailer: exmh version 2.0delta 6/3/97 To: ibis@eda.org Subject: [Model Spec] discussion (positioning) Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Date: Fri, 20 Aug 1999 09:38:43 -0700 From: Stephen Peters Hello All: At the teleconference meeting today, there was an issue regarding if the [Model Spec] keyword is position dependent, and if the parser is in error. I took a look at the current wip spec (ver3_2g.ibs) and found the following statement: | Usage Rules: [Model Spec] must follow all other subparameters under the | [Model] keyword. To me, this pretty clearly states that the [Model Spec] *is* position dependent. If the parser also enforces this then for all practical purposes there is no issue -- it's an error to put the [Model Spec] any place other than directly after the [Model] keyword. If we don't want a position dependent keyword then that is a separate issue. Regards, Stephen Peters Intel Corp. From owner-ibis Fri Aug 20 13:32:50 1999 Received: from relay1.wv.mentorg.com (relay1.mentorg.com [192.94.38.42]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id NAA00872 for ; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 13:32:49 -0700 (PDT) Received: from em-wv03.wv.mentorg.com by relay1.wv.mentorg.com (8.8.8/CF5.40F) id NAA21115; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 13:25:55 -0700 (PDT) Received: from mentor.com by em-wv03.wv.mentorg.com (8.8.8/CF5.40R) id NAA04587; Fri, 20 Aug 1999 13:25:54 -0700 (PDT) Sender: bob_ross@mentorg.com Message-ID: <37BDB9D1.758E9883@mentor.com> Date: Fri, 20 Aug 1999 13:25:53 -0700 From: Bob Ross X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.05 [en] (X11; I; SunOS 5.5.1 sun4u) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: ibis@eda.org Subject: IBIS BIRD59.2 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit To IBIS Committee: BIRD59.2 is issued with some minor editorial changes made at the August 20, 1999 Meeting where it was approved. The minor changes are show with |** lines. Bob Ross Mentor Graphics ****************************************************************************** ****************************************************************************** BIRD ID#: 59.2 ISSUE TITLE: Model Spec Diagrams REQUESTER: Bob Ross, Mentor Graphics DATE SUBMITTED: August 3, 1999, August 6, 1999, August 20, 1999 DATE ACCEPTED BY IBIS OPEN FORUM: August 20, 1999 ****************************************************************************** ****************************************************************************** STATEMENT OF THE ISSUE: The need to illustrate some [Model Spec] subparameters was raised in letter ballot responses to SP-4557. ****************************************************************************** STATEMENT OF THE RESOLVED SPECIFICATIONS: The [Model Spec] keyword is presented with added diagrams. Added clarifying statement in the text are shown by |* lines. Included is a reference to Schmitt trigger inputs, and static overshoot definition. Replace the existing [Model Spec] keyword with the text below: |============================================================================= | Keyword: [Model Spec] | Required: No | Sub-Params: Vinh, Vinl, Vinh+, Vinh-, Vinl+, Vinl-, S_overshoot_high, | S_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_high, D_overshoot_low, | D_overshoot_time, Pulse_high, Pulse_low, Pulse_time, Vmeas | Description: The [Model Spec] keyword defines four columns under which | specification subparameters are defined. | | The following subparameters are defined: | Vinh Input voltage threshold high | Vinl Input voltage threshold low | Vinh+ Hysteresis threshold high max Vt+ | Vinh- Hysteresis threshold high min Vt+ | Vinl+ Hysteresis threshold low max Vt- | Vinl- Hysteresis threshold low min Vt- | S_overshoot_high Static overshoot high voltage | S_overshoot_low Static overshoot low voltage | D_overshoot_high Dynamic overshoot high voltage | D_overshoot_low Dynamic overshoot low voltage | D_overshoot_time Dynamic overshoot time | Pulse_high Pulse immunity high voltage | Pulse_low Pulse immunity low voltage | Pulse_time Pulse immunity time | Vmeas Measurement voltage for timing measurements | | Usage Rules: [Model Spec] must follow all other subparameters under the | [Model] keyword. | | For each subparameter contained in the first column, the | remaining three hold its typical, minimum and maximum values. | The entries of typical, minimum and maximum must be placed on | a single line and must be separated by at least one white | space or tab character. All four columns are required under | the [Model Spec] keyword. However, data is required only in | the typical column. If minimum and/or maximum values are not | available, the reserved word "NA" must be used indicating the | typical value by default. | | The minimum and maximum values are used for specifications | subparameter values that may track the min and max operation | conditions of the [Model]. Usually it is related to the | Voltage Range settings. | Remove this statement and replace it with the reworded statement below: | Unless noted below, each subparameter does not require having | any other subparameter. |* Unless noted below, no subparameter requires having present |* any other subparameter. End of rewording change | | Vinh, Vinl rules: | | The threshold subparameter lines provide additional min and | max column values, if needed. The typ column values are still | required and would be expected to override the Vinh and Vinl | subparameter values specified elsewhere. Note: the syntax | rule that require inserting Vinh and Vinl under models remains | unchanged even if the values are defined under the [Model | Spec] keyword. | Remove this paragraph in response to Intel Comment 6 | To mimic a hysteresis effect, the values of Vinh and Vinl may | be interchanged such that the Vinl value is larger than the | Vinh value. However, simulators may process this information | differently or report an error. | End of removed paragraph | Vinh+, Vinh-, Vinl+, Vinl- rules: | |* The four hysteresis subparmeters (used for Schmitt trigger | inputs for defining two thresholds for the rising edges and |* two thresholds for falling edges) must all be defined before |* independent input thresholds for rising and falling edges of | the hysteresis threshold rules become effective. Otherwise | the standard threshold subparameters remain in effect. The | hysteresis thresholds shall be at the Vinh+ and Vinh- values | for a low-to-high transition, and at the Vinl+ and Vinl- | values for a high-to-low transition. | | | | | Receiver Voltage with Hysteresis Thresholds | | | | |* | Rising Edge Falling Edge |* | Switching Region oo o Switching Region |* | | o oo ooooooooo | |* | V o o | |* Vinh+ - - - - - - - - - - x o | |* Vinh- - - - - - - - - - x o | |* | o o | |* | o o | |* | o oV |**Vinl+ - - - - - - - o - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - x |**Vinl- - - - - - - - o - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - x | | o o | | o o | |oooooo-----------------------------------------------------oooooooo | | Time --> | | S_overshoot_high, S_overshoot_low rules: | |** The static overshoot subparameters provide the DC voltage |** values for which the model is no longer guaranteed to function |* correctly. Typically these are voltages which would cause |* the physical component to be destroyed. | | D_overshoot_high, D_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_time rules: | | The dynamic overshoot values provide a time window during | which the overshoot may exceed the static overshoot limits | but be below the dynamic overshoot limits. D_overshoot_time | is required for dynamic overshoot testing. In addition, if | D_overshoot_high is specified, then S_overshoot_high is | necessary for testing beyond the static limit. Similarly, if | D_overshoot_low is specified, then S_overshoot_low is | necessary for testing beyond the static limit. | | | | | Receiver Voltage with Static and Dynamic Overshoot Limits | | | | | | D_overshoot_time ->| |<- | | | | | D_overshoot_high - - - - - - -+ - - -+ | | | oo | Passes - Does Not Exceed Bounds | | |o o | | S_overshoot_high - - - - - - -x o +- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - | | o o ooooooooo | | o o o | | o o | | o o | | o o | | o o | | o o | | o o Fails - | | o o Exceeds Bounds | | o o | | | | | o o V V V | |oooooo-------------------------------------------o---------o---oooo | S_overshoot_low - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - x +x x x - - | | |o x x | | | o o| | D_overshoot_low - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + -x x-+ | | | x | | D_overshoot_time ->| |<- | | Time --> | | Pulse_high, Pulse_low, Pulse_time rules: | | The pulse immunity values provide a time window during which | a rising pulse may exceed the nearest threshold value but | be below the pulse voltage value and still not cause the | input to switch. Pulse_time is required for pulse immunity | testing. A rising response is tested only if Pulse_high is | specified. Similarly, a falling response is tested only if | Pulse_low is specified. The rising response may exceed the | Vinl value, but remain below the Pulse_high value. | | Similarly, the falling response may drop below the Vinh value, | but remain above the Pulse_low value. In either case the | input is regarded as immune to switching if the responses | are within these extended windows. If the hysteresis | thresholds are defined, then the rising response shall use | Vinh- as the reference voltage, and the falling response shall | use Vinl+ as the reference voltage. | | | | | Receiver Voltage with Pulse Immunity Thresholds | | | | | | Switching No Switching | | | | | | | oo o | Switching | | | o oo ooooooooo | | | | | o o | | | | V o o V oooV | Vinh - - - - - - - - - - x - - - - - - - - - - - - - x o + -x | | Pulse_time ->| o |<- |ooo | o | Pulse_high - - - - - + o - + Pulse_low - + - - + o | | |o | Pulse_time ->| |<- o | Vinl - - - - - - - - x + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - x | | o o | | o o | | o o | |oooooo------------------------------------------------------------o | | Time --> | | Vmeas rules: | | The Vmeas values under the [Model Spec] keyword override the | Vmeas entry elsewhere. |----------------------------------------------------------------------------- [Model Spec] | Subparameter typ min max | | Thresholds | Vinh 3.5 3.15 3.85 | 70% of Vcc Vinl 1.5 1.35 1.65 | 30% of Vcc | | Vinh 3.835 3.335 4.335 | Offset from Vcc | Vinl 3.525 3.025 4.025 | for PECL | | Hysteresis | Vinh+ 2.0 NA NA | Overrides the Vinh- 1.6 NA NA | thresholds Vinl+ 1.1 NA NA Vinl- 0.6 NA NA | All 4 are required | | Overshoot | S_overshoot_high 5.5 5.0 6.0 | Static overshoot S_overshoot_low -0.5 NA NA D_overshoot_high 6.0 5.5 6.5 | Dynamic overshoot D_overshoot_low -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 | requires | | D_overshoot_time D_overshoot_time 20n 20n 20n | & static overshoot | | Pulse Immunity | Pulse_high 3V NA NA | Pulse immunity Pulse_low 0 NA NA | requires Pulse_time 3n NA NA | Pulse_time | | Timing Thresholds | Vmeas 3.68 3.18 4.68 | A 5 volt PECL | | example | |============================================================================= ****************************************************************************** ANALYSIS PATH/DATA THAT LED TO SPECIFICATION: Diagrams are added to clarify meanings and also to illustrate switching points for the Vinl-, Vinl+, Vinh-, and Vinh+ hysteresis subparameters and for the pulse immunity subparameters Pulse_high, Pulse_low, and Pulse_time. Diagrams also show regions where the receiver waveform passes and fails the overshoot constraints based on S_overshoot_high, S_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_high, D_overshoot_low, and D_overshoot_time subparameters. A short explaination is added for the static overshoot parameters to respond to Intel's comment below. BIRD59.1 is issued in response to comments at the August 6, 1999 IBIS Meetings where BIRD59 was introduced. Also some editorial corrections are made in the diagram for hysteresis thresholds. A clarification statement is made to also refer to the commonly used term in ASIC data books referring to Schmitt trigger input. The alternatives discussed included adding a table, doing another switching diagram, and provide a more comprehensive definition. We opted for a minimal amount of work to avoid getting bogged down in producing a larger statement (with possible errors). Also, as a result of this discussion and a reflector comment on BIRD59, the switching region is added to the hystersis diagram. Also, one paragraph is deleted in response to Intel letter ballot comment 6 for this keyword shown in the Any Other Background Information section below. BIRD59.2 shows the addition of "DC" made at the August 20, 1999 meeting to further clarify Intel Comment 7. Also a minor correction is made on one of the drawings for consistency. ****************************************************************************** ANY OTHER BACKGROUND INFORMATION: This is in response to two letter ballot comments submitted in June, 1999 on SP-4557 for EIA ratification of Version 3.2 from Cisco Systems and Intel. The comments are shown below: Cisco Systems Comment 1 was: Cisco Systems: 1 Editorial Reference: Page 24 Suggested Change: Add a hysteresis diagram showing all the sub-parameters. Rationale: Would clarifiy usage of Vinh+, Vinh-, Vinl+, Vinl-, S_overshoot_high, S_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_high, D_overshoot_low, D_overshoot_time, Pulse_high, Pulse_low, Pulse_time. Intel: 7 Editorial Reference: Page 24 Suggested Change: the whole discussion on dynamic and static overshoot is confusing. I can't figure out if static or dynamic overshoot implies an absolute maximum rating or device destruction or what. Not sure how to fix, but this does need to be clarified. Also, another remark was dealt with by deleting one paragraph: Intel: 6 Editorial Reference: Page 23 Suggested Change: Delete paragraph about reversing Vinh, Vinl to mimic hystersis. While this my be true, we have explicit parameters that describe this functionality and we should not document or encourage an alternate method. ****************************************************************************** From owner-ibis Mon Aug 23 13:59:39 1999 Received: from intermailhost.viewlogic.com (intermailhost.viewlogic.com [139.181.6.17]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id NAA26623 for ; Mon, 23 Aug 1999 13:59:38 -0700 (PDT) From: guy@camarillo.viewlogic.com Received: from mailhost.viewlogic.com (mailhost.viewlogic.com [139.181.3.35]) by intermailhost.viewlogic.com (8.8.8/8.8.7) with ESMTP id QAA01515 for ; Mon, 23 Aug 1999 16:52:41 -0400 (EDT) Received: from qdt.viewlogic.com (peterbilt [139.181.194.6]) by mailhost.viewlogic.com (8.8.6/8.8.7) with SMTP id QAA05318 for ; Mon, 23 Aug 1999 16:52:37 -0400 (EDT) Received: from camarillo.viewlogic.com (b1b) by qdt.viewlogic.com (4.1/SMI-4.1) id AA06540; Mon, 23 Aug 99 13:59:41 PDT Received: from f22.viewlogic.com by camarillo.viewlogic.com (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id NAA12683; Mon, 23 Aug 1999 13:59:39 -0700 Date: Mon, 23 Aug 1999 13:59:39 -0700 Message-Id: <199908232059.NAA12683@camarillo.viewlogic.com> To: ibis@eda.org Subject: IBIS Open Forum Meeting Minutes 8/20/99 DATE: 8/23/99 SUBJECT: 8/20/99 EIA IBIS Open Forum Meeting Minutes VOTING MEMBERS AND 1999 PARTICIPANTS LIST: Applied Simulation Technology Raj Raghuram*, Norio Matsui, Neven Orhanovic, Fred Ballesteri Avanti Nikolai Bannov Cadence Design Mike LaBonte Cisco Systems Syed Huq* Compaq Bob Haller, Steve Coe, Shafir Rahman, Maher Elasad Cypress (Rajesh Manapat) EMC Corporation Fabrizio Zanella Fairchild Semiconductor [Peter LaFlamme], Craig Klem H.A.S. Electronics (Haruny Said) Hewlett Packard (EEsof, etc.) Paul Gregory, Henry Wu HyperLynx (& Pads Software) Matthew Flora*, Kellee Crisafulli, Lynne Green, John Angulo* IBM Greg Edlund, Michael Cohen*, Praven Patel Incases Olaf Rethmeier, Werner Rissiek, David Eagles, Wilhelm Arnoldi, Ulrich Losch Intel Corporation Stephen Peters*, Arpad Muranyi*, Frank Kern, Martin Chang, Dave Moxley, Kerry Nelson, Jeff Day, Richard Mellitz, Peter Liou, Will Hobbs, Henri Maramis LSI Logic (Symbios Logic) Scott King Mentor Graphics Bob Ross*, Mohamed Mahmoud, Sherif Hammad, Jean Oudinot, Markku Kukkanen, Martin Groeber, Karine Loudet, Hisham Gamal, Evgeny Wasserman Mitsubishi (Tam Cao) Motorola (Ron Werner) National Semiconductor Milt Schwartz* North East Systems Associates Edward Sayre, Michael Baxter, Kathy Breda NEC (Hiroshi Matsumoto) Philips Semiconductor Todd Andersen, Peter Christiaans Quantic EMC (Mike Ventham) Siemens Bernhard Unger, Christian Mitschke, Manfred Maurer, Peter Kaiser, Wolfram Meyer, Gerald Bannert, Harmut Ibowski, Katja Zuleeg, Hans Pichlmaier, Eckhard Lenski, Kortheuer Udo, Christian Sporrer SiQual Scott McMorrow Texas Instruments Jean-Claude Perrin, Shankar Balasubramaniah, Ramzi Ammar, Thomas Fisher Time Domain Analysis Systems Dima Smolyansky Viewlogic Systems Chris Rokusek*, Guy de Burgh*, Cary Mandel, (Jon Powell) VeriBest Ian Dodd VLSI Technology D.C. Sessions OTHER PARTICIPANTS IN 1999: 3Dfx Interactive Ken Wu Actel Corporation Silvia Montoya Alcatel Steven Criel Analytical Edge Robert Easson Applied Microelectronics Brian Sanderson BMW Friedrich Haslinger Bogatin Enterprise Eric Bogatin Bosch Telecom Detlef Wolf Celestica Danny Da Silva ECI Telecom Daniel Adar EIA [Patti Rusher], Cecilia Fleming*, Dan Heinemeier Electronique Catherine Gross EFM Consulting Ekkehard Miersch FCI John Ellis High Design Technology Razvan Ene Hitachi ULSI Hideki Fukuda Infineon Thomas Latzel Intracon Design Mike Osmond Litton Systems Robert Bremer Matsushita Atsuji Itoh Molex Incorporated Gus Panella Nortel Networks Martin Hall (& at Viewlogic), Calvin Trowell Oce Printing Systems Ernst Deiringer Praegitzer Design Rick Newell Rockwell Collins Susan Tweeton, Ron Hau Samsung Jung-Gun Byun, Cheol-Seung Choi Shindengen Tsuyoshi Horigome Signals & Systems Engineering Tom Hawkins STMicroelectronics Fabrice Boissieres, Philippe LeFevre StorageTek Nick Krull Sun Microsystems Victor Chang, Kevin Ko Tektronix Tom Brinkoetter Teradyne Mikhail Khusid VDOL Robert Novosel Xilinx Susan Wu (Unaffiliated, Retired) Bruce Wenniger In the list above, attendees at the meeting are indicated by *. Principal members or other active members who have not attended are in parentheses. Participants who no longer are in the organization are in square brackets. Upcoming Meetings: The bridge numbers for future IBIS teleconferences are as follows: Date Bridge Number Reservation # Passcode September 10, 1999 (916) 356-9200 8-40170 4844642 October 1, 1999 (916) 356-9200 8-40171 4196281 October 14, 1999 IBIS Summit Meeting, No Teleconference All meetings are 8:00 AM to 9:55 AM Pacific Time. We try to have agendas out 7 days before each Open Forum and meeting minutes out within 7 days after. When you call into the meeting, ask for the IBIS Open Forum hosted by Will Hobbs and give the reservation number and passcode. NOTE: "AR" = Action Required. -------------------------------- MINUTES ------------------------------------- INTRODUCTIONS AND MEETING QUORUM No new participants. MEMBERSHIP UPDATE AND TREASURER'S REPORT Bob Ross announced that we are dropping the following companies from 1999 membership status because we have not received payment or responses on what their intentions are: AMP, High Design Technology, Thomson-CSF and Zuken-Redac. Thomson-CSF is no longer carried as a DAD member. Motorola will become a full member. So we now have 30 members for 1999. The dropped companies may rejoin when payment is received. Guy de Burgh is getting the names of the primary and secondary contact for each Member company, as required by EIA. REVIEW OF MINUTES AND AR'S The August 6, 1999 Minutes were approved without corrections. Bob Ross noted that work has been done on the following AR's, and they will be discussed at a later meeting: AR - Bob Ross and Cecilia Fleming research what is needed to align the IBIS bylaws with EP-20. AR - Bob Ross and Cecilia write position definitions for the new positions of Webmaster and Postmaster. Other AR's will be discussed during the meeting. MISCELLANY/ANNOUNCEMENTS None. PRESS AND WEB PAGE UPDATES Syed Huq reported that there will be some Web page updates. He also sent out a questionnaire regarding updating the Roster. Bob Ross asked that Guy de Burgh work with Syed to be sure the correct Member companies are noted. Bob reported that Olaf Rethmeier is authoring an article in the July 1999 issue of the German PLUS Magazine (Produktion von Leiterplatten Und Systemen) [Production of PCBs and Systems] that summarizes the new features of IBIS Version 3.2. The title is 'Der neue Horizont des IBIS Standards' (The New Horizon of the IBIS Standard) on pp. 928-932. NEW MODELS AVAILABLE, LIBRARY UPDATE Bob Ross reported that the Texas Instruments Logic and PC100 compliant ALVC links have changed: http://www.ti.com/sc/docs/tools/logic/models/ibis.htm http://www.ti.com/sc/docs/apps/logic/pc100.htm OPENS FOR NEW ISSUES None. INTERNATIONAL/EXTERNAL PROGRESS - IEC 62014-1 (IBIS Version 2.1) - Cecilia Fleming had no further report on the comments she forwarded to IEC in response to the letter ballot. Bob Ross noted that the TC93 meeting is being held in Arlington, Virginia on September 22-23 and that IEC 62014-1 is on the agenda. Cecilia noted that the US TAG (Technical Advisory Group) representative will be on sabbatical. - pr EIAJ ED-5302 Standard for I/O Interface Model for Integrated Circuits (IMIC) - Bob Ross had no further report. - IEC 93/67/NP IBIS and EMC Simulation - Bob Ross had no further report. - JC-16.2 Subcommittee: Modeling and Test - Bob Ross had no further report. IBIS (EAST) USERS GROUP MEETINGS Bob Ross noted that the IBIS Users Group is meeting on Wednesday, September 15, 1999 at North East Systems Associates from 3 PM to 5 PM. One major topic will be to prepare for the IBIS Summit Meeting in October 14, 1999. IBIS SUMMIT OCTOBER 14, 1999 Bob Ross noted that Kathy Breda sent out an early notice for planning purposes for the IBIS Summit Meeting scheduled on Thursday, October 14, 1999 at Marlborough, MA during the week of the PCB Conference East. Bob noted that last year a number of companies co-sponsored the event, and we need to get the sponsorship finalized for this year. One expected topic at the meeting should be the IBIS Accuracy Specification document. S2IBIS3 COMMITTEE REPORT Michael Cohen reported on the August 13, 1999 task group meeting that the group is working on generating a list of requirements. The next meeting is scheduled for Wednesday, August 25, 1999 from 11 AM to 1 PM Eastern Time. COOKBOOK STATUS Stephen Peters had no report. IBIS MODEL REVIEW COMMITTEE DISCUSSION Matthew Flora reported no activity. BIRD59.1 - MODEL SPEC DIAGRAMS Bob Ross introduced BIRD59.1 which was issued to capture the changes discussed at the August 6, 1999 Meeting. BIRD59.1 is generated to deal with some formal letter ballot comments on SP-4557. Bob indicated that he needed to do a minor change on one of the diagrams that he already changed in the ver3_2.ibs documents. Bob also had some comments to review. One private comment from Intel dealt with an ambiguity that the [Model Spec] keyword needs to be positioned as the first keyword after the subparameters and before any other keyword. Bob indicated that the ibischk3 parser checks for this and the document strongly implies this requirement: | Usage Rules: [Model Spec] must follow all other subparameters under the | [Model] keyword. While this location represents good formatting practice, Bob wondered whether we really wanted this to be a position dependent keyword or whether we wanted to revisit this. The text could be made stronger by using "immediately follow". "Follow" by itself can be interpreted as being positioned anywhere after. If we want to relax the positioning, we can issue an ibischk3 bug report to make the change. After some discussion, we agreed to leave the document unchanged. We can deal with this issue, if necessary, as an IBIS Version 4.0 issue. [After the meeting, Stephen Peters sent out his interpretation that the statement implies before all other keywords. Thus the document is consistent with the ibischk3 parser.] Bob also questioned Stephen Peters on whether the confusion regarding the the meaning of static overshoot is resolved. Stephen indicated that he now understands better after further review. He suggested changing "voltage" to "DC voltage" to distinguish the DC level from the time based dynamic overshoot levels. Bob agreed to adopt this change. Matthew Flora indicated that his company plans issue a BIRD to further clarify this section. His concerns at this time are not sufficient to hold up the approval of BIRD59.1 or the IBIS Version 3.2 document. So these proposals will be considered for IBIS Version 4.0. With no further comments, Bob called for a vote on BIRD59.1 with the changes discussed above (and issued as BIRD59.2). Amended BIRD59.1 was approved by unanimous vote. AR - Bob Ross issue approved BIRD59.2 with the changes discussed. [Done] AR - Bob Ross issue BIRD59.2 with the changes discussed. [Done]. BIRD60 - ELECTRICAL BOARD DESCRIPTION DIAGRAMS Bob Ross introduced BIRD60 to deal with a letter ballot comment on SP-4557. BIRD60 had been introduced and discussed at the August 6, 1999 meeting. Bob indicated that two people responded privately in support of BIRD60. After asking for any more comments, Bob called for a vote. BIRD60 was approved by unanimous vote. SP-4557 LETTER BALLOT COMMENTS FROM SIQUAL, INC. Bob Ross reported that he sent out the formal responses to letter ballot comments on SP-4557 to Intel Corporation and Cisco Systems, Inc. based on the discussion and vote on the responses at the August 6, 1999 meeting. The remaining item is to vote on our response to the SiQual, Inc. comments. These were introduced and discussed at the August 6, 1999 meeting. Since the comments were only issued shortly before that meeting we needed to provide adequate time for people to review the comments and responses. Bob indicated that he sent the draft responses to the comment providers and did not receive any feedback. Bob also noted that the uploaded UNOFFICIAL documents in the Work in Progress directory already included the Siqual, Inc. comments (per the ARs of last meeting): http://www.eda.org/pub/ibis/wip/ ver3_2g.ibs - UNOFFICIAL draft document of IBIS Version 3.2 showing the changes based on responses we have approved and also based on the SiQual responses we have discussed and other pending responses to be approved. ver3_2.ibs - UNOFFICIAL draft document of the release document that has the changes shown in the ver3_2g.ibs document implemented. ver3_2.pdf - UNOFFICIAL draft document of the release document that has the changes shown in the ver3_2g.ibs document implemented. ver3_2.doc - UNOFFICIAL draft document of the release document that has the changes shown in the ver3_2g.ibs document implemented. Bob then briefly reviewed the comments noting that Comments 2, 8, and 9 had be changed at the August 6, 1999 meeting. The proposed responses with the changes are shown below: ----- SiQual: 1 Editorial Reference: Section 3, "GENERAL SYNTAX RULES AND GUIDELINES", paragraph 1 Suggested Change: Change From: | 1) The content of the files is case sensitive, except for reserved | words and keywords. File names must be all lower case. To (delete last sentence): | 1) The content of the files is case sensitive, except for reserved | words and keywords. Rationale: The file name restriction is redundant, and should be covered only in paragraph 3, which pertains to file names. Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. SiQual: 2 Editorial Reference: Section 3, "GENERAL SYNTAX RULES AND GUIDELINES", paragraph 3 Suggested Change: Change From: | 3) File names used in the IBIS file must only have lower case characters to | enhance UNIX compatibility. File names should have a basename of no | more than twenty characters followed by a period, followed by a file | name extension of no more than three characters. File names must not | contain characters that are illegal in DOS. To: (shorten first sentence, replace third sentence) | 3) File names used in the IBIS file must only have lower case characters. | File names should have a basename of no more than twenty characters | followed by a period ('.') , followed by a file name extension of no | more than three characters. The file name and extension must use | characters from the set (space, ' ', 0x20 is not included): | | A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z | a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z | 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 _ ^ $ ~ ! # % & - { } ) ( @ ' ` | | The file name and extension are recommended to be lower case on | systems that support such names. Rationale: 1) References to specific software or products is not precise. 2) The phrase "to enhance UNIX compatibility" is wrong. 3) The phrase "illegal in DOS" is not defined. 4) The "golden parser" code allows the following characters in file names The allowed character set is currently defined by the "golden parser" as (the space character, ' ', 0x20 is not included): A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 _ ^ $ ~ ! # % & - { } ) ( @ ' ` . Note: the illegal characters are therefore: SP(0x20) " * + , / : ; < = > ? [ \ ] | DEL(0x7F) The period '.' should not be allowed, as it is specified as the file name/extension delimiter. 5) From "hdr.c" (part of the "golden parser", no version info in file) /* DOS restrictions */ if (!isalpha(*pc) && !isdigit(*pc) && (*pc != '_') && (*pc != '^') && (*pc != '$') && (*pc != '~') && (*pc != '!') && (*pc != '#') && (*pc != '%') && (*pc != '&') && (*pc != '-') && (*pc != '{') && (*pc != '}') && (*pc != ')') && (*pc != '(') && (*pc != '@') && (*pc != '\'') && (*pc != '`') && (*pc != '.')) { ERRLOG_LineError( "File_name '%s' contains a character '%c' that is illegal for DOS.", pHdr->sFile_name, *pc); } Response: We will make a similar Suggested Change, but with some changes. An introductory phrase is added to give in a more general sense the reason for the choice of characters. Also the uppercase set of characters are removed. | 3) To facilitate portability between operating systems, file names used in | the IBIS file must only have lower case characters. File names should | have a basename of no more than twenty characters followed by a period | ('.') , followed by a file name extension of no more than three | characters. The file name and extension must use characters from the | set (space, ' ', 0x20 is not included): | | a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z | 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 _ ^ $ ~ ! # % & - { } ) ( @ ' ` | | The file name and extension are recommended to be lower case on | systems that support such names. SiQual: 3 Editorial Reference: Section 3, Section 3, "GENERAL SYNTAX RULES AND GUIDELINES", paragraph 6 Suggested Change: Change From: | 6) Keywords must be enclosed in square brackets, [], and must start in | column 1 of the line. To: (add additional sentences) | 6) Keywords must be enclosed in square brackets, [], and must start in | column 1 of the line. No space or tab is allowed after the opening | bracket '[' or before the closing bracket ']'. If used, only one | space (' ') or underscore ('_') character separates the parts of a | multi-word keyword. Rationale: This is not specified by the standard, but is enforced by the "golden parser." If required, this behavior should be spelled out in the standard. Response: We agree with this Suggested Change, but with the following additional clarifications: Change "after" to "immediately after" and "before" to "immediately before". SiQual: 4 Editorial Reference: Section 3, "GENERAL SYNTAX RULES AND GUIDELINES", paragraph 14 Suggested Change: Change From: | 14) Only ASCII characters, as defined in ANSI Standard X3.4-1986, may be | used in an IBIS file. The use of characters with codes greater than | hexadecimal 07F is not allowed. Also, ASCII control characters | (those numerically less than hexadecimal 20) are not allowed, except | for tabs or in a line termination sequence. As mentioned in item 10 | above, the use of tab characters is discouraged. To: (change second sentence) | . . . The use of characters with codes greater than | hexadecimal 07E is not allowed. . . . Rationale: The ASCII character DEL (0x7F) is not consistently implemented across systems. It is often non-printable, and when printed, is not the same on different systems. Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. SiQual: 5 Editorial Reference: Section 4, "FILE HEADER INFORMATION", Keyword: [File Name] Suggested Change: Change From: | Usage Rules: The file name must not be longer than 24 characters (including | the extension). The file name must not use characters that | are illegal in DOS. In addition, the file name must be all | lower case, and use the extension ".ibs". The file name must | be the actual name of the file. To: (replace first two sentences, change third sentence) | Usage Rules: The file name must conform to the rules in paragraph 3 of | Section 3, "GENERAL SYNTAX RULES AND GUIDELINES." In | addition, the file name must use the extension ".ibs", | ".pkg", or ".ebd". The file name must be the actual | name of the file. Rationale: 1) File naming rules must be consistent and defined only in one place. Specifically, Section 3, "GENERAL SYNTAX RULES AND GUIDELINES" para 1: defines case of file names as all lower (this should move to para 3) para 3: defines filename length and format as twenty character name + period + three character extension 2) To be consistent with Section 7, "PACKAGE MODELING" and section 8, "ELECTRICAL BOARD DESCRIPTION", the ".pkg" and ".ebd" must be allowed. Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. SiQual: 6 Editorial Reference: Section 4, "FILE HEADER INFORMATION", Keyword: [Comment Char] Suggested Change: Change From: | Usage Rules: The new comment character to be defined must be followed by | the underscore character and the letters "char". For example: | "|_char" redundantly redefines the comment character to be | the pipe character. The new comment character is in effect | only following the [Comment Char] keyword. The following | characters MAY NOT be used: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P | Q R S T U V W X Y Z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u | v w x y z 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 [ ] . _ / = + - To: (change last sentence) | . . . The following | characters MAY be used: | | ! " # $ % & ' * , : ; < > ? @ ^ ` | ~ Rationale: 1) For clarity, definition of a limited set of characters should be terms of those allowed, not those disallowed. 2) Based on the current wording and paragraph 14 of section three, the allowed [Comment Char] list is (ASCII hex shown first): | 20 SP | 21 ! | 22 " | 23 # | 24 $ | 25 % | 26 & | 27 ' | | 28 ( | 29 ) | 2A * | | 2C , | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3A : | 3B ; | 3C < | | 3E > | 3F ? | | 40 @ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 5C \ | | 5E ^ | | | 60 ` | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 7B { | 7C | | 7D } | 7E ~ | 7F DEL| Of this list: 0x20 'SP' - is wrong 0x7F 'DEL' - is inconsistently implemented across systems 0x5C '\' - is commonly used as an escape meta-character 0x28 '(', 0x29 ')' - paired delimiters should be reserved for future 0x7B '(', 0x7D ')' use by the standard 3) The "golden parser" program 'ibischk3' implements per the standard: From "parse.c" (part of the "golden parser", no version info in file) /* list of chars that cannot be the comment char */ static char gpcBadCommChars[] = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[]._/=+-"; Response: We agree that the permitted comment characters should be listed as suggested. However, since the `\', `(', `)', `{', and `}' characters are already permitted by the standard and by the ibischk3 parser code, we are including them in the list. We may consider reducing the number of permitted comment characters in IBIS Version 4.0. The amended list is | ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * , : ; < > ? @ \ ^ ` { | } ~ SiQual: 7 Editorial Reference: Section 5, "COMPONENT DESCRIPTION"; [Component] keyword, Sub-Param Usage Rules, paragraph 3 Suggested Change: Change From: | . . . The default location is at the 'Pin'. | However, the 'Die' location is also available for either or | and both subparameters. To (shorten existing second sentence, then insert new second sentence): | . . . Allowed values for either sub-parameter | are 'Die' or 'Pin'. The default location is at the 'Pin'. Rationale: Clarification of wording. Response: We agree with this Suggested Change. SiQual: 8 Editorial Reference: Section 6a, "ADD SUBMODEL DESCRIPTION"; sub-section "SUBMODEL:", paragraph 4 Suggested Change: Change From: < Move paragraph 4 and list of keywords to the [Submodel] keyword description > | The following set of keywords that are defined under the [Model] keyword are | support by the [Submodel] keyword: | | [Pulldown] | [Pullup] | [GND Clamp] | [POWER Clamp] | [Ramp] | [Rising Waveform] | [Falling Waveform] To (correct spelling of "supported" in first sentence, add new paragraph): | The only required subparameter in [Submodel] is Submodel_type to define the | list of submodel types. The other subparameters under [Model] are not | permitted under the [Submodel] keyword. | | The following set of keywords that are defined under the [Model] keyword are | supported by the [Submodel] keyword: | | [Pulldown] | [Pullup] | [GND Clamp] | [POWER Clamp] | [Ramp] | [Rising Waveform] | [Falling Waveform] | At least one of the [Pulldown], [Pullup], [GND Clamp], [POWER Clamp] is < | required. If the [Submodel] describes a driver, the [Ramp] keyword is < | required. < Rationale: The initial text is redundant, since the proper location is in the [Submodel] keyword description. The additional paragraph stipulates that some reason must exist for a [Submodel] definition. Response: We agree with some of the Suggested Changes and will make a related editorial correction. We do not plan to move the set of keywords, as suggested since it would destroy the context of some other paragraphs. We did not add the last paragraph, as suggested. Instead we add a sentence in the last paragraph to refer to other sections for specific details on what is required. The proposed revision follows from the suggestions above until the end of the section are as follows (|* lines indicate changes or additions): | The only required subparameter in [Submodel] is Submodel_type to define the |*list of submodel types. No subparameters under [Model] are permitted under |*the [Submodel] keyword. | | The following set of keywords that are defined under the [Model] keyword are |*supported by the [Submodel] keyword: | | [Pulldown] | [Pullup] | [GND Clamp] | [POWER Clamp] | [Ramp] | [Rising Waveform] | [Falling Waveform] | | The [Voltage Range], [Pullup Reference], [Pulldown Reference], [GND Clamp | Reference], and [POWER Clamp Reference] keywords are not permitted. The | voltage settings are inherited from the top-level model. | | These additional keywords are used only for the [Submodel] are documented | in this section: | | [Submodel Spec] | [GND Pulse Table] | [POWER Pulse Table] | | The application of these keywords depends upon the Submodel_type entries | listed below: | | Dynamic_clamp | Bus_hold | | Permitted keywords that are not defined for any of these submodel types are |*ignored. The rules for what set of keywords are required are found under |*the Dynamic Clamp and Bus Hold headings of this section. Reason: The second sentence in the first paragraph made a reference to common subparameters. This no longer exists and the wording is corrected. The top-level description in the SUBMODEL: section gives details of other keywords as well, and removing this "redundant" section would destroy to context of the descriptions. In the [Submodel] keyword description, the list of permitted keyword are given in the "Other Notes:" section. However the rules for what is required depend on the Submodel_type selection and are discussed later. SiQual: 9 Editorial Reference: Section 6a, "ADD SUBMODEL DESCRIPTION"; keyword [Submodel]; Sub-Param Usage Rules, paragraph _ Suggested Change: Change From: | . . . The | submodel name must match the one that is listed under the | [Add Submodel] To (in second sentence, change "under the" to "under a"): | . . . The | submodel name must match the one that is listed under a | [Add Submodel] keyword . . . Rationale: The wording is not correct. Response: We agree with this Suggested Change with the following modifications or additions: Change "a" to "an" and also add "a" to similar text for the [Model] keyword on page 20. ----- After asking for any further discussion, Bob called for a vote. The above responses to SiQual, Inc. letter ballot comments were approved by a unanimous vote. AR - Bob Ross send out the formal responses to SiQual, Inc. [Done] RELEASE OF VERSION 3.2 TO EIA FOR EIA-656-A Bob Ross noted that several other items were raised briefly raised at the August 6, 1999 meeting. However, at that time the people indicated that they were not serious enough to hold up the ratification of Verison 3.2. Bob noted that his comment regarding "BIRD" being undefined was not correct. However he did update "10" BIRDs to "12" BIRDs to reflect inclusion of BIRD59.2 and BIRD60 and also revised the wording slightly. Ian Dodd had comments concerning EBD technical details: (1) the eight character limit on pins, (2) How EBD files plug into ground planes, and (3) whether loops are supported. While these are all good questions, Bob felt that some of these concerns were either technical issues or else might be resolved based on further understanding of the exact question. For example, while loops were not intended to be supported, the syntax may already allow doing loops (using a zero Ohm series resistor) IF the EDA tool needed to provide such support. The other concerns may also be resolved after further investigation of the exact concern. Otherwise they could be considered as added functionality for IBIS Version 4.0. The issue raised by Matthew Flora on whether [Driver Schedule] could reference a [Model Selector] name could be considered an extension, if needed. Bob felt that the authors did not intent that this be allowed. Bob noted that in the process of generating ver3_2.pdf, Arpad Muranyi made a few minor mistakes. Bob corrected them. Bob also reported that he did another quick editorial pass and corrected a few more minor mistakes. Bob reported on a few of them. After asking for any further comments, Bob called for a vote on releasing the corrected document to EIA for EIA-656-A adoption. Release of the corrected ver3_2.ibs document was approved by unanimous vote. Bob commented that based on discussions with Cecilia Fleming, that this approved document (date August 20, 1999) could be considered EIA-656-A. The letter ballot results of 18 Yes and 0 No indicated overwhelming approval, and we had completed our obligation to provide responses to the comments. Cecilia needs to receive the official document. She may need to provide some official EIA cover pages to the document to create the official document that would be distributed by Globe Engineering and would be forwarded to ANSI. Bob outlined the remaining steps: Send to EIA the updated ver3_2.txt document on August 20, 1999 [Done] Send to Arpad Muranyi the same document so that he can generate the Adobe Acrobat and Word versions. [Done] Bob and Arpad work with Cecilia on document preparation, if necessary including using any of the above versions for the official EIA-656-A document. Arpad suggested that the Table of Contents could also list the subparameters. Bob stated that while this would be useful, he did not want to add this level of detail at this time because of the risk of introducing some errors. For example, some subparameters might be unintentionally omitted because they appear on the next line. Bob then speculated that the release of EIA-656-A might occur in about a month. The ANSI ballot on Version 3.2 has already occurred and no comments were received (indicating approval). So all that is needed is that ANSI receives the official document and it is released by the ANSI processes. Bob then concluded that we will plan to forward the ratified ANSI/EIA-656-A document to IEC to trail along the pending IEC 62014-1 document. BUG34 - NO ERROR REPORTED FOR MISSING V/I TABLE IN OUTPUT BUFFERS Bob Ross indicated that we need to consider resources to handle this and future bugs. Minor ones might be handled by Matthew Flora and Chris Rokusek. BUG34 still needs further work per Matthew Flora's open AR: AR - Matthew Flora issue a revised BUG34 to document the conditions where Warning messages are issued. BUG36 - RESERVE WORDS ERROR FOR PIN MAPPING AND SERIES PIN MAPPING Bob Ross introduced BUG36 submitted June 1999 by Atul Agarwal. It concerned the fact the fix associated with BUG8 for using reserved words for [Pin] did not fix the problem when the same reserved words were used with [Diff Pin Mapping], [Pin Mapping] and [Series Pin Mapping]. Atul had noted that the fix was simple. Bob classified BUG36 as ANNOYING, LOW, and OPEN. BUG37 - PIN MAPPING FOR UNIQUE GND AND POWER PIN GENERATES ERROR Bob Ross introduced BUG37, also submitted by Atul Agarwal in June 1999. It deal with a technical detail that any unique entry must be specified with at least one pin whose model type is POWER or GND. Atul also supplied the suggested simple changes to several lines of code which will fix this problem. Bob classified BUG37 as ANNOYING, LOW, and OPEN. ACCURACY SPECIFICATION DISCUSSION Bob Ross introduced the Accuracy Specification discussion by noting that this discussion had been deferred several times because of the IBIS Version 3.2 comment resolution processes that we have just completed. This along with several other activities (such as the connector specification) are currently stalled. Either the IBIS Open Forum or the task group needs to actively carry get involved in these activities. Because the Accuracy Specification discussion had been deferred, he only expected some introductory comments to be made. Bob noted that Waveform comparison metrics were discussed on the Signal Integrity reflector in July 1999 in response to a question raised by Alex Levin of Intel. This is related to one of the aspects of the Accuracy Specification document. Bob then gave BRIEF overview of Version 1.2 Accuracy Specification document that is uploaded in the following directory: http://www.eda.org/pub/ibis/accuracy/ Bob stated that it focused on comparing IBIS models to physical device measurements though a two step process to eliminate possible EDA tool accuracy or algorithm issues. The physical device measurements are correlated with an internal reference against which the simulation tool can also be correlated. A large portion of the document deals with measurement set up details and measurement equipment requirements. Three levels of correlation are tabulated based on the reference component sample. The comparisons can be based on Envelope metrics (the device measurements must fit inside the min and max condition data or simulations), or overlay metrics (direct overlaying comparisons). The devices can be random, known typical or known typical, slow, and fast. Correlation details were discussed including the notion that some metrics and related figure of merit calculations can be based on voltage comparison (vertical axis) or on time comparisons (horizontal axis) time domain data and simulations. The document provides methods of measuring and correlating the C_comp die capacitance. Finally, an Accuracy trailer document that needs some further refinement is associated with the Accuracy Specification to capture the correlation results. Bob then opened the meeting for a short discussion on this topic. Arpad Muranyi noted that he felt the Signal Integrity reflector discussion brought up many issues that pointed to the difficulty in doing meaningful correlation. It is a difficult problem. Bob provided just a few of his thoughts. He would like to see the methodology generalized to apply to comparison and correlation against any reference such as Spice simulations. He also noted that some of the exact correlation was diluted by test board set of equipment tolerances. However, the process did provide equipment requirements and allowed documenting the equipment. Finally he noted that there is a difference between doing correlation between simulation or measurement time domain results and also doing a correlation between measurements and internal model tables or parameters. Milt Schwartz noted that he was dealing with internal problems associated with factoring in measurement equipment accuracy and scope measurements. Further, he had some concerns on some additional parameters such as ring back. Stephen Peters indicated that some of his concerns might be related to the BIRD61 issue discussed next. Bob indicated that this preliminary discussion would be continued. BIRD61 - ENHANCED CHARACTERIZATION OF RECEIVERS Stephen Peters introduced BIRD61 by stating that he along with D.C. Sessions, Richard Mellitz, and Arpad Muranyi met for a day to discuss behavioral models for receivers. They determined that internal delays that now need to be considered are a function of both overdrive and slew rate. BIRD61 is a draft proposal for IBIS Version 4.0 that attempts to capture the relationships with [Receiver Delay] tables. Furthermore a subsequent "golden input waveform" proposal may follow that assists in testing and calibrating the processing algorithms to the information supplied. Stephen covered some details and noted that EDA vendors need to comment on whether the data is useful. Bob Ross noted that there have been about 16 e-mail comments and responses so far including valuable comments and concerns from EDA vendors. Bob questioned whether the intention was to capture delays as a function of all three parameters - start, end, and slope, and Stephen responded yes. Bob also wondered if at least two [Receiver Delay] tables should be required for the rising edge and two for the falling edge. He felt that we needed to actually come up with more precise data that can be used in a consistent manner. This could be based on really requiring a full 3-dimensional characterization of all of the parameters (start time, end time, slope) or perhaps do a real equation fit which the model provider could validate through Monte Carlo methods on their proprietary sources. Furthermore, the data that the receiver will use at the Input might need to be classified or constrained in some manner associated with the relevance of the problem. The problem is two-fold. We need to be able to extract the parameters from the input waveform in a meaningful manner. For example, is this model expected to apply to any waveform or does it require a monotonic transition where data can be captured? Are there realistic Input waveform constraints that need to be specified for table to be applicable? Secondly, we need as much information as necessary so that we can make accurate predictions in a known or consistent manner. That may involve requiring a lot of data so that 3-dimensional interpolation can be used or perhaps specifying the derived and validated (best fit) transfer equation. Stephen noted that there are cases in the table where no transition occurred. This indicates a need for infinity in the table. Matthew Flora commented on the problems of using the new reserved word INF for infinity. Bob also was concerned about INF. A few other points were raised in this introductory discussion, such as providing a reference/validation waveform where the user can provide a V-T table and indicate where the output switches. Bob expressed optimism as the meeting concluded that we could all work together in refining the proposal to a satisfactory level. CONNECTOR PROPOSAL STATUS Not discussed. NUMBER OF POINTS IN VT TABLE Not discussed. NEXT MEETING: The next teleconference meeting will be on Friday, September 10, 1999 from 8:00 AM to 10:00 AM. ============================================================================== NOTES IBIS CHAIR: Bob Ross (503) 685-0732, Fax (503) 685-4897 bob_ross@mentorg.com Modeling Engineer, Mentor Graphics 8005 S.W. Boeckman Road, Wilsonville, OR 97070 VICE CHAIR: Stephen Peters (503) 264-4108, Fax: (503) 264-4515 sjpeters@ichips.intel.com Senior Hardware Engineer, Intel Corporation M/S JF1-209 2111 NE 25th Ave. Hillsboro, OR 97124-5961 SECRETARY: Guy de Burgh (805) 988-8250, Fax: (805) 988-8259 gdeburgh@viewlogic.com Senior Manager, Viewlogic Systems 1369 Del Norte Rd. Camarillo, CA 93010-8437 LIBRARIAN: Jon Powell (805) 988-8250, Fax: (805) 988-8259 jonp@qdt.com Senior Scientist, Viewlogic Systems 1369 Del Norte Rd. Camarillo, CA 93010 WEBMASTER: Syed Huq (408) 525-3399, Fax: (408) 526-5504 shuq@cisco.com Signal Integrity Engineer, Cisco Systems 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA 95134-1706 POSTMASTER: Matthew Flora (425) 869-2320, Fax: (425) 881-1008 mbflora@hyperlynx.com Senior Engineer, HyperLynx, Inc. 114715 N.E. 95th Street Redmond, WA 98052 This meeting was conducted in accordance with the EIA Legal Guides and EIA Manual of Organization and Procedure. The following e-mail addresses are used: ibis-request@eda.org To join, change, or drop from either the IBIS Open Forum Reflector (ibis@eda.org), the IBIS Users' Group Reflector (ibis-users@eda.org) or both. State your request. ibis-info@eda.org To obtain general information about IBIS, to ask specific questions for individual response, and to inquire about joining the EIA-IBIS Open Forum as a full Member. ibis@eda.org To send a message to the general IBIS Open Forum Reflector. This is used mostly for IBIS Standardization business and future IBIS technical enhancements. Job posting information is not permitted. ibis-users@eda.org To send a message to the IBIS Users' Group Reflector. This is used mostly for IBIS clarification, current modeling issues, and general user concerns. Job posting information is not permitted. ibischk-bug@eda.org To report ibischk2/3 parser bugs. The Bug Report Form Resides on eda.org in /pub/ibis/bugs/ibischk/bugform.txt along with reported bugs. To report s2ibis, s2ibis2 and s2iplt bugs, use the Bug Report Forms which reside under eda.org in /pub/ibis/bugs/s2ibis/bugs2i.txt, /pub/ibis/bugs/s2ibis2/bugs2i2.txt, & /pub/ibis/bugs/s2iplt/bugsplt.txt respectively. Information on IBIS technical contents, IBIS participants, and actual IBIS models are available on the IBIS Home page found by selecting the Electronic Information Group under: http://www.eia.org Check the pub/ibis directory on eda.org for more information on previous discussions and results. You can get on via FTP anonymous. ============================================================================== From owner-ibis Mon Aug 23 17:15:53 1999 Received: from thalia.fm.intel.com (thalia.fm.intel.com [132.233.247.11]) by server.eda.org (8.8.5/8.8.3) with ESMTP id RAA29694 for ; Mon, 23 Aug 1999 17:15:51 -0700 (PDT) Received: from fmsmsx18.intel.com (fmsmsx18.fm.intel.com [132.233.233.232]) by thalia.fm.intel.com (8.9.1a+p1/8.9.1/d: relay.m4,v 1.6 1998/11/24 22:10:56 iwep Exp iwep $) with ESMTP id UAA17653 for ; Mon, 23 Aug 1999 20:10:26 GMT Received: by fmsmsx18.fm.intel.com with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0) id ; Mon, 23 Aug 1999 17:09:25 -0700 Message-ID: <4575832C8E71D111AC4100A0C96B512702AC0E3B@fmsmsx36.fm.intel.com> From: "Mellitz, Richard" To: "'ibis@eda.org'" Subject: RE: BIRD #61 -- Characterization of Receivers Date: Mon, 23 Aug 1999 17:09:15 -0700 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0) Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="----_=_NextPart_000_01BEEDC4.EC5B267E" This message is in MIME format. Since your mail reader does not understand this format, some or all of this message may not be legible. ------_=_NextPart_000_01BEEDC4.EC5B267E Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" I should have posted this earlier. It was the basis for the conclusion that we could improve the "time at threshold" receiver model that has been used for over 30 years. I used HSPICE and a generic CMOS receiver model as a test case. Then I ported the results into MathCad to view in 3D. I could post the HSPICE file if you like, but its pretty simple. I wonder how many buffers out there are this predictable. If many are, I think BIRD #61 is a substantial improvement for what exists over "time to threshold" timing.. Richard Mellitz, Intel <> ------_=_NextPart_000_01BEEDC4.EC5B267E Content-Type: application/octet-stream; name="input_model_Char1.pdf" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="input_model_Char1.pdf" JVBERi0xLjIgDSXi48/TDQogDTkgMCBvYmoNPDwNL0xlbmd0aCAxMCAwIFINL0ZpbHRlciAvTFpX RGVjb2RlIA0+Pg1zdHJlYW0NCoAMRBAoEcjOIAaMxsIIUIBuMhgIBqNIicjKIDMDTjCBiMxiLhkO BBEYiLRmNBcNYWNhkMhcMxlEhuMJANBAYzbCBeaTbAiIbwbAQA1lbmRzdHJlYW0NZW5kb2JqDTEw IDAgb2JqDTc1DWVuZG9iag03IDAgb2JqDTw8DS9UeXBlIC9YT2JqZWN0DS9TdWJ0eXBlIC9JbWFn ZQ0vTmFtZSAvaW0xDS9GaWx0ZXIgL0xaV0RlY29kZSANL1dpZHRoIDE3NQ0vSGVpZ2h0IDQ2DS9C aXRzUGVyQ29tcG9uZW50IDgNL0NvbG9yU3BhY2UgWyAvSW5kZXhlZCAvRGV2aWNlUkdCIDI1NSA2 IDAgUiBdDS9MZW5ndGggOCAwIFINPj4Nc3RyZWFtDQqAPOBQOCQWDQeEQmFQuGQ2HQ+IRGJROKRW LReMRmNRuOR2PR+QSGRSOSSWTSeUSmQM9nyqXS+VSyZTCaRyWzV5zKZzieRRnmdFRdfqCLTqdz2k Q8AGEbABfxUAACK0aj0mK02pQOo1l5gAbQWowSt1quQVn0EAIqW16xWyBJCvHqs1GmpCJVSWVaLL 89POmwKwjan12vwO4Vy2GEw4Cy2KmAAz4DC12pWHKL/LWHLQ+8Xm9VCx5TQ27AGGnYzR42BZjAX3 CTKl5TGX651K/xDOzec5+yACiQjA4vKYfGYW5PPTYzMbUbZOtJCm666Syo8vZ7eo3LVQhnsB5UPw KDxL/yTmb7qqy+t4PgdXe1rk7LMXZn+vUaqtgDpfH6+7ZOw/KGvIPTFC2HgthsxUFDCMRIEg8hgK ojrdKU/zeJIZ5fjDBAagKGobkKWZDEIQpFkLBDmhuxRImQ80KQEPTXIKX5HjE9iHPsvkboqvg9R2 gpIRjH6UmAX4eKwQpaSSRZXFoRZWkZERZkYVpCDCG4zwe6jQtExr8y9L7nO07atsPLjUOceZHzPM 0ArBL79JgdjoABEslScV0nkYV0pSpKJDFnPJIFA/rNzct8voGrE4K5MaD0Y+00IKMUuS/May0gzc iOgG0kyTO5RGAdpflEXURTvQFATzLrerLRZ5vZNzDsEgVHINL7TUOrc0zWzdXtQwytrypoYTSlBf uhO5CqfF8XGfUZREXZVdTPX7ex88byN/W03ti+7ezTSlNIHXNKrpbTwPKlxnlASBCSiRkHx2vB2m AXM/ELc1NWs+9GVrM7e1jfTG3FME4VbRjhXWoc9FaQowx88iWtymUS0NauAK3iEY13f7s1vj9v5E 81eq45cvxvXeNzHIaTwyX8mWkWgxESMN5F/COJp0+7Fzagl+NEycy49cdWZG/LFplgtFUig1rZOn iWF+XJDWlJJFDDGsHa2obxy7f1+19pFD0uumES+z1/Gfktgurn1WsfgCapZUdlScQpFRQ5owYhNs 20xg62vy51y3K99E8E0SWW5WGwcE/MZKS8jyEgWck3hJRCC4Lgti3m2uoEpi7IIUFFqGg1Oci1fQ F+G3R1g8S3ht1VYdOvzF8pByDEe5ubIRDTm9fyVkQKHobB6LQbBv5IbC3P8plaRaG6AmFkDER95P TC8BEh43ji1DYxEIRcTctO8pFoXSGUKnDukgMItB6xVmM97f1+AF4bYbPGYzzKD/RFvqRw+1DQYl lCLZys1+xBx2igB6DABb41UCzfSLlUSoh2r1gWdwUAYXLpQFmL97UGyzC/C2AsLieRXC/GKQdCg8 oSIzQ0LQWapkqQjhiQNDLvE7IlESvIdp6BnwwVG5OBMCikIZEgLQUQ7RaC0EZCKHJCxnvvXfCAQx ilBoQN2eYUAuUHCgPIO1+x3Rfi0Fy+kVotIkRTIIeSDz/E8iFB4gpBzk3JiQEW1hBi8ntoZiglCN sbo3iQEVABZTnY6tZDEg0R5ikSiEc89hlrUVYP1kIQxIoik/JQjWksVwjJJPKOaAAGpUQuJKjnFK TMrSCNSiWn5KUKkmJSRKIWXDMX+RMkHK6HKGRcvQeendqwtJPSdSongWcQZfTNIFGZKaeW7KeSdM aWSqURCikxM6V0wIAShSkIaLCfVTzLm5OeHS9knRrWlO1Pie0mKASgLqXs6JMndFFDRaSU0lQUEX PwXUZJ7UDoJQWg1B6EUJoVQshBAQDWVuZHN0cmVhbQ1lbmRvYmoNOCAwIG9iag0xMzAwDWVuZG9i ag02IDAgb2JqDTw8DS9MZW5ndGggMTEgMCBSDS9GaWx0ZXIgL0FTQ0lJODVEZWNvZGUgDT4+DXN0 cmVhbQ0KeiEhKiciIlRTTjQhISFOMCEmRlRUQWNNZ10hISZEZSE2YkVDcyJhV1QxQjkzZSErbiJl UjU0aWUxQkBHZSEhJFUyDQoxTS1XIUFjUzYyITZmJFRzKnQoTEosaytmISEmRGUxUlM1VFIvaVlD ITZnaTJzMyhIQ2JRJ0hDIStzRlRSRVBaVA0KYlEuXEMhISokITFdSUdlcnJBSmUhNmtIQ3MlRiYp OUcyLDcnXkFASDFCOTMyISZIRDIxTS1WQ1IvZiVlISZPWDINCjFCOTNlMUdeaCExR2JGVDFYJVgy cyg0JWVBaHU1VDFNMTVUUjpcOCFBaSdJVDFCPGghMVJVJTJSNTo4ITFYKTdDDQpzMyo4IWJWTSch MU00aWVSRVJKMmJWVDshMUJARzIxXUs3Q3MiZylDMVgsa1Rycj9YMiErbiJlQW5EJFRSL2dqQw0K ISt1NmVBY09XITFHYFdUMU0zJTJCJDwmQ3MoNWpDQW5FaTJBbkdYZVI6XidUQW5NKDJBY1M2MjFS VmllUjpfa1QNCkIkP1pUczMsJ1RiW3JaVEFuSzghUkVUOWViXCRuVEFjVmpDMV1NJyFzKDddIUIk QzllcnJAUUwhLl1UTUosaytNDQpKLGt1OyExPlZDUjpaR2VSL2laISExRWpDUi9mJTIxR2JHMjFS WFhlUkVSSVRzKDdaIUFza0dlUjpeJyFSOl9sMg0KQXNyW2VSL2lZQzFSWFlDUkAwSjJSRVYoZXMz LWwyYmFDOTJSOmFbMlJFVilDYmFKTTJSL204VDFdTmtUcy1dO1QNClJFWV0hcy5IJFxecWRfZmA3 VXMwbixVWjQhNmQ1IWJbcGshUi9rSVQhNmtJIWJRJ0hDMUdkNmUxWCk3Q2JmaGxlDQpzKDlJVEIk PCZDYlt0SjJSOmFbZUIkQzpDYlErJ1QxUlpJIVJFVihlYmZsTCFzMy9bZWJmaGxlYlwjKUNSRVdu IQ0KYmZwK2ViUS5bZTFdUFsyczMtbzJiZnArMnMmbitXXnRjXi1qNT0sMSEqXSFAPjUsQjpxL2Q4 Rk9UNTRJITwzJCENCnMiYVpUQWNWayEhPDo3Q3M4T25UISZPWDIxXU0mQ3MtWVxDYlZUOyFCKV9q Q3MiZTllQW5NKDJCKWcoZXM4U01lDQohMUVqQ1JLJGxlcy1dO1RiYUpNMmJsN1tlcyJobiFCJEM6 Q2JsPm8yczhXLSEhPDwnVHM4UV4ycy1gb2VibEBfQw0Kenp6enp6enp6fj4NZW5kc3RyZWFtDWVu ZG9iag0xMSAwIG9iag05NTANZW5kb2JqDTE0IDAgb2JqDTw8DS9MZW5ndGggMTUgMCBSDS9GaWx0 ZXIgL0xaV0RlY29kZSANPj4Nc3RyZWFtDQqAFEQA0hFQGjEYDkXDIQDQbC4ajYQCAqEQGjAQRiMH IzwMXkaMDGGRQzA0WjAXDAajMZxMqGOMy47iAUDIZi0gnUzi0cjkUxQ1A0ajcawscTGKESkS+aFM 2GkyGWJiMQT8qUEaUWJRikzQY1agkWDHGBjEXDmGTODiAlQONRAYQyUDW4iApEeyjAZ2eGDYaC4Z ww2wMbjS9jW+3/AiA2QMpwOBReM4AcjYYzGOQMZxIajWFQzPC4bxIYw+jnKpSXNiAajQZC7S6yFa MQDEbykaCDUCDVZwZUXV6HaaUXafU5KUDO0XLdR0G8EYDiIZzZ6TTbrj28ZjgcczM8+JDQc2bEbL RaTbjDc7uS9ocYbMc7VjTC6LQdXa9f2eCG0O+PM4b9OyyYZtGGr4s08IaLMkUAOs4rsN45DABu38 EP41y/ujBzavS9cBuSvwbwu+YYNuGSjuFB7jQk7QbQ2jb5Ik5SUBpFL8OJFj2wIxAcxJGYbr2Gjc xVDrcQjHbkwW70ZBAGaIhcv0ORzJEJpYlkfyc5TiyJHEBRbAjfwPGMEycGTXxu88jPVKrtBjAssh mGDqTVKj9u0lUfTI/kUM/KcvyShYcwXLIZQq2E6OHD02snFAZNzPbVzEwFExXRiUUNOdCu26c/wh O9Ghq7lChk8j7zrRdQUwGrL0iiQZPU+1PR1CabLRLIYhw29byLO0QIWGYY0g5syttBlTwDT9fzPJ 9cNalM00VI9VIWGNc1xAqjVnS6FxMo9XNrWAXRtbdqSZYq9XHLtUWnX4YsrVtiP4HCHylXtAQnd8 zyyGyFPfct3O5c7+MRCFe1TgL4XA4MvWVMCUBs7tIL4zt5PpNUgyio7Bgbi7aNHaDGIGrNKBBkEN sbjrgIljOI5Fjrb4+veXZSNCBjMFWYTU0Ly45j2WVNl+SNWG+g5Toc6PLo+Y6Shma5vnOizUyz/4 4G9F6pW+U6vI4bL3ButoexevS5l6iSiEC/MBpzCL/KW1Ijs0hNztTF6218K7Svd/7vvTYbYBupNp rPAcFpuzNA6W47vccUtuiWt7m1jTKPyL/yhKWt5XycotzsOQv9sDCUXUWQ62hVeOllDCIVlz/NX0 91c5zzCOlR7WKLwsTxSv9yc/uNn98witNYv/b63t0idpwPJWf47Cbw0He8qwmg2eyuzJRFKiyH7P QIe2OU37kvQ8BiLixS6W7IH897M/6gGhsh/sNDFGXhsoraZ58yizZ/b9y/lHRfABtbaUavwbUhtF 5Z3IPsQ1AIszNH2N7boa95bZF/vjdg+w15sYNQNfjB1oCanxQPZMWY2kJWQsngQ/NlhD3VvxhdCe Ej7CFINcM/eG5fSFQbhlAxtMPYQPyiA2SIaJ20mvcy+w273QbQifursvpZmtPsOk2+Kj5jpKjbI6 J+MQm/N8hs2VtT8AblzIk/giDhSzP2fk4hxraSHvCeY7KIj2HNRkhm5+AUc4zG3PLG9rZ0lyRqaU 6whbaS/uLkQy6IzLwcEog9G2SCNW0yUZTJFcbJoYPwBwYchkLJISgPNIdwMKHDtblRJc/7TwGs4K EXtwbj2NkDWe3l9ryzOyJfOqNlMu1bvji86+NJ0nwy2NvBmJsupkrrlNAt+hCpnkoew+eY78YDxB b+/dTBuYzumls++GibJfvqlC0aWzlIaQplsVoo7UpTS3nOkeX7xpvRoZeStqa/pdSkfHGKWLGJ0F CYhN6gZdHOylcBPo8r/5fz+hBPpwce5bSyjTLRl7NpXs5IKA0HDuTWOKIkUkBpHzL0jCoSUFAXDf g2LAA0sQDSyEHRNGs1ipWuo2jjBFFjNgrggDcW6IBajLltQmXQuRcCGF3Ly7ZIi+2rPAX2ykx4DT I0zhNUQthbjJ1Iq6XWplNDXu3VYRKqJGKysvqqZGjpIQQAtXiod7C1i9v2IoG0i5okemTKIDJPVe q/LyI+QxFDISSANBQEUKYR6X0xrabWt9cSGLWnsS6vBb2Iu3momJeVibF2NINY8y9cCY1yOs72y1 ea+1/tXXyvZ36TAgsKhuw4KK3ggCGG8NgdaXgoDaGINIYQQBEDKHMNIZ6ghDDKG4OgZQ5WgIIQat 1pCMN5NK5uu6E7MsTLQxU79tgW24t1bwoFiLf3BuHcW49ybl3NufeWxxBjNw7IbaikhGkLkfJaQi w1Ka8gwPUZcihMCUYAWCTImgUg0hjDQGEOQZAQBNDKGwp4dA9XQpmcEGk3bZF7TYTZNRu6fVAq4x BiRk7uoHO/hyrVRjLhqxKTGsJmyFpEl2g1n0+DOvwMM7Izpr48Mjqc7gotAGkOTe1jx1qKWyTxnM 8WME9Xix+nzJbH+NWhPENblFkafjWszaE8l4s1IQUaDEzmq+JWNWaYpio52LCy1bLXjA5GMi8TYy wRGdwIGrF7V5Gp7rls/lmoBGp+xETXwxjU/40OgTCV1dwn5xj9Jd6Ff7jaTr99Lu4ei3Jy7BY6Mt d5FeXR+MtzbldmeqxA6Z2YxPZu72b8sYtzjnS/BGKwyfZ3E9CDHAc1odLHQ8ePj/G0LQoh3B19jq jM7pkEBMAGg5L2cHG5DNpNoM6X82O11/md0hs8ge3MbVjNztczirFtbX2ockke0NroN1OavY69qd bliy8WZZE93ZkymCDX7xdNg4IU/5IcBdwUeyfl9squnyY9NWvSTfCkG8Ho/j7HqDT3xx4kQzXT+u HUj2gd1TvCl/g4gi8WE0mtmcFKPwc+u9ItyeKKrxKEtaPZJyhqggfIkNmt1JJBNG+D/66oaxdl23 ejct5C9PoT3eKvSoxxV1zF1b8UfAZzeoIOIcrvpwzc+7N9c7pE7iVfAkj5Xewdxg0+mXcUi27jMX auey74fOrZthtoZmzQQOjpvyzJsJZDOklsbZ8tv9JJOdKCYEnUQj4ihMwUBJDcHAOodAQBCDqGYM 1zsIhvKiU8NwZ6Xgtg/W8ljaCu+MBgvol2BMEAoCHg0OQYQx3uDSHoMIdA0hvDdS+SR4yW4Drecl IKI/Hk0B0RQNBqQ0hyDn5b54ZQ4Bzpf2Y8oLfT0oKV4xWC5PhFcCp5AKAcg3+jwKa4kZTMCk98N5 AOwafQggCMGUMNxrgYVDzS9rhtPsZg9S8Q+M/U9eBwBeJsBeJ6ugICANZW5kc3RyZWFtDWVuZG9i ag0xNSAwIG9iag0yMzUyDWVuZG9iag00IDAgb2JqDTw8DS9UeXBlIC9QYWdlDS9QYXJlbnQgNSAw IFINL1Jlc291cmNlcyA8PA0vRm9udCA8PA0vRjAgMTIgMCBSIA0vRjEgMTYgMCBSIA0vRjIgMTgg MCBSIA0vRjMgMjAgMCBSIA0+Pg0vWE9iamVjdCA8PA0vaW0xIDcgMCBSIA0+Pg0vUHJvY1NldCAy IDAgUg0+Pg0vQ29udGVudHMgWyA5IDAgUiAxNCAwIFIgIF0NPj4NZW5kb2JqDTI2IDAgb2JqDTw8 DS9MZW5ndGggMjcgMCBSDS9GaWx0ZXIgL0xaV0RlY29kZSANPj4Nc3RyZWFtDQqADEQQKBHIziAG jMbCCFCAbjIYCAajSInIyiAzA04wgYjMYi4ZDgQRGIi0ZjQXDWFjYZDIXDMZRIbjCQDQQGM2wgXm k2zEiG8GwEANZW5kc3RyZWFtDWVuZG9iag0yNyAwIG9iag03NQ1lbmRvYmoNMjQgMCBvYmoNPDwN L1R5cGUgL1hPYmplY3QNL1N1YnR5cGUgL0ltYWdlDS9OYW1lIC9pbTINL0ZpbHRlciAvTFpXRGVj b2RlIA0vV2lkdGggMTc1DS9IZWlnaHQgNDYNL0JpdHNQZXJDb21wb25lbnQgOA0vQ29sb3JTcGFj ZSBbIC9JbmRleGVkIC9EZXZpY2VSR0IgMjU1IDIzIDAgUiBdDS9MZW5ndGggMjUgMCBSDT4+DXN0 cmVhbQ0KgDzgUDgkFg0HhEJhULhkNh0PiERiUTikVi0XjEZjUbjkdj0fkEhkUjkklk0nlEpkDPZ8 ql0vlUsmUwmkcls1ecymc4nkUZ5nRUXX6gi06nc9pEPABhGwAX8VAAAitGo9JitNqUDqNZeYAG0F qMErdarkFZ9BACKltesVsgSQrx6rNRpqQiVUllWiy/PTzpsCsI2p9dr8DuFcthhMOAstipgAM+Aw tdqVhyi/y1hy0PvF5vVQseU0NuwBhp2M0eNgWYwF9wkypeUxl+udSv8Qzs3nOfsgAokIwOLymHxm FuTz02MzG1G2TrSQpuuuksqPL2e3qNy1UIZ7AeVD8Cg8S/8k5m+6qsvreD4HV3ta5OyzF2Z/r1Gq rYA6Xx+vu2TsPyhryD0xQth4LYbMVBQwjESBIPIYCqI63SlP83iSGeX4wwQGoChqG5ClmQxCEKRZ CwQ5obsUSJkPNCkBD01yCl+R4xPYhz7L5G6Kr4PUdoKSEYx+lJgF+HisEKWkkkWVxaEWVpGREWZG FaQgwhuM8Huo0LRMa/MvS+5ztO2rbDy41DnHmR8zzNAKwS+/SYHY6AARLJUnFdJ5GFdKUqSiQxZz ySBQP6zc3LfL6BqxOCuTGg9GPtNCCjFLkvzGstIM3IjoBtJMkzuURgHaX5RF1EU70BQE8y63qy0W eb2Tcw7BIFRyDS+01Dq3NM1s3V7UMMra8qaGE0pQX7oTuQqnxfFxn1GURF2VXUz1+3sfPG8jf1tN 7Yvu3s00pTSB1zSq6W08DypcZ5QEgQkokZB8drwdpgFzPxC3NTVrPvRlazO3tY30xtxTBOFW0Y4V 1qHPRWkKMMfPIlrcplEtDWrgCt4hGNd3+7Nb4/b+RPNXquOXL8b13jcxyGk8Ml/JlpFoMREjDeRf wjiadPuxc2oJfjRMnMuPXHVmRvyxaZYLRVIoNa2Tp4lhflyQ1pSSRQwxrB2tqG8cu39ftfaRQ9Lr phEvs9fxn5LYLq59VrH4AmqWVHZUnEKRUUOaMGITbNtMYOtr8udctyvfRPBNElluVhsHBPzGSkvI 8hIFnJN4SUQguC4LYt5trqBKYuyCFBRahoNTnItX0Bfht0dYPEt4bdVWHTr8xfKQcgxHubmyEQ05 vX8lZECh6Gwei0Gwb+SGwtz/KZWkWhugJhZAxEfeT0wvARIeN44tQ2MRCEXE3LTvKRaF0hlCpw7p IDCLQesVZjPe39fgBeG2GzxmM8yg/0Rb6kcPtQ0GJZQi2crNfsQcdooAegwAW+NVAs30i5VEqIdq 9YFncFAGFy6UBZi/e1BsswvwtgLC4nkVwvxikHQoPKEiM0NC0FmqZKkI4YkDQy7xOyJREryHaegZ 8MFRuTgTAopCGRIC0FEO0WgtBGQihyQsZ7713wgEMYpQaEDdnmFALlBwoDyDtfsd0X4tBcvpFaLS JEUyCHkg8/xPIhQeIKQc5NyYkBFtYQYvJ7aGYoJQjbG6N4kBFQAWU52OrWQxINEeYpEohHPPYZa1 FWD9ZCEMSKIpPyUI1pLFcIySTyjmgABqVELiSo5xSkzK0gjUolp+SlCpJiUkSiFlwzF/kTJByuhy hkXL0Hnp3asLST0nUqJ4FnEGX0zSBRmSmnluynknTGlkqlEQopMTOldMCAEoUpCGiwn1U8y5uTnh 0vZJ0a1pTtT4ntJigEoC6l7OiTJ3RRQ0WklNJUFBFz8F1GSe1A6CUFoNQehFCaFULIQQEA1lbmRz dHJlYW0NZW5kb2JqDTI1IDAgb2JqDTEzMDANZW5kb2JqDTIzIDAgb2JqDTw8DS9MZW5ndGggMjgg MCBSDS9GaWx0ZXIgL0FTQ0lJODVEZWNvZGUgDT4+DXN0cmVhbQ0KeiEhKiciIlRTTjQhISFOMCEm RlRUQWNNZ10hISZEZSE2YkVDcyJhV1QxQjkzZSErbiJlUjU0aWUxQkBHZSEhJFUyDQoxTS1XIUFj UzYyITZmJFRzKnQoTEosaytmISEmRGUxUlM1VFIvaVlDITZnaTJzMyhIQ2JRJ0hDIStzRlRSRVBa VA0KYlEuXEMhISokITFdSUdlcnJBSmUhNmtIQ3MlRiYpOUcyLDcnXkFASDFCOTMyISZIRDIxTS1W Q1IvZiVlISZPWDINCjFCOTNlMUdeaCExR2JGVDFYJVgycyg0JWVBaHU1VDFNMTVUUjpcOCFBaSdJ VDFCPGghMVJVJTJSNTo4ITFYKTdDDQpzMyo4IWJWTSchMU00aWVSRVJKMmJWVDshMUJARzIxXUs3 Q3MiZylDMVgsa1Rycj9YMiErbiJlQW5EJFRSL2dqQw0KISt1NmVBY09XITFHYFdUMU0zJTJCJDwm Q3MoNWpDQW5FaTJBbkdYZVI6XidUQW5NKDJBY1M2MjFSVmllUjpfa1QNCkIkP1pUczMsJ1RiW3Ja VEFuSzghUkVUOWViXCRuVEFjVmpDMV1NJyFzKDddIUIkQzllcnJAUUwhLl1UTUosaytNDQpKLGt1 OyExPlZDUjpaR2VSL2laISExRWpDUi9mJTIxR2JHMjFSWFhlUkVSSVRzKDdaIUFza0dlUjpeJyFS Ol9sMg0KQXNyW2VSL2lZQzFSWFlDUkAwSjJSRVYoZXMzLWwyYmFDOTJSOmFbMlJFVilDYmFKTTJS L204VDFdTmtUcy1dO1QNClJFWV0hcy5IJFxecWRfZmA3VXMwbixVWjQhNmQ1IWJbcGshUi9rSVQh NmtJIWJRJ0hDMUdkNmUxWCk3Q2JmaGxlDQpzKDlJVEIkPCZDYlt0SjJSOmFbZUIkQzpDYlErJ1Qx UlpJIVJFVihlYmZsTCFzMy9bZWJmaGxlYlwjKUNSRVduIQ0KYmZwK2ViUS5bZTFdUFsyczMtbzJi ZnArMnMmbitXXnRjXi1qNT0sMSEqXSFAPjUsQjpxL2Q4Rk9UNTRJITwzJCENCnMiYVpUQWNWayEh PDo3Q3M4T25UISZPWDIxXU0mQ3MtWVxDYlZUOyFCKV9qQ3MiZTllQW5NKDJCKWcoZXM4U01lDQoh MUVqQ1JLJGxlcy1dO1RiYUpNMmJsN1tlcyJobiFCJEM6Q2JsPm8yczhXLSEhPDwnVHM4UV4ycy1g b2VibEBfQw0Kenp6enp6enp6fj4NZW5kc3RyZWFtDWVuZG9iag0yOCAwIG9iag05NTANZW5kb2Jq DTI5IDAgb2JqDTw8DS9MZW5ndGggMzAgMCBSDS9GaWx0ZXIgL0xaV0RlY29kZSANPj4Nc3RyZWFt DQqAFEQA0hFQGjEYDkXDIQDQbC4ajYQCAqEQGjAQRiMHIzwMXkaMDGGRQzA0WjAXDAajMZxMqGOM y47iAUDIZi0gnUzi0cjkUxQ1A0ajcawscTGKESkS+aFM2GkyGWJiMQT8qUEaUWJRikzQZVagkWDH GBjEXDmGTODiAlQONRAYQyUDW4iApEeyjAZ2eGDYaC4Zww2wMbjS9jW+3/AiA2QMpwOBReM4AcjY YzGOQMZxIajWFQzPC4bxIYw+jnKpSXNiAajQZC7S6yFaMQDEbykaCDUCDVZwZUXV6HaaUXafU5KU DO0XLdR0G8EYDiIZzZ6TTbrj28ZjgcczM8+JDQc2bEbLRaTbjDc7uS9ocYbMc7VjTC6LQdXa9f2e CG0O+PM4b9OyyYZtGGr4s08IaLMkUAOs4rsN45DABu38EP41y/ujBzavS9cBuSvwbwu+YYNuGSju FB7jQk7QbQ2jb5Ik5SUBpFL8OJFj2wIxAcxJGYbr2GjcxVDrcQjHbkwW70ZBAGaIhcv0ORzJEJpY lkfyc5TiyJHEBRbAjfwPGMEycGTXxu88jPVKrtBjAsshmGDqTVKj9u0lUfTI/kUM/KcvyShYcwXL IZQq2E6OHD02snFAZNzPbVzEwFExXRiUUNOdCu26c/whO9Ghq7lChk8j7zrRdQUwGrL0iiQZPU+1 PR1CabLRLIYhw29byLO0QIWGYY0g5syttBlTwDT9fzPJ9cNalM00VI9VIWGNc1xAqjVnS6FxMo9X NrWAXRtbdqSZYq9XHLtUWnX4YsrVtiP4HCHylXtAQnd8zyyGyFPfct3O5c7+MRCFe1TgL4XA4MvW VMCUBs7tIL4zt5PpNUgyio7Bgbi7aNHaDGIGrNKBBkENsbjrgIljOI5Fjrb4+veXZSNCBjMFWYTU 0Ly45j2WVNl+SNWG+g5Toc6PLo+Y6Shma5vnOizUyz/44G9F6pW+U6vI4bL3ButoexevS5l6iSiE C/MBpzCL/KW1Ijs0hNztTF6218K7Svd/7vvTYbYBupNprPAcFpuzNA6W47vccUtuiWt7m1jTKPyL /yhKWt5XycotzsOQv9sDCUXUWQ62hVeOllDCIVlz/NX091c5zzCOlR7WKLwsTxSv9yc/uNn98wit NYv/b63t0idpwPJWf47Cbw0He8qwmg2eyuzJRFKiyH7PQIe2OU37kvQ8BiLixS6W7IH897M/6gGh sh/sNDFGXhsoraZ58yizZ/b9y/lHRfABtbaUavwbUhtF5Z3IPsQ1AIszNH2N7boa95bZF/vjdg+w 15sYNQNfjB1oCanxQPZMWY2kJWQsngQ/NlhD3VvxhdCeEj7CFINcM/eG5fSFQbhlAxtMPYQPyiA2 SIaJ20mvcy+w273QbQifursvpZmtPsOk2+Kj5jpKjbI6J+MQm/N8hs2VtT8AblzIk/giDhSzP2fk 4hxraSHvCeY7KIj2HNRkhm5+AUc4zG3PLG9rZ0lyRqaU6whbaS/uLkQy6IzLwcEog9G2SCNW0yUZ TJFcbJoYPwBwYchkLJISgPNIdwMKHDtblRJc/7TwGs4KEXtwbj2NkDWe3l9ryzOyJfOqNlMu1bvj i86+NJ0nwy2NvBmJsupkrrlNAt+hCpnkoew+eY78YDxBb+/dTBuYzumls++GibJfvqlC0aWzlIaQ plsVoo7UpTS3nOkeX7xpvRoZeStqa/pdSkfHGKWLGJ0FCYhN6gZdHOylcBPo8r/5fz+hBPpwce5b SyjTLRl7NpXs5IKA0HDuTWOKIkUkBpHzL0jCoSUFAXDfg2LAA0sQDSyEHRNGs1ipWuo2jjBFFjNg rggDcW6IBajLltQmXQuRcCGF3Ly7ZIi+2rPAX2ykx4DTI0zhNUQthbjJ1Iq6XWplNDXu3VYRKqJG KysvqqZGjpIQQAtXiod7C1i9v2IoG0i5okemTKIDJPVeq/LyI+QxFDISSANBQEUKYR6X0xrabWt9 cSGLWnsS6vBb2Iu3momJeVibF2NINY8y9cCY1yOs72y1ea+1/tXXyvZ36TAgsKhuw4KK3ggCGG8N gdaXgoDaGINIYQQBEDKHMNIZ6ghDDKG4OgZQ5WgIIQat1pCMN5NK5uu6E7MsTLQxU79tgW24t1bw oFiLf3BuHcW49ybl3NufeWxxBjNw7IbaikhGkLkfJaQiw1Ka8gwPUZcihMCUYAWCTImgUg0hjDQG EOQZAQBNDKGwp4dA9XQpmcEGk3bZF7TYTZNRu6fVAq4xBiRk7uoHO/hyrVRjLhqxKTGsJmyFpEl2 g1n0+DOvwMM7Izpr48Mjqc7gotAGkOTe1jx1qKWyTxnM8WME9Xix+nzJbH+NWhPENblFkafjWsza E8l4s1IQUaDEzmq+JWNWaYpio52LCy1bLXjA5GMi8TYywRGdwIGrF7V5Gp7rls/lmoBGp+xETXwx jU/40OgTCV1dwn5xj9Jd6Ff7jaTr99Lu4ei3Jy7BY6Mtd5FeXR+MtzbldmeqxA6Z2YxPZu72b8sY tzjnS/BGKwyfZ3E9CDHAc1odLHQ8ePj/G0LQoh3B19jqjM7pkEBMAGg5L2cHG5DNpNoM6X82O11/ md0hs8ge3MbVjNztczirFtbX2ockke0NroN1OavY69qdbliy8WZZE93ZkymCDX7xdNg4IU/5IcBd wUeyfl9squnyY9NWvSTfCkG8Ho/j7HqDT3xx4kQzXT+uHUj2gd1TvCl/g4gi8WE0mtmcFKPwc+u9 ItyeKKrxKEtaPZJyhqggfIkNmt1JJBNG+D/66oaxdl23ejct5C9PoT3eKvSoxxV1zF1b8UfAZzeo IOIcrvpwzc+7N9c7pE7iVfAkj5Xewdxg0+mXcUi27jMXauey74fOrZthtoZmzQQOjoMVnmLJX2Ok lsbZ8tv9gVYJIymFcCoTMFAQgy4NpeSc0XfvFEwBQHYNNL8C9+RHgOt+BQb8mwQCgN4cgwmNCSG4 OAdQ6W4wb6gMd7g0h6DCHQNIbw3eTvoC1qj3SukfNy7ew4LYoeg8Z44LgMz6UvBlOrxhSvCG5+Lg X6hTAUBQDkG8MQbAy0vLMYv0FvgdUv97X5NXwQjG5Xef+w7u/r+Y+WkP5xr24/RBBbH9vVfDkpKG pQJg8oWsPKIo8cCSDaDg+2DsKk9w84NgBuPGJdACUwM28+8aJoDaDSDcI6uMDaDqDY9u9yqDASDK DIwXBC90BADe8mwKLQ8MwIJSSe8U8dAWDkBADoDQKk8m0Iby+Q9KpYJtAcLi/iJpAavKRqbi/GDa +/COre+IIqMmJEfxAk9CNgPewFAuBQ9vBuDQNQDmDQt0DI8mg64mKY0SNa+u+UTONzAcJENjB9AL CKDKwYDcDSDiDrCYKuJMTOU6+M7e/U/YdQ8UJK/hCopW+YBo/qU6/w/1EEJcPaJSBhDeKY8oTzBm JoCGNQ9vB1CONg8tCpAEQq8M8dCXBwDewgDoDeBAKivdAyDcKkDSDM2e9iDC9muc9rBQqCDSDm85 Cc+uKUwKNa8vCqWsWvDiBQDMDKDCuM+6NS9OBAuEDO82vK8oVhABCiRtDSJpAWqCNQDGDKDTBq8m dKbiBaJYZLEAtk+uJK+M2RDhCy/mBu+c+gJc+kCMMvCfEhEkTY9BEqIRG0BQCHFpFsDk9rFg9Y9c BADgucDM9PDar9GHAFIg9KDaDCDdG/GgDcwhFYuc/AkTHfFJF6/HA1DyKCIxD8QgK6+tFBJXGPBJ BM9mDDGbBuNRI0DmBc/Mm2+MPxHS/3EGcCKNCI+SJo/nESvLD4/vHq/zHuNrEcsO9EUHJYNgThGO CYDeDeDWN5GeDg9uvcDcDmBBA0OxG/GnD1AEMDAtBgRMVY9LBqBADE8iDC81IdGpKQIlJQ8NHtEC /cv9ELJBKJEREVKS/UMvJ9Eev+PER9H6klLW9KCqDmKkBmKVCEBtB7EokkUfFHG2DSDKJnFSBADm J0DOuK9eDpJqDJF5Lq/tLusLLzKXL2/5EJKDCpKHEO/pKPNWKXHtMLKc/6TeV1KkXea9MdMgwi90 uatwwcDZFVM+KiDNJIz5A+9wBbBYJSNLIi+sWFLawcuCuZIU+3GbI8LjMswJIpF6+NF+MnEk+ZEM DnK5G/HG7HHM2mpRL1HVMPHbEm/k+ZHlKPHpMJPvKeNwNXMXQGpQ8cCmDowc9eDuDTBxNBLLJNBj KkL1IoDg+9FmwdFq9o9s9xBSDHGXJK2jJ0/QNpJ7N7NkRRKFB/MDNxEXKVEbL5H05NGvLO/48cCp ILIsDPQwDuDDOqNsITNpE8SxGPAXNBCND0OTArKkPoPhGPA8t3LAvCClIsDIDeDaDYDyKrGoOSVF RXSMwdAcN+SDKkWCPE9LS2DDAQwqDqKjPPCfGANgKzCJGrQrGPStNA+8DuBZC4uWz5GVNCN29xCX FWwmDCDyugICDWVuZHN0cmVhbQ1lbmRvYmoNMzAgMCBvYmoNMzMxMw1lbmRvYmoNMjIgMCBvYmoN PDwNL1R5cGUgL1BhZ2UNL1BhcmVudCA1IDAgUg0vUmVzb3VyY2VzIDw8DS9Gb250IDw8DS9GMCAx MiAwIFIgDS9GMSAxNiAwIFIgDS9GMiAxOCAwIFIgDS9GMyAyMCAwIFIgDS9GNCAzMSAwIFIgDT4+ DS9YT2JqZWN0IDw8DS9pbTIgMjQgMCBSIA0+Pg0vUHJvY1NldCAyIDAgUg0+Pg0vQ29udGVudHMg WyAyNiAwIFIgMjkgMCBSICBdDT4+DWVuZG9iag0zNyAwIG9iag08PA0vTGVuZ3RoIDM4IDAgUg0v RmlsdGVyIC9MWldEZWNvZGUgDT4+DXN0cmVhbQ0KgAxEECgRyM4gBozGwghQgG4yGAgGo0iJyMog MwNOMIGIzGIuGQ4EERiItGY0Fw1hY2GQyFwzGUSG4wkA0EBjNsIF5pNozEBEN4NgIA1lbmRzdHJl YW0NZW5kb2JqDTM4IDAgb2JqDTc2DWVuZG9iag0zNSAwIG9iag08PA0vVHlwZSAvWE9iamVjdA0v U3VidHlwZSAvSW1hZ2UNL05hbWUgL2ltMw0vRmlsdGVyIC9MWldEZWNvZGUgDS9XaWR0aCAxNzUN L0hlaWdodCA0Ng0vQml0c1BlckNvbXBvbmVudCA4DS9Db2xvclNwYWNlIFsgL0luZGV4ZWQgL0Rl dmljZVJHQiAyNTUgMzQgMCBSIF0NL0xlbmd0aCAzNiAwIFINPj4Nc3RyZWFtDQqAPOBQOCQWDQeE QmFQuGQ2HQ+IRGJROKRWLReMRmNRuOR2PR+QSGRSOSSWTSeUSmQM9nyqXS+VSyZTCaRyWzV5zKZz ieRRnmdFRdfqCLTqdz2kQ8AGEbABfxUAACK0aj0mK02pQOo1l5gAbQWowSt1quQVn0EAIqW16xWy BJCvHqs1GmpCJVSWVaLL89POmwKwjan12vwO4Vy2GEw4Cy2KmAAz4DC12pWHKL/LWHLQ+8Xm9VCx 5TQ27AGGnYzR42BZjAX3CTKl5TGX651K/xDOzec5+yACiQjA4vKYfGYW5PPTYzMbUbZOtJCm666S yo8vZ7eo3LVQhnsB5UPwKDxL/yTmb7qqy+t4PgdXe1rk7LMXZn+vUaqtgDpfH6+7ZOw/KGvIPTFC 2HgthsxUFDCMRIEg8hgKojrdKU/zeJIZ5fjDBAagKGobkKWZDEIQpFkLBDmhuxRImQ80KQEPTXIK X5HjE9iHPsvkboqvg9R2gpIRjH6UmAX4eKwQpaSSRZXFoRZWkZERZkYVpCDCG4zwe6jQtExr8y9L 7nO07atsPLjUOceZHzPM0ArBL79JgdjoABEslScV0nkYV0pSpKJDFnPJIFA/rNzct8voGrE4K5Ma D0Y+00IKMUuS/May0gzciOgG0kyTO5RGAdpflEXURTvQFATzLrerLRZ5vZNzDsEgVHINL7TUOrc0 zWzdXtQwytrypoYTSlBfuhO5CqfF8XGfUZREXZVdTPX7ex88byN/W03ti+7ezTSlNIHXNKrpbTwP KlxnlASBCSiRkHx2vB2mAXM/ELc1NWs+9GVrM7e1jfTG3FME4VbRjhXWoc9FaQowx88iWtymUS0N auAK3iEY13f7s1vj9v5E81eq45cvxvXeNzHIaTwyX8mWkWgxESMN5F/COJp0+7Fzagl+NEycy49c dWZG/LFplgtFUig1rZOniWF+XJDWlJJFDDGsHa2obxy7f1+19pFD0uumES+z1/Gfktgurn1WsfgC apZUdlScQpFRQ5owYhNs20xg62vy51y3K99E8E0SWW5WGwcE/MZKS8jyEgWck3hJRCC4Lgti3m2u oEpi7IIUFFqGg1Oci1fQF+G3R1g8S3ht1VYdOvzF8pByDEe5ubIRDTm9fyVkQKHobB6LQbBv5IbC 3P8plaRaG6AmFkDER95PTC8BEh43ji1DYxEIRcTctO8pFoXSGUKnDukgMItB6xVmM97f1+AF4bYb PGYzzKD/RFvqRw+1DQYllCLZys1+xBx2igB6DABb41UCzfSLlUSoh2r1gWdwUAYXLpQFmL97UGyz C/C2AsLieRXC/GKQdCg8oSIzQ0LQWapkqQjhiQNDLvE7IlESvIdp6BnwwVG5OBMCikIZEgLQUQ7R aC0EZCKHJCxnvvXfCAQxilBoQN2eYUAuUHCgPIO1+x3Rfi0Fy+kVotIkRTIIeSDz/E8iFB4gpBzk 3JiQEW1hBi8ntoZiglCNsbo3iQEVABZTnY6tZDEg0R5ikSiEc89hlrUVYP1kIQxIoik/JQjWksVw jJJPKOaAAGpUQuJKjnFKTMrSCNSiWn5KUKkmJSRKIWXDMX+RMkHK6HKGRcvQeendqwtJPSdSongW cQZfTNIFGZKaeW7KeSdMaWSqURCikxM6V0wIAShSkIaLCfVTzLm5OeHS9knRrWlO1Pie0mKASgLq Xs6JMndFFDRaSU0lQUEXPwXUZJ7UDoJQWg1B6EUJoVQshBAQDWVuZHN0cmVhbQ1lbmRvYmoNMzYg MCBvYmoNMTMwMA1lbmRvYmoNMzQgMCBvYmoNPDwNL0xlbmd0aCAzOSAwIFINL0ZpbHRlciAvQVND SUk4NURlY29kZSANPj4Nc3RyZWFtDQp6ISEqJyIiVFNONCEhIU4wISZGVFRBY01nXSEhJkRlITZi RUNzImFXVDFCOTNlIStuImVSNTRpZTFCQEdlISEkVTINCjFNLVchQWNTNjIhNmYkVHMqdChMSixr K2YhISZEZTFSUzVUUi9pWUMhNmdpMnMzKEhDYlEnSEMhK3NGVFJFUFpUDQpiUS5cQyEhKiQhMV1J R2VyckFKZSE2a0hDcyVGJik5RzIsNydeQUBIMUI5MzIhJkhEMjFNLVZDUi9mJWUhJk9YMg0KMUI5 M2UxR15oITFHYkZUMVglWDJzKDQlZUFodTVUMU0xNVRSOlw4IUFpJ0lUMUI8aCExUlUlMlI1Ojgh MVgpN0MNCnMzKjghYlZNJyExTTRpZVJFUkoyYlZUOyExQkBHMjFdSzdDcyJnKUMxWCxrVHJyP1gy IStuImVBbkQkVFIvZ2pDDQohK3U2ZUFjT1chMUdgV1QxTTMlMkIkPCZDcyg1akNBbkVpMkFuR1hl UjpeJ1RBbk0oMkFjUzYyMVJWaWVSOl9rVA0KQiQ/WlRzMywnVGJbclpUQW5LOCFSRVQ5ZWJcJG5U QWNWakMxXU0nIXMoN10hQiRDOWVyckBRTCEuXVRNSixrK00NCkosa3U7ITE+VkNSOlpHZVIvaVoh ITFFakNSL2YlMjFHYkcyMVJYWGVSRVJJVHMoN1ohQXNrR2VSOl4nIVI6X2wyDQpBc3JbZVIvaVlD MVJYWUNSQDBKMlJFVihlczMtbDJiYUM5MlI6YVsyUkVWKUNiYUpNMlIvbThUMV1Oa1RzLV07VA0K UkVZXSFzLkgkXF5xZF9mYDdVczBuLFVaNCE2ZDUhYltwayFSL2tJVCE2a0khYlEnSEMxR2Q2ZTFY KTdDYmZobGUNCnMoOUlUQiQ8JkNiW3RKMlI6YVtlQiRDOkNiUSsnVDFSWkkhUkVWKGViZmxMIXMz L1tlYmZobGViXCMpQ1JFV24hDQpiZnArZWJRLltlMV1QWzJzMy1vMmJmcCsycyZuK1dedGNeLWo1 PSwxISpdIUA+NSxCOnEvZDhGT1Q1NEkhPDMkIQ0KcyJhWlRBY1ZrISE8OjdDczhPblQhJk9YMjFd TSZDcy1ZXENiVlQ7IUIpX2pDcyJlOWVBbk0oMkIpZyhlczhTTWUNCiExRWpDUkskbGVzLV07VGJh Sk0yYmw3W2VzImhuIUIkQzpDYmw+bzJzOFctISE8PCdUczhRXjJzLWBvZWJsQF9DDQp6enp6enp6 enp+Pg1lbmRzdHJlYW0NZW5kb2JqDTM5IDAgb2JqDTk1MA1lbmRvYmoNNDAgMCBvYmoNPDwNL0xl bmd0aCA0MSAwIFINL0ZpbHRlciAvTFpXRGVjb2RlIA0+Pg1zdHJlYW0NCoAURADSEVAaMRgORcMh ANBsLhqNhAICoRAaMBBGIwcjPAxeRowMYZFDMDRaMBcMBqMxnEyoY4zLjuIBQMhmLSCdTOLRyORT FDUDRqNxrCxxMYoRKRL5oUzYaTIZYmIxBPypQRpRYlGKTNBnVqCRYMcYGMRcOYZM4OICVA41EBhD JQNbiICkR7KMBnZ4YNhoLhnDDbAxuNL2Nb7f8CIDZAynA4FF4zgByNhjMY5AxnEhqNYVDM8LhvEh jD6OcqlJc2IBqNBkLtLrIVoxAMRvKRoINQINVnBlRdXodppRdp9TkpQM7Rct1HQbwRgOIhnNnpNN uuPbxmOBxzMzz4kNBzZsRstFpNuMNzu5L2hxhsxztWNMLotB1dr1/Z4IbQ748zhv07LJhm0Yaviz TwhosyRQA6ziuw3jkMAG7fwQ/jXL+6MHNq9L1wG5K/BvC75hg24ZKO4UHuNCTtBtDaNvkiTlJQGk Uvw4kWPbAjEBzEkZhuvYaNzFUOtxCMduTBbvRkEAZoiFy/Q5HMkQmliWR/JzlOLIkcQFFsCN/A8Y wTJwZNfG7zyM9Uqu0GMCyyGYYOpNUqP27SVR9Mj+RQz8py/JKFhzBcshlCrYTo4cPTaycUBk3M9t XMTAUTFdGJRQ050K7bpz/CE70aGruUKGTyPvOtF1BTAasvSKJBk9T7U9HUJpstEshiHDb1vIs7RA hYZhjSDmzK20GVPANP1/M8n1w1qUzTRUj1UhYY1zXECqNWdLoXEyj1c2tYBdG1t2pJlir1ccu1Ra dfhiytW2I/gcIfKVe0BCd3zPLIbIU99y3c7lzv4xEIV7VOAvhcDgy9ZUwJQGzu0gvjO3k+k1SDKK jsGBuLto0doMYgas0oEGQQ2xuOuAiWM4jkWOtvj695dlI0IGMwVZhNTQvLjmPZZU2X5I1Yb6DlOh zo8uj5jpKGZrm+c6LNTLP/jgb0Xqlb5Tq8jhsvcG62h7F69LmXqJKIQL8wGnMIv8pbUiOzSE3O1M XrbXwrtK93/u+9NhtgG6k2ms8BwWm7M0Dpbju9xxS26Ja3ubWNMo/Iv/KEpa3lfJyi3Ow5C/2wMJ RdRZDraFV46WUMIhWXP81fT3VznPMI6VHtYovCxPFK/3Jz+42f3zCK01i/9vre3SJ2nA8lZ/jsJv DQd7yrCaDZ7K7MlEUqLIfs9Ah7Y5TfuS9DwGIuLFLpbsgfz3sz/qAaGyH+w0MUZeGyitpnnzKLNn 9v3L+UdF8AG1tpRq/BtSG0Xlncg+xDUAizM0fY3tuhr3ltkX++N2D7DXmxg1A1+MHWgJqfFA9kxZ jaQlZCyeBD82WEPdW/GF0J4SPsIUg1wz94bl9IVBuGUDG0w9hA/KIDZIhonbSa9zL7DbvdBtCJ+6 uy+lma0+w6Tb4qPmOkqNsjon4xCb83yGzZW1PwBuXMiT+CIOFLM/Z+TiHGtpIe8J5jsoiPYc1GSG bn4BRzjMbc8sb2tnSXJGppTrCFtpL+4uRDLojMvBwSiD0bZII1bTJRlMkVxsmhg/AHBhyGQskhKA 80h3AwocO1uVElz/tPAazgoRe3BuPY2QNZ7eX2vLM7Il86o2Uy7Vu+OLzr40nSfDLY28GYmy6mSu uU0C36EKmeSh7D55jvxgPEFv791MG5jO6aWz74aJsl++qULRpbOUhpCmWxWijtSlNLec6R5fvGm9 Ghl5K2pr+l1KR8cYpYsYnQUJiE3qBl0c7KVwE+jyv/l/P6EE+nBx7ltLKNMtGXs2lezkgoDQcO5N Y4oiRSQGkfMvSMKhJQUBcN+DYsADSxANLIQdE0azWKla6jaOMEUWM2CuCANxbogFqMuW1CZdC5Fw IYXcvLtkiL7as8BfbKTHgNMjTOE1RC2FuMnUirpdamU0Ne7dVhEqokYrKy+qpkaOkhBAC1eKh3sL WL2/YigbSLmiR6ZMogMk9V6r8vIj5DEUMhJIA0FARQphHpfTGtpta31xIYtaexLq8FvYi7eaiYl5 WJsXY0g1jzL1wJjXI6zvbLV5r7X+1dfK9nfpMCCwqG7DgoreCAIYbw2B1peCgNoYg0hhBAEQMocw 0hnqCEMMobg6BlDlaAghBq3WkIw3k0rm67oTsyxMtDFTv22Bbbi3VvCgWIt/cG4dxbj3JuXc2595 bHEGM3DshtqKSEaQuR8lpCLDUpryDA9RlyKEwJRgBYJMiaBSDSGMNAYQ5BkBAE0MobCnh0D1dCmZ wQaTdtkXtNhNk1G7p9UCrjEGJGTu6gc7+HKtVGMuGrEpMawmbIWkSXaDWfT4M6/AwzsjOmvjwyOp zuCi0AaQ5N7WPHWopbJPGczxYwT1eLH6fMlsf41aE8Q1uUWRp+NazNoTyXizUhBRoMTOar4lY1Zp imKjnYsLLVsteMDkYyLxNjLBEZ3AgasXtXkanuuWz+WagEan7ERNfDGNT/jQ6BMJXV3CfnGP0l3o V/uNpOv30u7h6LcnLsFjoy13kV5dH4y3NuV2Z6rEDpnZjE9m7vZvyxi3OOdL8EYrDJ9ncT0IMcBz Wh0sdDx4+P8bQtCiHcHX2OqMzumQQEwAaDkvZwcbkM2k2gzpfzY7XX+Z3SGzyB7cxtWM3O1zOKsW 1tfahySR7Q2ug3U5q9jr2p1uWLLxZlkT3dmTKYINfvF02DghT/khwF3BR7J+X2yq6fJj01a9JN8K Qbwej+PseoNPfHHiRDNdP64dSPaB3VO8KX+DiCLxYTSa2ZwUo/Bz670i3J4oqvEoS1o9knKGqCB8 iQ2a3UkkE0b4P/rqhrF2Xbd6Ny3kL0+hPd4q9KjHFXXMXVvxR8BnN6gg4hyu+nDNz7s31zukTuJV 8CSPld7B3GDT6ZdxSLbuMxdq57Lvh86tm2G2hmbNBA6OrC5wSs2/EyK0lCMZdYJ/7DknW6bHAZSy ZgoCmGml+BV6ctKZ4pYT3SKePDaHANhUgh4NDkGEMd7g0h6DCHQNIb7khpDkGMOoaQ6YYqE9irWt iY64zuDNciTzcscWCUdArgPgpazKY4yGrPakS9vjH3RZV6WyUHnz6CM10r/NtM1JyDTS/C4ntAGL pTYrBsmXRJ31zc/hIxX43PB/1Wy4ybH8MxlXoBKOobkBZWuL//wbX6JFDbQ0j/76bg6jStb5SvL2 zWr5wuzO77q2Q2JjhXL9b3hl78JV8CqV0A6mT5YEDWjOr54g5lwmz34ssEadgBsDbVqobOKoy/Ay 6sMB78j6kET4Q1pl74r3ytT5MDkBL5kFrNS7bOxBJGZa5jgGwG77x+EFUDsD7VyzUBqWw2JGys0K Q9B5cJkH0D0IEEEKJjoHL+6M8Gguh1UMIjCqkHguhx62SNRlxjitJTLKsNZQyEyVyWCjsKiIAGSI hKSki2LwQ9rLDxorgKjx4OgMyl4FqvzwIhiuDHo8orq2J26w7ApcjxrzDtsQomgJr1i5q3DBwNgN 4EAKYO4MoMoODycQTy7sDzYmgHQ3g1AOIOq5YMYPIEAMINzCCl7DYh5uMQgpTxUSYpkQjx4KwMMR MPb7URTt4rrxROb6LxoFDCQMIOYOo1Cl4szzTy8bL9sTQFEV8bAkRkMX4pbAjBAFAOi94q4g6QA5 kZrDkQcVTx4Fgqq8pN6RMckeEYcc8Q8bDSBAsVgioEEP4ka/zzEgomAFEYz2kLUD5eMEL3kG0Eo5 8JJJ0G8NDVcHrfkJwycIUEKJ43MKkGkkBDsLEHijooaRZV8Pkboi0QkhMdMhkjcLkJ5YasIxAo8k UN5+w20k0jMFcBQtcFz3MLw1r+ojEN5J4/8OMjAyIlaOa2Q+oxcncMyfLGg3MPbmZwCjSWEoEH8o SoRb5tEGD3ZvLDbm0JEnKGMDajovxmcnK/kPrwbygl0hIKwMgMil5M5CEfMuomgF4GURIzbfgnil ApTAqlEhIKi4r2a8oFooo8sRyTYrsl4mgIYJoJ4KcRLTcyUlqt6STy0hI1AMYMoNIOy50mUFksEL sGJ0pUb9iOMCSIz4RdKLw2zoJFAos2xkE17a8FELKKEjitysIywhhGkkcG4hxwELMmc1cmsIabA8 KSMkZTUB8psBE4MmgmMshkYxY5UKpjs6Yhx+AoYjD4p8RBs4868Hs7M1ch8Lw1xGZ25nxuIwJ5Yr I8L8yX5+wrMM6WxQxNU+yIB8RTU+ybk/M/0FMHkr0Lc50okm818MUN8MBkMpj5EjIz0OcNstBTVC woQHMOY+qGMrhnNBk4U6AvywlCSCbe9D0DZryC0qIxQwSDkrEMR8QwKTcrKVogdEi6I54yrLA7Ze slrOoy7FY2EbUhININwOAOsxsdbe4FqAYrs99JEhAmgN9J9J1KAsIgwgIA1lbmRzdHJlYW0NZW5k b2JqDTQxIDAgb2JqDTMyNDkNZW5kb2JqDTMzIDAgb2JqDTw8DS9UeXBlIC9QYWdlDS9QYXJlbnQg NSAwIFINL1Jlc291cmNlcyA8PA0vRm9udCA8PA0vRjAgMTIgMCBSIA0vRjEgMTYgMCBSIA0vRjIg MTggMCBSIA0vRjMgMjAgMCBSIA0+Pg0vWE9iamVjdCA8PA0vaW0zIDM1IDAgUiANPj4NL1Byb2NT ZXQgMiAwIFINPj4NL0NvbnRlbnRzIFsgMzcgMCBSIDQwIDAgUiAgXQ0+Pg1lbmRvYmoNNDYgMCBv YmoNPDwNL0xlbmd0aCA0NyAwIFINL0ZpbHRlciAvTFpXRGVjb2RlIA0+Pg1zdHJlYW0NCoAMRBAo EcjOIAaMxsIIUIBuMhgIBqNIicjKIDMDTjCBiMxiLhkOBBEYiLRmNBcNYWNhkMhcMxlEhuMJANBA YzbCBeaTbNiIbwbAQA1lbmRzdHJlYW0NZW5kb2JqDTQ3IDAgb2JqDTc1DWVuZG9iag00NCAwIG9i ag08PA0vVHlwZSAvWE9iamVjdA0vU3VidHlwZSAvSW1hZ2UNL05hbWUgL2ltNA0vRmlsdGVyIC9M WldEZWNvZGUgDS9XaWR0aCAxNzUNL0hlaWdodCA0Ng0vQml0c1BlckNvbXBvbmVudCA4DS9Db2xv clNwYWNlIFsgL0luZGV4ZWQgL0RldmljZVJHQiAyNTUgNDMgMCBSIF0NL0xlbmd0aCA0NSAwIFIN Pj4Nc3RyZWFtDQqAPOBQOCQWDQeEQmFQuGQ2HQ+IRGJROKRWLReMRmNRuOR2PR+QSGRSOSSWTSeU SmQM9nyqXS+VSyZTCaRyWzV5zKZzieRRnmdFRdfqCLTqdz2kQ8AGEbABfxUAACK0aj0mK02pQOo1 l5gAbQWowSt1quQVn0EAIqW16xWyBJCvHqs1GmpCJVSWVaLL89POmwKwjan12vwO4Vy2GEw4Cy2K mAAz4DC12pWHKL/LWHLQ+8Xm9VCx5TQ27AGGnYzR42BZjAX3CTKl5TGX651K/xDOzec5+yACiQjA 4vKYfGYW5PPTYzMbUbZOtJCm666Syo8vZ7eo3LVQhnsB5UPwKDxL/yTmb7qqy+t4PgdXe1rk7LMX Zn+vUaqtgDpfH6+7ZOw/KGvIPTFC2HgthsxUFDCMRIEg8hgKojrdKU/zeJIZ5fjDBAagKGobkKWZ DEIQpFkLBDmhuxRImQ80KQEPTXIKX5HjE9iHPsvkboqvg9R2gpIRjH6UmAX4eKwQpaSSRZXFoRZW kZERZkYVpCDCG4zwe6jQtExr8y9L7nO07atsPLjUOceZHzPM0ArBL79JgdjoABEslScV0nkYV0pS pKJDFnPJIFA/rNzct8voGrE4K5MaD0Y+00IKMUuS/May0gzciOgG0kyTO5RGAdpflEXURTvQFATz LrerLRZ5vZNzDsEgVHINL7TUOrc0zWzdXtQwytrypoYTSlBfuhO5CqfF8XGfUZREXZVdTPX7ex88 byN/W03ti+7ezTSlNIHXNKrpbTwPKlxnlASBCSiRkHx2vB2mAXM/ELc1NWs+9GVrM7e1jfTG3FME 4VbRjhXWoc9FaQowx88iWtymUS0NauAK3iEY13f7s1vj9v5E81eq45cvxvXeNzHIaTwyX8mWkWgx ESMN5F/COJp0+7Fzagl+NEycy49cdWZG/LFplgtFUig1rZOniWF+XJDWlJJFDDGsHa2obxy7f1+1 9pFD0uumES+z1/Gfktgurn1WsfgCapZUdlScQpFRQ5owYhNs20xg62vy51y3K99E8E0SWW5WGwcE /MZKS8jyEgWck3hJRCC4Lgti3m2uoEpi7IIUFFqGg1Oci1fQF+G3R1g8S3ht1VYdOvzF8pByDEe5 ubIRDTm9fyVkQKHobB6LQbBv5IbC3P8plaRaG6AmFkDER95PTC8BEh43ji1DYxEIRcTctO8pFoXS GUKnDukgMItB6xVmM97f1+AF4bYbPGYzzKD/RFvqRw+1DQYllCLZys1+xBx2igB6DABb41UCzfSL lUSoh2r1gWdwUAYXLpQFmL97UGyzC/C2AsLieRXC/GKQdCg8oSIzQ0LQWapkqQjhiQNDLvE7IlES vIdp6BnwwVG5OBMCikIZEgLQUQ7RaC0EZCKHJCxnvvXfCAQxilBoQN2eYUAuUHCgPIO1+x3Rfi0F y+kVotIkRTIIeSDz/E8iFB4gpBzk3JiQEW1hBi8ntoZiglCNsbo3iQEVABZTnY6tZDEg0R5ikSiE c89hlrUVYP1kIQxIoik/JQjWksVwjJJPKOaAAGpUQuJKjnFKTMrSCNSiWn5KUKkmJSRKIWXDMX+R MkHK6HKGRcvQeendqwtJPSdSongWcQZfTNIFGZKaeW7KeSdMaWSqURCikxM6V0wIAShSkIaLCfVT zLm5OeHS9knRrWlO1Pie0mKASgLqXs6JMndFFDRaSU0lQUEXPwXUZJ7UDoJQWg1B6EUJoVQshBAQ DWVuZHN0cmVhbQ1lbmRvYmoNNDUgMCBvYmoNMTMwMA1lbmRvYmoNNDMgMCBvYmoNPDwNL0xlbmd0 aCA0OCAwIFINL0ZpbHRlciAvQVNDSUk4NURlY29kZSANPj4Nc3RyZWFtDQp6ISEqJyIiVFNONCEh IU4wISZGVFRBY01nXSEhJkRlITZiRUNzImFXVDFCOTNlIStuImVSNTRpZTFCQEdlISEkVTINCjFN LVchQWNTNjIhNmYkVHMqdChMSixrK2YhISZEZTFSUzVUUi9pWUMhNmdpMnMzKEhDYlEnSEMhK3NG VFJFUFpUDQpiUS5cQyEhKiQhMV1JR2VyckFKZSE2a0hDcyVGJik5RzIsNydeQUBIMUI5MzIhJkhE MjFNLVZDUi9mJWUhJk9YMg0KMUI5M2UxR15oITFHYkZUMVglWDJzKDQlZUFodTVUMU0xNVRSOlw4 IUFpJ0lUMUI8aCExUlUlMlI1OjghMVgpN0MNCnMzKjghYlZNJyExTTRpZVJFUkoyYlZUOyExQkBH MjFdSzdDcyJnKUMxWCxrVHJyP1gyIStuImVBbkQkVFIvZ2pDDQohK3U2ZUFjT1chMUdgV1QxTTMl MkIkPCZDcyg1akNBbkVpMkFuR1hlUjpeJ1RBbk0oMkFjUzYyMVJWaWVSOl9rVA0KQiQ/WlRzMywn VGJbclpUQW5LOCFSRVQ5ZWJcJG5UQWNWakMxXU0nIXMoN10hQiRDOWVyckBRTCEuXVRNSixrK00N Ckosa3U7ITE+VkNSOlpHZVIvaVohITFFakNSL2YlMjFHYkcyMVJYWGVSRVJJVHMoN1ohQXNrR2VS Ol4nIVI6X2wyDQpBc3JbZVIvaVlDMVJYWUNSQDBKMlJFVihlczMtbDJiYUM5MlI6YVsyUkVWKUNi YUpNMlIvbThUMV1Oa1RzLV07VA0KUkVZXSFzLkgkXF5xZF9mYDdVczBuLFVaNCE2ZDUhYltwayFS L2tJVCE2a0khYlEnSEMxR2Q2ZTFYKTdDYmZobGUNCnMoOUlUQiQ8JkNiW3RKMlI6YVtlQiRDOkNi USsnVDFSWkkhUkVWKGViZmxMIXMzL1tlYmZobGViXCMpQ1JFV24hDQpiZnArZWJRLltlMV1QWzJz My1vMmJmcCsycyZuK1dedGNeLWo1PSwxISpdIUA+NSxCOnEvZDhGT1Q1NEkhPDMkIQ0KcyJhWlRB Y1ZrISE8OjdDczhPblQhJk9YMjFdTSZDcy1ZXENiVlQ7IUIpX2pDcyJlOWVBbk0oMkIpZyhlczhT TWUNCiExRWpDUkskbGVzLV07VGJhSk0yYmw3W2VzImhuIUIkQzpDYmw+bzJzOFctISE8PCdUczhR XjJzLWBvZWJsQF9DDQp6enp6enp6enp+Pg1lbmRzdHJlYW0NZW5kb2JqDTQ4IDAgb2JqDTk1MA1l bmRvYmoNNDkgMCBvYmoNPDwNL0xlbmd0aCA1MCAwIFINL0ZpbHRlciAvTFpXRGVjb2RlIA0+Pg1z dHJlYW0NCoAURADSEVAaMRgORcMhANBsLhqNhAICoRAaMBBGIwcjPAxeRowMYZFDMDRaMBcMBqMx nEyoY4zLjuIBQMhmLSCdTOLRyORTFDUDRqNxrCxxMYoRKRL5oUzYaTIZYmIxBPypQRpRYlGKTNBp VqCRYMcYGMRcOYZM4OICVA41EBhDJQNbiICkR7KMBnZ4YNhoLhnDDbAxuNL2Nb7f8CIDZAynA4FF 4zgByNhjMY5AxnEhqNYVDM8LhvEhjD6OcqlJc2IBqNBkLtLrIVoxAMRvKRoINQINVnBlRdXodppR dp9TkpQM7Rct1HQbwRgOIhnNnpNNuuPbxmOBxzMzz4kNBzZsRstFpNuMNzu5L2hxhsxztWNMLotB 1dr1/Z4IbQ748zhv07LJhm0YavizTwhosyRQA6ziuw3jkMAG7fwQ/jXL+6MHNq9L1wG5K/BvC75h g24ZKO4UHuNCTtBtDaNvkiTlJQGkUvw4kWPbAjEBzEkZhuvYaNzFUOtxCMduTBbvRkEAZoiFy/Q5 HMkQmliWR/JzlOLIkcQFFsCN/A8YwTJwZNfG7zyM9Uqu0GMCyyGYYOpNUqP27SVR9Mj+RQz8py/J KFhzBcshlCrYTo4cPTaycUBk3M9tXMTAUTFdGJRQ050K7bpz/CE70aGruUKGTyPvOtF1BTAasvSK JBk9T7U9HUJpstEshiHDb1vIs7RAhYZhjSDmzK20GVPANP1/M8n1w1qUzTRUj1UhYY1zXECqNWdL oXEyj1c2tYBdG1t2pJlir1ccu1RadfhiytW2I/gcIfKVe0BCd3zPLIbIU99y3c7lzv4xEIV7VOAv hcDgy9ZUwJQGzu0gvjO3k+k1SDKKjsGBuLto0doMYgas0oEGQQ2xuOuAiWM4jkWOtvj695dlI0IG MwVZhNTQvLjmPZZU2X5I1Yb6DlOhzo8uj5jpKGZrm+c6LNTLP/jgb0Xqlb5Tq8jhsvcG62h7F69L mXqJKIQL8wGnMIv8pbUiOzSE3O1MXrbXwrtK93/u+9NhtgG6k2ms8BwWm7M0Dpbju9xxS26Ja3ub WNMo/Iv/KEpa3lfJyi3Ow5C/2wMJRdRZDraFV46WUMIhWXP81fT3VznPMI6VHtYovCxPFK/3Jz+4 2f3zCK01i/9vre3SJ2nA8lZ/jsJvDQd7yrCaDZ7K7MlEUqLIfs9Ah7Y5TfuS9DwGIuLFLpbsgfz3 sz/qAaGyH+w0MUZeGyitpnnzKLNn9v3L+UdF8AG1tpRq/BtSG0Xlncg+xDUAizM0fY3tuhr3ltkX ++N2D7DXmxg1A1+MHWgJqfFA9kxZjaQlZCyeBD82WEPdW/GF0J4SPsIUg1wz94bl9IVBuGUDG0w9 hA/KIDZIhonbSa9zL7DbvdBtCJ+6uy+lma0+w6Tb4qPmOkqNsjon4xCb83yGzZW1PwBuXMiT+CIO FLM/Z+TiHGtpIe8J5jsoiPYc1GSGbn4BRzjMbc8sb2tnSXJGppTrCFtpL+4uRDLojMvBwSiD0bZI I1bTJRlMkVxsmhg/AHBhyGQskhKA80h3AwocO1uVElz/tPAazgoRe3BuPY2QNZ7eX2vLM7Il86o2 Uy7Vu+OLzr40nSfDLY28GYmy6mSuuU0C36EKmeSh7D55jvxgPEFv791MG5jO6aWz74aJsl++qULR pbOUhpCmWxWijtSlNLec6R5fvGm9Ghl5K2pr+l1KR8cYpYsYnQUJiE3qBl0c7KVwE+jyv/l/P6EE +nBx7ltLKNMtGXs2lezkgoDQcO5NY4oiRSQGkfMvSMKhJQUBcN+DYsADSxANLIQdE0azWKla6jaO MEUWM2CuCANxbogFqMuW1CZdC5FwIYXcvLtkiL7as8BfbKTHgNMjTOE1RC2FuMnUirpdamU0Ne7d VhEqokYrKy+qpkaOkhBAC1eKh3sLWL2/YigbSLmiR6ZMogMk9V6r8vIj5DEUMhJIA0FARQphHpfT Gtpta31xIYtaexLq8FvYi7eaiYl5WJsXY0g1jzL1wJjXI6zvbLV5r7X+1dfK9nfpMCCwqG7Dgore CAIYbw2B1peCgNoYg0hhBAEQMocw0hnqCEMMobg6BlDlaAghBq3WkIw3k0rm67oTsyxMtDFTv22B bbi3VvCgWIt/cG4dxbj3JuXc2595bHEGM3DshtqKSEaQuR8lpCLDUpryDA9RlyKEwJRgBYJMiaBS DSGMNAYQ5BkBAE0MobCnh0D1dCmZwQaTdtkXtNhNk1G7p9UCrjEGJGTu6gc7+HKtVGMuGrEpMawm bIWkSXaDWfT4M6/AwzsjOmvjwyOpzuCi0AaQ5N7WPHWopbJPGczxYwT1eLH6fMlsf41aE8Q1uUWR p+NazNoTyXizUhBRoMTOar4lY1ZpimKjnYsLLVsteMDkYyLxNjLBEZ3AgasXtXkanuuWz+WagEan 7ERNfDGNT/jQ6BMJXV3CfnGP0l3oV/uNpOv30u7h6LcnLsFjoy13kV5dH4y3NuV2Z6rEDpnZjE9m 7vZvyxi3OOdL8EYrDJ9ncT0IMcBzWh0sdDx4+P8bQtCiHcHX2OqMzumQQEwAaDkvZwcbkM2k2gzp fzY7XX+Z3SGzyB7cxtWM3O1zOKsW1tfahySR7Q2ug3U5q9jr2p1uWLLxZlkT3dmTKYINfvF02Dgh T/khwF3BR7J+X2yq6fJj01a9JN8KQbwej+PseoNPfHHiRDNdP64dSPaB3VO8KX+DiCLxYTSa2ZwU o/Bz670i3J4oqvEoS1o9knKGqCB8iQ2a3UkkE0b4P/rqhrF2Xbd6Ny3kL0+hPd4q9KjHFXXMXVvx R8BnN6gg4hyu+nDNz7s31zukTuJV8CSPld7B3GDT6ZdxSLbuMxdq57Lvh86tm2G2hmbNBA6OrWLM cFTjcaSWxtny2/xJ1u+GwJgixIeAw0vJQDfE+AyaBtDh5AlMZzc+U8Qb+uwVCZgoDYVIN4Zi7XFD qGwOgczeBvDkRQOVwQ3Bn9GCAO/j7y+IYilLyhXPQE0DsGXDBZeRG5Bif5lyZyFPd+OyXEQIKf1B LWZcy531cwWQ7h43LPmzq3Nt9poX3SGVwSg3llP15N/kIf+b4n2Pvz0IHRokuaSDqwNr8go9ftCG 5MDk/576LOL6heRaycRGz9YwRkYkRTsAxWRo8BRuL46igg5d5bUCKID88Ch+0Bj9gBr+TVa6Ig4/ xW4+j8DwYIxA6/g9RQwlw9olIlREb3sFxUrxgqINgMIPIEAOwOYFwOb0YmYOQMK5oEAMINzCANoM IPEHK3QOgMIM41L1w3gMLCgNL2YEAMoMkJz4YBpQzTa/AGTXgo4kSJBd57TZ5jgF4NINpA4IgN4B ogINZW5kc3RyZWFtDWVuZG9iag01MCAwIG9iag0yNTAzDWVuZG9iag01MyAwIG9iag08PA0vVHlw ZSAvWE9iamVjdA0vU3VidHlwZSAvSW1hZ2UNL05hbWUgL2ltNQ0vRmlsdGVyIC9EQ1REZWNvZGUg DS9XaWR0aCAzNDgNL0hlaWdodCAzNDANL0JpdHNQZXJDb21wb25lbnQgOA0vQ29sb3JTcGFjZSAv RGV2aWNlUkdCDS9MZW5ndGggNTQgMCBSDT4+DXN0cmVhbQ0K/9j/7gAOQWRvYmUAZIAAAAAA/9sA QwAJBgYGBwYICAgJDQkKCg0RDg0NDBIaGRQQFBgZHyAeHh4eISIoKCQjJCUgJysrKywuMzMzMi0z MzMzMzMzMzMz/8AAEQgBVAFcAwERAAIRAAMRAP/EANIAAAEFAQEBAQEBAAAAAAAAAAMAAQIEBQYH CAkKCxAAAQQBAwIEAgUGBggHAw1hAQACEQMEIRIxBUFRYRMicYEyBhSRobFCIyQVUmIzNMFygkMH JZIIU9HwY3M1FuGi8bKDJkSTVGRFwqN0NhcY0lXiZfKzhMPTdePzRieUpIW0lcTU5PSltcXV5fVW ZnaGlqa2xtbm9jdHV2d3h5ent8fX5/coOEhYaHiImKi4yNjo+AkZKTlJWWl5iZmpucnZ6fkKGio6 SlpqeoqaqrrK2ur6/90ABAAE/9oADAMBAAIAAwAAPwD3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9D3Fe4r3FJJJJJJ JJJf/9H3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9T3Fe4r3FJJ JJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9b3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9f3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9D3Fe4r 3FJJJJJJJJJf/9H3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9T3 Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9b3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9f3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf /9D3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9H3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJ JJJf/9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9b3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9f3Fe4r3FJJ JJJJJJJf/9D3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9H3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJYeITV9c+q1/m 5GBiWt/pNfc134bUlh4hNX1z6rX+bkYGJa3+k19zXfhtX//T9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//U9xXuK9xS SSSSSSSSX//V9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//W9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//X9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//Q9xXu K9xSSSSSSSSSX//R9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//S9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//T9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//U 9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//V9xXuK9xSSSSVfO6hg9Pxn5ObkV41LObLXBrR8ykuZd1DHs+vuLVWLA9m Fk03B7HNE76nsIJEOBAfqJEgjss/pP1s6L1XMtwqLLKslg3inJrfU+ys8PYHgFzD4j5rmXdQx7Pr 7i1ViwPZhZNNwexzRO+p7CCRDgQH6iRII7L/1vcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1/cV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl// 0PcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0fcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0vcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0/cV7ivcUkkkkkkk kl//1PcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1fcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1vcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1/cV7ivcUz27 mObJEgiRyEz27mObJEgiRyFGxnqVvZJbuBEjkSqvSLX3dLwrHkl5pZvn96NfxVXpFr7ul4VjyS80 s3z+9Gv4qh9XcizI6B0y20l1jsar1Ced4aA78ZVtW1or/9D3Fey9T6x0zpVLbc7IZQHnawO1c8+D WjVx8gCV7ikss5/1m6rp0/Fb0rHP/CnPbNrh/ApBEfF7gR+4UklYwfqv07HyWZmS6zqWa3jJzCHv b/QEBrP6gCSxPrBZZR1L6u3tcWt+3mm2Do5llFoAP9cMPyVzqnR+m9WoFObQ21rTuY7UPrd4scIc 0+YIKxPrBZZR1L6u3tcWt+3mm2Do5llFoAP9cMPyX//R9xXqG76xdC+kLOuYA/OaB9rpHmNBaB4i HeTivcUlr9N6p0/qmMMjCvbfXJaS3lrhyHA6tI7ggEJLI+t/2gfVXrL8ZzmX14l1lRaYO9jS4ajz CtLI+t/2gfVXrL8ZzmX14l1lRaYO9jS4ajzC1KbWXVV2s1a9ocPgQktSm1l1VdrNWvaHD4EL/9L3 Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf /9b3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9f3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9D3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9H3Fe4r3FJJJJJJ JJJf/9L3Fe4r3FJJJUeje3EfX/ir72fIWOj8IWBV1/pXScYY2TdOR617asappfdYBY6NrGguIiNY gdyFlfVr2dOto49DLyqwPAC5+3/akK8lu+tXVx7AOg4rvznbbMtw8hrXX89/wC1V/9P3FevdM+rn Sum2uyKqzdlvEPyshxsuePDe6SB5CAOwC9xSWmkkkksL65ezo9WR3xc3Cvnwa3Ir3f7WUlhfXL2d HqyO+Lm4V8+DW5Fe7/ayv//U9xXuK9xSWT1L6uYuXknOxrH9P6hAH2rHgOcBwHtOj2+Thp2IOqSH k0MyMe6h/wBG1jmO+BEKqz6w5vSiyn6xUtpaSGt6hQD9mef4cyaj/SJb4P7IeTQzIx7qH/RtY5jv gRCy/qfbbb9VeiutBFow6W2g8h7WgOH3grfa5r2tc0hzXCQRwQsv6n222/VXorrQRaMOltoPIe1o Dh94K//V9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//W9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//X9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//Q9xXuK9xS SSSSSSSSX//R9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//S9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//T9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//U9xXu K9xVbAyLL2XepAdXdZXp4Bx2/hCrYGRZey71IDq7rK9PAOO38IVHpObdl1ZPrBofTlX1e3ja152/ PbE+asqyrySSS//V9xXrfUPrP0vCyThsL83NAB+yYbd9onjcBowHxeWjzXuKSrfZfrR1bXLvHRcY /wBgxCH5Dh/CtI2t+DQT4PSVHp/ty+p1+F4ePg6tv88o31f6VgdMv6lTjVBpFrT6jiXWPaa2n3Pd LnazySsro/6PqHXKP3cttjfg+ph/3oOV5bK1V//W9xXuK9xSSSSSSWR9cMd+T9VOt1V/xjsK/Z5P DCW/jCSyPrhjvyfqp1uqv+MdhX7PJ4YS38YX/9f2zEyGZWLRkM+jdW14+DhK9xXtmJkMysWjIZ9G 6trx8HCUVJFSTOa17S1wDmuEEHghJY31Vvut6dkV3PL7MfOzKZdztbe/Z/tNqwHfV7M6W5131euZ jtJ3OwL5+zPP8GJNR/oy3xaVjfVW+63p2RXc8vsx87Mpl3O1t79n+02r/9D3FetdN+smLlZIwcqp /TuoQT9lyIl4HJrcPa9vm0yO4B0XuKS10lj4mTkD619UxLLHOq+x4l9LSdGkvua+P71v3pLHxMnI H1r6piWWOdV9jxL6Wk6NJfc18f3rfvWwkthf/9H3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf /9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9b3Fe4r3FJJJJJJ JJJf/9f3Fe4r3FUcD2ZvU6/9GZYPg6to/KCqOB7M3qdf+jMsHwdW0flBWV0j9H1PrlPb7TXa0eT6 WD8rSrypZP1rwvXfidNqs6tlsO11eIAWVn+HYSGM+BO7wBWqkh/sjrvVder5v2Sg/wDCPpznNkeD 7tHu/qhnzSX/0PcV7P0/pnTumY4x8HGrxqgZ21NABJ5J8Se5OpXuKStJKjV7OtZTe1mPS4fEOeD/ ADKjV7OtZTe1mPS4fEOeD/MsrH/R/WfPb2uxMewfFrrAfwLVeV5aq//R9xXuK9xSSSSSSUbK2W1v reJa8FpHiCko2VstrfW8S14LSPEFf//S9W+pVj3/AFS6KHmX1YtdLz/CrGx34tK9xXq31Kse/wCq XRQ8y+rFrpef4VY2O/FpW2kttJJJYX1e/RdV+suP2Gey5o/g2Y9R/wB6DklhfV79F1X6y4/YZ7Lm j+DZj1H/AHoOX//T9xXs/Uul9P6pjHGzqGZFUhwDhq1w4IPII7Eahe4pLI9P6xdC/iy/rmAPzHkf a6h5OMC0eRh3m4pLCyf0P116c7tk9Pyqz/Srsqc38HOWr0vrHTuq0G7CuFoadr2kFr63fuvYYc13 kQCsLJ/Q/XXpzu2T0/KrP9Kuypzfwc5bquLdX//U9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//V9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSS X//W9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//X9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//Q9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//R9rryWWZF9ABD qdpM9w4afkXtdeSyzIvoAIdTtJnuHDT8i9oozq7szKxQ0h+NsLieCHgkEfcQjIyspJJJJnOaxrnO Ia1okk8AJL//0vcV6m/60jLc6roWK7qzwS03NOzFYR42kEHzDA8+S9xVGv2dbyB2txqiPi1zwf8A egqjOg5XUOqWN67k+sLKWvOPiF9dDgHEbXa7nxPcgGdW8AZVP6P60Zg7X4VDh8WPsB/BwV5dJjYu NiUV4+NUyimsQyupoa1o8ABoFqpIqS//0/cV7ivcUkklRu9nWcN3ayi5h+ILCPyFUbvZ1nDd2sou YfiCwj8hWTlfo/rN05/a7Fyaj8Q6tw/AOV5XlrL/1PcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1fVfqh+j6fm43/Eb qOaz4B1znt/2rwvcV6r9UP0fT83G/wCI3Uc1nwDrnPb/ALV4W4ktxJJJYWJ+h+unVGfm5OBiWj+k x9zXfgWpLCxP0P106oz83JwMS0f0mPua78C1f//W9xXuK9xSSSWP1vItxup/V97Y2W5j6LZAMB1F hBHgdzWjTsSsrqn1dws+9uZW5+Fn1iGZeMQLI8Hdnt/guBHz1WP1vItxup/V97Y2W5j6LZAMB1Fh BHgdzWjTsSthU/271Do59Pr9TfQH0epYwPox42t1NR89W/whwthf/9f3Fe312V21ssrcHseA5rmm QQeCCvcVl/WnLzML6t9WzMN2zIxsW26swDqxpdEHTWIUll/WnLzML6t9WzMN2zIxsW26swDqxpdE HTWIWmx7Xsa9plrgCD4gpLTY9r2Ne0y1wBB8QU6Sdf/Q9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//R9xXuK9xSSSSS SSSSX//S9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//T9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//U9jZ7OuWjtbjMPzY53/NgvY2ezrlo 7W4zD82Od/zYL1yv9H9acgf8SMGo/Oux8/72FeVnJycbFoffk2soprEvsscGtaPEk6BaqSxf9cWd 1L29BwTkMP8Awsy5qxx5t032f1RtP7wSSTs+qoy3Nt67lv6s8EOFLm7MVh8qgSD5F5efApL/1fcV 7gxjWNaxgDWtAAA4AC9xVHI9nWMJ/Z9V1Z+MscP95KpZHs6xhP7PqurPxljh/vJWTmfo/rJ0uztb j5NJ+M1uH+8lXleWskkkv//W9xXuK9xSSSVHqPtyem2/u5Bafg5jh+WFR6j7cnptv7uQWn4OY4fl hZXWv0ed0S/9zMLHfB9Vjf8AetqvK8tVf//X9xXuK9xSSSSSSSJAEnQKvnZ+D0/Gfk5uRXjUs+lZ a4NaPmUiQBJ0C//Q9N+qmbh5XUvrE7EuZfRblVZNb6zIh9FbT/tq3T4GQvZuldW6Z1jCrzenZNeX j2D22VGR8D4EdwdR3Xpv1UzcPK6l9YnYlzL6LcqrJrfWZEPoraf9tW6fAyF0itrpEkklhZv6H659 Is/NyMLMpPm4Ppe38A5JYWb+h+ufSLPzcjCzKT5uD6Xt/AOX/9H3Fe4r3FJJJYX1x9nTMXJ/4i9Q wbSfBvrsa7/auKSwvrj7OmYuT/xF6hg2k+DfXY13+1cVupcrdX//0vcV6lZ9W7un2OyPq9c3Bc4l z8OwE4tpJ1O0ascf3mQO5a5e4oObjNy8PIxnfRvrfWfg4EI/T/rJTblNwOoUu6Znu+jRcQW2+dTx 7XjyHuHdoQc3Gbl4eRjO+jfW+s/BwIWf9Ucl2V9VeiXu0fZhUF4PZ2wSPkVsLP8Aqjkuyvqr0S92 j7MKgvB7O2CR8itZJay//9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r3FJJJJJJ JJJf/9b3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJVuodT6f0zHORnZFeNUDG61wAJ7AeJPYDUpL/9f2PJ9nV8B/79d1X37X f8dXo93Ver9T6jiP6Viuw63stqZldQrIDg7a4ltUh5gN03bZleuZv6P6xdJt/wAZTk0H4nY8f7wV eV/G+qmF67MvqVtnV8ph3Nsy4LKz/ArADG/EDd4krVSW2kkkkv/Q9xXuK9xVHqXtv6db+5kgH4OY 5v5SFR6l7b+nW/uZIB+DmOb+UhZPXPZldFv/AMXmhp+Flb2flcFeV5aySSS//9H3Fe4r3FAys/Cw 2b8m+ukfw3AJiQBJMBZ/VvrB0Po1fqdTz8fCaePXsa0n4AmT8lg9U+tv1bspYxmfWbK7arAIdw14 J7dwCFT6gK8ipjGWsD2XVWDcf3XgkfMAhcX1/wDttf2vLsauunrDH205FF4212xFdjXOAOyJLQQP iq9/9s36vVkhjMiwjwYB+Uors/FaSC+CNIgqllf4RH1FpJFNGdkHsW1NA/F4P4L/0uj6h/by6di3 Oqq6bZcW8k2AAfgV7HZ1fHY7aWvkc6cI2V/hL4TXRjdBtsHjbkBv4BjlQd/b7cx4a/onxi//AJ4U XdYrY4NfW4HuRwqrf8Ji6Ru+rzY7xlH/AKRrvPqx9e/q99ZWhuHf6eTBJxroFgA5IE6j4fNV8+76 wZOQ3H6b9mxaiwOflXEve0ydG1CAT/CLo40OoHpn1O/tk/Vb63MDcDI9LKgl2JfDbQByQJII+BPn CyPr5/ba+rv1QnHJ/aHUP+ItTgNn9N0Hb8IJ8o1VT9ldI6ZkMy8p1nVeoN1bfluDnM/oCA2v+o0L P+vn9tv6v/VEnGaB1LqM64tTwPT/AKboO3yEE+Uar//T9B+p/wBZOndd6rbndNIGJ1DBqt2BoBbk VveLQ6PzoeyfIA916lb9X8PJtd1PpFx6XnWavtoaNlpP+Nr+i/4mHeDgvQPqb9Zende6rbn9NhuJ n4NVpr2gFmRW94tDo/Oh7J8oPddglV9ZLsCxuP8AWGhuA9zg1mUwk4tpJgDefoOP7r48AXLsUlvp LC+sX6LqX1byf8X1A1uP8Gyi1v8AvRaksL6xfoupfVvJ/wAX1A1uP8Gyi1v+9Fq//9T3Fe4r3FJJ JY31zpfb9UuttrE2Nw7n1/02NLm/iAksb650vt+qXW21ibG4dz6/6bGlzfxAWtRcy+mu5mrbGhzf gRKS1qLmX013M1bY0Ob8CJX/1fcV7ivcUlXz+nYPUcZ2Nm0MyKXallgkSOCPAjsRqOySx/qpebel PY5jK3Y+Xl45bWIbFd72tMcCWgHTTXssb7L9YOhAfY3P6zgN5x7n/rNTf4Fh0s+DyD/DPCx/qpeb elPY5jK3Y+Xl45bWIbFd72tMcCWgHTTXsthafSutdO6tXY7Et3OqdtuqeC2yl37r2GC0/ELYX//W 9xXuK9xXP9Q+sdvTc/rTb2epRhYeLlMDdDtsfa1+vlslUus9TZ0rpmTnvYbGY7d7mgwds6n5DVc/ 1D6x29Nz+tNvZ6lGFh4uUwN0O2x9rX6+WyV0CuroEkkl/9f3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9D3Fe4r3FJJ JJJJJJJf/9H3Fe4r3FJUeqdc6V0ljDm5LanWGK6xLrLD4MY2XOPkAUklnfa/rP1b+SUDo2Mf7Plg PyHD+DUDtb8XknxYkkrPT/qx0vDyRmPD87NAj7XmO32iedvZgPgwNHkkv//S9j6n7bOn2/4vJb/t muZ/x5ex9T9tnT7f8Xkt/wBs1zP+PL1zrvsu6Pf/AIrOYJ/0xj6/+Pq8ry1Ukkkkkl//0/cV7ivc VR61pgGz/FW02f3tjSfwCo9a0wDZ/irabP72xpP4BZP1n9vSHXf8R78e/wCVdrHH8AVeV5ayBm52 Jg47sjKtbTU3lzv8+VF72MaXOIaB3Ko9a650noXTreodTyWYuNV9J7+58ABqSewGq//U6f6z/wBs TKufZi9LmmsEtN35zh5aaflXr+X1JwJZUIj84rG/tg/29urdVtuwPq453T8JrnNOU0xde3xGgNYP l7vMahcdmZORk3utstfYX+6XkkyfNVMl73WB24kEbmz28l5Xk5WTl5FmRk2vvutcXWWWuLnPJ5JJ 1JVLPz8fFb6tsy86NHJPdDyHCRZEbh+PdCWF1PqNuZRUW+ytxO9o/eHie/j/AJ6RyHmxrbYPu0d8 Qkv/1fPLP0jGvj3NgO/mK9Kd72B8at0d/MvDVEN3sAP5vB/mU663XMDSI26NJ/IkquY++hrH0Xux 7Q4Bj2EgzMxI15E/EBTbO0MFobY3RhEzzwdEbFyMjHt9Six9TxHuY4giCCNR5gFYeQLbLH2vf6j3 GXO3SST3Ve+lzyXAhzvzoMp3WvfY99hL3PJc5zuST3K//9bzv+13/bA6h9Seri9m7IwriG5WMDAe OxE8OHI+7uvTsHMOC8gu3tcfc0cAePxXnv8Aa9+vvUPqZ1n7TWHXYd3tysYGBYOxHg5vY/Luvqjo vWendb6Zj9S6fcL8bIbuY4fiCOxB0IW+5tGVQWva22q1sFrhIcD2IK+pui9Z6d1vpmP1Lp9wvxsh u5jh+II7EHQjsVdWF+wupdGO/oFodjjnpuS4+kB/oT9TWfLVvgByrqwvrn7OisyO+LmYV8+DWZDC 7/ayrvSvrDhdQtdiva/CzqxNmJkjbY3zHZ7f4TSR5ysL65+zorMjvi5mFfPg1mQwu/2sr//X9xXu K9xSSSQ8ill9FtL9W2Mcx3wIhJDyKWX0W0v1bYxzHfAiFlfUy5931S6I9/8AGDDpZZ/Ta0Nd+IKS yvqZc+76pdEe/wDjBh0ss/ptaGu/EFf/0PcV7ivcUkklhfVz9F1H6yY3+L6j6jf6NtFT5/vi5JYX 1c/RdR+smN/i+o+o3+jbRU+f74uW6szqv1ewOpWMyCX4ubUCKszGO25g8J1Dm+LXAtPgt1f/0fcV 6h+2erdFO3rlQvxRx1HFYdrR/otYks83Nlvc7RovcVyH1sw/tHVMvFA/1S6Dn0z/AAq3M2/P9KSP grfXqqOr/VbqlWPY26vLwr2MfWQQ7cwgEELkPrZh/aOqZeKB/ql0HPpn+FW5m35/pSR8F0nScz7d 0vBy/wDiRRXb/fNB/nVvpOZ9u6Xg5f8AxIort/vmg/zrpOk5n27peDl/8SKK7f75oP8AOlgdUws9 +YzHc4uw73Y17X1vYW2BrXR7gJBDgQRIIMglLA6phZ78xmO5xdh3uxr2vrewtsDWuj3ASCHAgiQQ ZBKWB1TCz35jMdzi7DvdjXtfW9hbYGtdHuAkEOBBEggyCV//0vZsPqmFm35VOO51hxnbLH+m8Vl0 kENeRtcWkEODSdpEOg6L2bD6phZt+VTjudYcZ2yx/pvFZdJBDXkbXFpBDg0naRDoOi9mw+qYWbfl U47nWHGdssf6bxWXSQQ15G1xaQQ4NJ2kQ6Doratq2kkkkkkv/9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJVX9V6azPq6e7 JrGXaC5tG4byAJJjkDzKyOqfWronTMpmFbebs6wTXh4zTZe7SfoNkgeZgeaqv6r01mfV092TWMu0 FzaNw3kASTHIHmV//9T3Feohv1q6uPeW9BxXfmtLbMtw8zrXX8t/xC9xSV/pf1f6V0t77cemciwR bk2kvus/pPdLiPKYHYBJJaKSSSS//9X2PrenTnv/AMU+q3+8e138y9j63p057/8AFPqt/vHtd/Mv W/rR7ei3Xf8AEeyi+fD07Wv/AJleV5aySSSSSS//1vbMnKx8Sl119ja62iS5xgL3BzmtaXOMAdyv YOv/AFh6P9Xum2dQ6pktxqK+7uXHwaOST4Bcx1T669CuxMjFc57DfS4VvLZadwIB07A/PRZ/Ub6M jBycfdsddU5rSQYkggHTzXlvU/8ACB+qHUum9QwThZ9P2iiyplhZWQC5pAJ98iD4Sg9T/tkYOOwN xKXZFhaDudo2T+JRbepVVNb+e4gHThD6/wD4R3TqKhX0Tp78u4sbNuSdlbXEaw0amOOy4b6w9dz+ tZDbslw2ho2VtnazSD9/+fln5eRZeWuJ9saDwPdeQfW/659c+t3UxndUsBLWhtdVciusQAdrSTG4 iT4nygD/18rKzMehodc8NiB4+MaAeS9PeQWB3caH+ZeGrKv64+2m37M01lkEF0EkHnTj8qbeX0uA Gteo+B5/FJZXq2XV2MsJe6d4LtTIGv4fkUGHdW9hGv0mz+P4fkSUGOhj2EaO1HkQlUC5r2EGCNPI pL//0PNb8vHxv42wNJ7cmPgvSjsqkOOpEQP514cGuPAVLK6yK3ba69wLZa4mBr5KF1z9w8B9HwAU m1yJJhZ2VkW5QbaTBZoWjgeYTWk2t9UaOGjh5+Km0bZCA87vf37/AB8U1nvaLgIPDo7Hx+adf//R 8OJleh7fUBIHuHPn/srxPj4Lu/7Vf9szJ+pnUTRk7rulZTh69Y1NZ/fb5juO48wFodNzvsh9O2xv pntPB+5egf2pv7YGf9Vuo2U2Nff0q8g5FY1NR43t8/Edx5gR9Q4eZi52LTlYtrb6L2B9djDLXNPB C3QQQCNQV9MYmXjZmNVk41jbqbmh9b2GQ5p4IVP6y+v/AK3erGgNNwxLjXvaHN3hhIkHQiexVPqv RundWobVmUizYd1b2ktsqd+8x4hzT5ggql9ZfX/1u9WNAabhiXGve0ObvDCRIOhE9iv/0va8PJZl 4ePks+jdW2wfBwleoer9YehkC5tnW8Af2Sto+11DtLRAtHm2HfwXHVe14eSzLw8fJZ9G6ttg+DhK Mtfp3U+n9UxRk4N7Miokt3MPDhyCOQR3B1HdGSVpJYX1O/R9KyMb/iNn51QHg37Q8t/2pCSwvqd+ j6VkY3/EbPzqgPBv2h5b/tSF/9P3Fe4r3FJJJYWD+h+uXWKu1+Fh3jzcHXMd+DWpLCwf0P1y6xV2 vwsO8ebg65jvwa1bqS3V/9T3Fe4r3FY3WrK6Or/V+x1TXm3Jtxt5maw6ix2nkTWAR5jwWFf9WnYt 1mV0K8dOued1lBbuxrj/AAq9NpPdzIPju4WN1qyujq/1fsdU15tybcbeZmsOosdp5E1gEeY8Fnf2 vqOrN6Hh/astjqMap2HTj11xt9FxrlziSXO9naB5E6qj/a8o6w3oOF9syq3U41Rw6saquAz0XGuX PJJc72EaBo8idVnf2vqOrN6Hh/astjqMap2HTj11xt9FxrlziSXO9naB5E6q90nC65h9Q6/fdRil mdn1X0bL3k+mK6qnbpqEODa9wAkEnbIA3G/0nC65h9Q6/fdRilmdn1X0bL3k+mK6qnbpqEODa9wA kEnbIA3G90nC65h9Q6/fdRilmdn1X0bL3k+mK6qnbpqEODa9wAkEnbIA3H//1fVfq90nOxM7qWbk 4+LgfbfTJxcJ5fWbGl5fcXFlc2WbwHe2YY2XHhvqv1e6TnYmd1LNycfFwPtvpk4uE8vrNjS8vuLi yubLN4DvbMMbLjw31X6vdJzsTO6lm5OPi4H230ycXCeX1mxpeX3FxZXNlm8B3tmGNlx4buLcW4kk kkkkv//W9xXuK9xSSSSSSQ68bHqtutrqYyy4g2va0BzyBAk94Ggnsg1YeJTffkVUV13ZBabrGtAd YWiBuPJgaCeAh142PVbdbXUxllxBte1oDnkCBJ7wNBPZf//X9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//Q9o6nT6/T syn/ABlL2/e0r2jqdPr9OzKf8ZS9v3tK9k63jfaujdRx/wDHY1rPvaQp4t4txKbydH1tfPxEqeLe LcSm8nR9bXz8RKlh51VvSqM6x4ZW+htznOMAAtkknwWNf9a6WAvZWHVCfc4xx4yqTesCzWtgLJ0J XiXVP8JHPb1C9nTulUPxWPc2p9z3brGgmHECIkRprHisPqf9sixlVb8LHa9r5BscTo4dojwIT2dV eGAsYNeSexWZ1L/CM+t2RWxuFhYeGdvveQ57iZOokgARGhB+PZf/0bnXOvdS6xXVdkWktBLXVt0a 1w4j4j8QV6pkZFt4DnHTgjsCvJPrJ9a/rB9Z81uX1jMdlWMbtYCAGsHg1oAA89Ne6zw/1cP0z9Kk 7mf0TyPv1+9RHvoLe9eo+B5WQqGb1CnGoId7rK2lzWDmJ/JP8/golwNREe5kn5JLFs65k5IsqYBR ub7I1M+E+faENthc1zIju34pL//S8+reS9+8k+oCHF3j4/evSa43QdA4QSey8NSrDmPkiBqDPgp1 VvY8Fw2t1B3aaJKrlZ+LiH3Ol/ZreVF5roeNCTyJUgxxWVn9SyX7fTdsrc0EbefOT5HwUL7HjbtJ DCJEf58qbWAchf/T8TuItAtH0jo8Dx8fmvRLAHNFnc6OHgf9leKAQoh+6v0z2MtP8ygXe3ae3CY6 GfvTNIZJOp8FOpzKpc7UxG3yPikdf8qZwA44IU3mqoSGEtc06zyPPTkIlVbrLGMHLyAJ410X/9Tw 1egZFjwQ0ABkS2O48fivL8bouK5oNjnl7T7hwP8Ac+f+wkN02AuP0hzp2V6qqvEPpsbtrdqPJ3n8 f8/L1L+05/bU/wBbeQ3ovV7D+y73/o7Xf8Jnnv8A0D38Dr4rX6L1J7AKLgdg+i+NG/Feg/2tPr// AK38gdM6g8/s698tc4/yd57/ANEnnwOvivo5wruqIMPZY2NOCCFvL3Bza7qi0w5j2wfAgr//1fVv qS9zvql0ZrzL6cWuh5/hVjYfxavcV6t9SXud9UujNeZfTi10PP8ACrGw/i1bayOo/VvGyck52Ha/ pvUIA+048fpAO1jT7Xj4iR2I5W2kqzPrFl9Me2j6w0txQSGszqZOLYT+8TrUfJ3t8HFJYX1f/RdX +s2NwBnV3NH8GzHqn/bNct9rmuaHNIIIkEd1hfV/9F1f6zY3AGdXc0fwbMeqf9s1y//W9xXuK9xS SSWFlfofrr0x/bJ6fl1k/wAJllLm/gXJLCyv0P116Y/tk9Py6yf4TLKXN/AuW6kt1f/X9xXuK9xW F9b/ANHg4GV/xG6lhP8AgHXNrcfk15SWF9b/ANHg4GV/xG6lhP8AgHXNrcfk15S+qf6Orq+Lx9n6 nl6eHqu9b/o4sL6p/o6ur4vH2fqeXp4eq71v+jiX1T/R1dXxePs/U8vTw9V3rf8ARxbq3Vur/9D3 Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9H3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r3Fef/Wv6yv6Z 9W8Lp+M9v2h4NNmsuYyuW8dpIHOkSuR6h1cYvQ8PBrcPU2mp8HVrazt1HaY/KvDv7a/10/Zv1F6b 9WsS1v2jJa6jJ2PG6umh23aQDI3kAaiCA4LjKOqZeZRbjXWlwcNzQIGrddYHcfigdJyfUYWH5Lw1 DpfNdlJ4dDm+Th/lGi1GQQ5vjx8Ul//UoOzsfHPpWvANsAN7z2/3V6c0gEtPfReGrGt+sj23tFVM MBh2/wClHcR27+Kiy7ZYDt0HIPh3SWfbTkMynv8Ada0Ejc4yXNjv8lL0LWWktaXNGnxBSVYsFb5J IjURyoOr9J0uMRwBykv/1fOcnNrx6zY6GDXganyXpb7S0bmjaDOoGvwXhwBJ0WRldWtvqcaP0e0w 7xLex8vP8qE9xsYXNEFujvh4qYYAddVQc83Ve4zYzueXA/5FH+Mq491c/Nv3dlMDyUWulhrPjLfI /wCylX7mmsjnVvkf9lIBf//W8OBgn7ivQmSHGWmOCvFQ0kwBJ4SUHlrdO6sV9MzbmktqJAMGYGo+ KZQNggwDorNfRLtzG2vFe4SI118OyeVOmz1ZpcPa/gjXafFW6+mV4QbeLC6yvXXQGf8AY/z8P//X 8NXoDKnlhreBGpbqJaf8hXn8s3b2yD305/z/AM/JIZAq83/7z+Ck5peYOjRz5/5/5+SScXuZIcYH I8FJrA0nSPPuvcv7SH9tIn7P9Vus2/wMC95+6px/3k/LwW90XqnqtGPafePok9wvWf7VX18c4VdA 6i4+0AYlrvD9w/8AHfu8F//Q9U+qH6PBz8X/AIjdSzW/AOudY0fJrwvcV6p9UP0eDn4v/EbqWa34 B1zrGj5NeFupLdSTPYx7HMe0Oa4EEESCCksei/Z9bc7H9NgFuDj3NeB7nFtlrXAnuAC2O+p8o593 1fzekF1v1dtbVXyenXk/Z3eTCJNX9UFv8Husei/Z9bc7H9NgFuDj3NeB7nFtlrXAnuAC2O+p8o// 0fcV63036x4mZk/Ycit+B1ANLjiZEBzgOXMI0e3zaTHeDovcUlrJLC+sA9Lq/wBWcnwzrKXH+DZj 2/8AHg1JYX1gHpdX+rOT4Z1lLj/Bsx7f+PBq3Ulur//S9xXuK9xWJ9dWOd9UusuYJfTi2XMHi6sb x+LUlifXVjnfVLrLmCX04tlzB4urG8fi1Q6G9g+sP1hrYZbecTMHmH1Cuf8AkFYfR/0P1l+slH+M fi5Uf06hXP8AyCodDewfWH6w1sMtvOJmDzD6hXP/ACCt5bi3l//T9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//U9xXu K9xSSSSSSSSSX//V9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//W9Z+sv1hxeiYtTrrW0uvfsY94JDPFxABJjwHeOOV6 71/rdHSaKt9ja33u2Mc4Ehvi4gSTHl3jjlej/wBsD674X1UwMY23149+dYaqbbWuc2oAS55a0Fzg 0RoBqSASAZHjv1p+sHS+o9Vd9lu3taPS3vIDrXB7vcRzJBHMfAQAPPOsdSx8nNLqHF7WS31HCDZ7 j7j8Z/2BwPmv6/8AWeldX6963TXWXVVMNTsm5sPyXCx59Q9/cCOQI4AAAAyq8+jGeHPsbWW+4bjr p4Kz0fMDbB2hc0o5/VMh38gaACGv9QkDbPYA/DuuqG9wDqwIgOmRokv/1+Gy2B+S659mzdB1kkGN QCNDHHK9Ntqh+4kNB/zPbsvDUO20bjYwe5xMuiCD3+E8qLnRLmjU/nJKtkZDKsc2WT+jB+JB/wBl MYdSSeWfkP8AspwJ0WLb1XIva9tf6IgaAakiNdY5+CFvL2EcOaNPMeCmGAanVf/Q8Sba55c2xxcH xJOpBHB/z7L0Jhk7XaB3c9l4mR4dlBpcx34EJ6w9tgAbJ1BHj5JzqPBKdrpBiOJRPS2PD2vaADpu P+wk3soqFraahvBLwT7dvH3q/jdJuueQ4+nEE7uR8l//0fDV39j3Wsc5ukSXN/n4XnONiU4lm0MG v0X958Ckht97dhGonaf5kdzDXYXtBg/TH8/+f+4lDaRyIjxUrGtc2PmI7HxSTbiBA0B5UW1y7dYJ c3jwHmv/0vDV3jP0rNh+k36J8R4f5FwQZtcSODyPDzSUSdwgj3Djz8lYxsV95cGDbtElx4Hx0/z/ ACJRa5oG5wIHhGpVpvRsj1A0uYYEmCdPjona5zHNc0lrmmQRyCkbiyH1tAjgxqCr2FgV0H3S2zuQ dCPIwP8AP8P/09n+0d9faetVdQ6f1C8nq1loyHF5H6cCtjCW6DUBgLhrqS7gwPYOj9Ubm07X6Ws5 Hj5ruP7W/Wq8g9Qxsi1xzL7RkEvj9JFbGEjQawwEjxJPBgesLRXcpJJLDzv0P1y6Pb2vwsyg+bg6 l7fwa5JYed+h+uXR7e1+FmUHzcHUvb+DXL//1PcV7N1PpPTuq4/2fOobewEObOjmOHBa4QWkdiCC vcUlkx9YuhDT1OuYAPePtdQ/BtoHyf8A0iksL64/o+lY+T3xc/CtPk0XsDv9qStbpnVundVx/Xwr 23MB2uAkOY4chzTBaR4EArC+uP6PpWPk98XPwrT5NF7A7/akrdVtbq//1fcV7ivcUHMxmZWJkY7/ AKN1bqz8HCEkHMxmZWJkY7/o3VurPwcIXI/U/Ie/O6Nc/R+d9Xsbf/Sx36j5G4rCH6H68O/4udLH z9C4/wDSZcj9T8h787o1z9H531ext/8ASx36j5G4rtFurtF//9b3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9f3Fe4r 3FJJJJJJJJJf/9D3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9HqP7dzd3R+ngA7nvtYCOZ27o+e2F3H9tIRi9Osj6L7 BPxA/wAitf4SlAd0/wCr9sattyGA/wBJrD/x1eDzBkaQvPm3R5R+C8DVhtjN/rObuJ1gjQuWh0vK 23Ce3ZJHFpureHmXAl4Pyg/k/Bdv03I9egtJkj3D7uEl/9Lzm3Irqq2P59zmAcmBqAvSmkGt1ZGo lzfj3C8ODSeFkHrVj7XMaBXW6Q1xEkeBPZBbZJLSIB7+Cn6fzVF19wyC60l5EtcD3B5CZrjXbLgT Ehw8R3UgBA0hCcNj/aeDIKZ7DXZA7ag/kTwCIK//0/DjE6L0RzGg7iC0eA7FeJjdHHCZM+2WHbpt Go7x9ytU9Nybdh2bGvPtc/QcT+KdCD94NfAPB8D/ALK1cXpLcXba8+q9h3RGg+HmP8/JlBji0lpE g6FqvWVteA8Ha5okO8P9j/P4f//U8NXfFgqfu3RHGmq8/DzY2Nk+OugSSd6UOe1kiTofzVMBwgE9 v8/8/wDMJRefUBdwRJI7QpsrkwxpJ7Ac/wCf+fwSruc0FWa+m5rxIpcAP3oH5f8AP+b/1fDV2rLW NILgTHAC5OjpF9j4cQ1o5Oun4BJEdabK9zGt3NncIE/HhX8XBGM4scSQ/hwkT5Ef5/5EhO94mPcJ nzV1jdmg4/IklW0lx8Pzp4j7k7gCPAjUeS//1vFen5+Z03NozcO51GRjvD67GHVrgu8oc3FsZe17 xrILQI+BVTGyMjGvrvpearanBzXt5afFfVn9rX+2DhfXTorbZbX1DHAbl0Ds795v8F3bw4XV9Pz6 s2gWM0I0cPAr2L6q/WSjruAH6MyawBdX4HxHkf8AYXXq0tpYX1j/AEfUfq3lf4rqOx39G2i1n+9F qSwvrH+j6j9W8r/FdR2O/o20Ws/3otX/1/cV7ivcUkkll/WloP1a6uTUL9mLa8VuJAcWtJAkajUc jULJ6n9XMPNyPttD34HUGgBuXjQHkDhrxw9v8FwI8IOqy/rS0H6tdXJqF+zFteK3EgOLWkgSNRqO RqFoY9zMjHquZ9G1jXt+BEqoOv53SCK/rDU2uoaDqOOD9nPnYDJqPxJb/C7LQx7mZGPVcz6NrGvb 8CJX/9D3Fe3seyxjXscHNcAWuaZBB7he4pKSS4boX6tn/V9vHo5nWOm/1fUdY0f3tIKwurfofrR9 XL/8aMvEn+nWLI/5BXDdC/Vs/wCr7ePRzOsdN/q+o6xo/vaQV3K3V3K//9H3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf /9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r3FJJJJUeqdb6V0ljHZuS2p1hiuvV1lh8GMEucfIApJLO+1/W fq2mHjjo2Mf7PmAOvcP4NQMN+LzPixJf/9Tof8IDJOH9WelZIbuLOosETHNbz/Muu+vnQqOm9FZc LsjLvuvaLb8mwue+GujTRrRzo0AeS1/8I6mfqv0m6PoZ4b99bz/Mvn7Ozbqcy2tjWhjSdoOsg6g/ cvNxkEeUL57fUGvI15RG9RDfRbY3bvbuJHAJKtYmQRYDEKJrMCE13WH1O21MgjkvXY9F6iWlhHI8 U7a/Ff/V8Uutf9p9YOJJO8E/59uF6G47bG2N1BhzSvE28AeCHdt37miA7UDw8krWe4Fo0cJAHby4 TpnGYnkCFJzGxqCXNGob/uJgD2HwTEymNzXNLa2w5rdJ1JGvktHG6Ra9rX3zUwuiCNfu7L//1vDV 3jbNS130XaHy815s3pOPQGupaTYw7gX6z/MkmIdVZxqFcIbbXwYI+5JO6oc/RafH/cTNc6IcJI8P 8/8AP8iUy4Friwe4DVxGseScM5BHt8P8/wDP+b//1/DV3bCDLHcHv4FcJtEjSElAv9N5Ea8EQrdH TMq0b9oY2J3POiST9zH7gfTjx5B+QV7Awaqw4vZ6jzpPYDymPvSUbdmr62/HwB+Cvta6GtcTp+I8 1//Q8NXWunv/ALiztgaQWiPEf5/5/wAyUqXOa8FvIUoBH+eiSM4VCXskieB2/BIAxr2SUXHcNNIk wpBu7jkawv/R8NXaVuIlsS13IVJolwEStf6q/Wfqf1X63j9V6e+LajDmH6NrDy13kf8AZGoVnDyL 8DIbaxzS3UOBIG4La+rmTkdMyvtdJ97SAIkgjuD5FfWP1Q+t3SfrZ0arqXT3yD7baiffS/u138x7 jULrsXKpyqW21uBB5jsV6x0vqeP1PEbfSY7PYeWHwKj9c/Z0QZHfFy8PInwDMisu/wBqCjLO+ufs 6IMjvi5eHkT4BmRWXf7UFf/S9xXuK9xSSSUL6WX02UvEtsaWuHkRCShfSy+myl4ltjS1w8iIWT9T LX2/VLohfrY3Dprs/psaGu/EFMQHAgiQdCD3WT9TLX2/VLohfrY3Dprs/psaGu/EFf/T9xXqT/q5 k9Nsdf8AV65uJJJfg3ScWwnkgDWs+bNPFpXuKSP076yUZGS3BzaX9N6gZjGvI/SAd63j2vHw1HcB JcNf+rdSyjx9j+smLY3+jk0Mr/F1rgh/Wr9H+xcr/iP1TG18PVmn/o4uGv8A1bqWUePsf1kxbG/0 cmhlf4utcF3K3F3K/9T2rBz8HqGLXlYWRVl49k7LaHh7HQSDDgSDBBC9qwc/B6hi15WFkVZePZOy 2h4ex0Egw4EgwQQvasHPweoYteVhZFWXj2TstoeHsdBIMOBIMEEI6OjpJJJJJL//1fcV7ivcUkkk kkkkkl//1vbm30uufS2xpsYA5zARuaDMEjtMGF671P6y9H6deMa271ssgFuJjtNl7geDsbJA8zAH cr25t9Lrn0tsabGAOcwEbmgzBI7TBhTVQD61dWjdHQcU9htsynD4611/Lf8AEKaSvdL+r/Selvfd j07siwRZk3OL7rP6T3S4jymB2ASSWikv/9fof8Iipj/qHQ50zX1ClzY8dlg/IV6D/bQMfV+jzymj /aPXRf4QlD7/AKl4LWDc4dSqIH++rV86ZDvUqos0nbsdHi3j8IXjFtgZa4ea+eHYl52xWZaCHD4f lQ8gn1IP5rWj7gjYtoDh/MhvotZqa3BojWNPvhRJ3AHuBBXSdKydrm6x/MhgweNF/9Dw6dI8F3fT siq6lleriyXa6T5BeJta4u0HyCSP9oaZYxvpzMHXQrWo6K5tYsvB0IJrb+78f8/8jIAfYx092/7K 0K+mYDRurriRo6SY8xKSdzCCHsBg8R2KsMJLXNsAkc+BHiv/0fDV3z6S4b42D86e34LgmaCJmO/+ f+f8yS3NIhurmjQkc/7nZOK+YkTrASQzYRO46HmUSui2yfTrc7bztEx/n/n5JQLzW4EankK7h9Kt teTZ+ja2Jnn7u3z/ANz/0vDV3FjNxknY08hw4/D7li42Nj45JZUDYDAcNfnrx5/5wk5e3YfT+m0R uI1IHgjNqIJDgNpMwOAfPRJBa7aTpIPIRS0aaRHHkkpbS1x2je0jjyTgcaL/0/DV2dlG3Uzt7eKq GuBuOg/z8klWdM8QoiCfD+ZJEpeZiJB0ITtrfv27SSOQkiPDWjcDAntqQVexumWGwOf7WjWDz/n/ AJ/D/9Tw1de4lzXFmniPJaVeJVW6fTbI7gD/ACJKLHAAsfq0/gfHhGczXcNCFu/U7649Y+qPV2dQ 6dZzDbqXfQuZ4OH5DyFc6dmZfT8jczVv5zZ0IV3pnUsrp2SLqD5PaeHDwK+kavrb0b69fULrFvTL Yudg3NsocR6lFmwxI+PB4K7DCzqMyoWVOn95vdpXV9byqOt/U7rLMd0WPwr27fzmP2GPx4X/1fas HJbl4WNkt+jfUywfBwBXuK9qwcluXhY2S36N9TLB8HAFHSR0kklhfU79H0zKxv8AiL1DOrHk313u b/tXBJYX1O/R9Mysb/iL1DOrHk313ub/ALVwX//W9xXuK9xSVbqPTMDqeK7GzqGZFRIO14mCOCPA jsRqOyS4n64Ppo/1yGuoi6rBw+pFxd7XnHte7iNC30xJnWRoI14/624P1g6R9Xs11F/7UwMYMyYy nxkY/oPbbIsg+o32fnQ4c7ncLifrg+mj/XIa6iLqsHD6kXF3tece17uI0LfTEmdZGgjXqulnq5oc 7qYx2WudLa8YuLa2wNC50bjM67W/Bdb0s9XNDndTGOy1zpbXjFxbW2BoXOjcZnXa34Lqulnq5oc7 qYx2WudLa8YuLa2wNC50bjM67W/Bf//X9V+p1XUKelXszcK3Btdn51za7nVuJZdkPtaZre8cPAOv IPaCfVfqdV1CnpV7M3CtwbXZ+dc2u51biWXZD7Wma3vHDwDryD2gn1X6nVdQp6VezNwrcG12fnXN rudW4ll2Q+1pmt7xw8A68g9oJ3FuLcSSSSSSX//Q9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//R9l6d0jpnTGWNwsav H9R26wsHue7xceXHzJXsPR/q/wBF6LU+vpuHViiw7rHMHvsMnVzjq469yV7L07pHTOmMsbhY1eP6 jt1hYPc93i48uPmSri0FcSSSSSSX/9Ltv7duN9o/tc9VEx6Zqs/vXgr0v+2K3d9V7z+7ZWfvdH86 7v8AtxV7/qNlOifTupd97gP518tsO6pzCe4I/IV4P1EllpK+d7RDpiCAoPMuJ8SmxrIIP5OyVZgA HsAkOFu4N8AHXTxQrMHFuuazYGewmW6dx/sr/9Pw1a3Ss5zS3WCNR5LzfAw8ehjg1nvja8u5I/yJ LpZbdW21g1d9IeDv9lWagWA1mTt+ifL/AD/z8EpPaSBvEED5kaqTW7ZDRpz5D/P/AD8kmFgBiNrf LlLZ46nz/wA/8/yf/9Tw1d3JqdJGnfwI+5cPXU+x7WMaSTwB/n/n+RIdpLYcz6J4PcH/ACrWw+j1 sfuuJc5pnb2+PmPuSTPrLgLCNoP0tOPPhaFf6Nuwahv0fLySTeoOANoE690xpO7eYLu47R/n/n4f /9Xw1dmCWuMiQeR4qhAIHaOPJJS9N4IfWCR2IHH4JwCY0SScwbt23aO4/wAwielA3EFrR4+P3JJj ZJO4e3iPBQkTqNPyL//W8NXY2H0ztOrXeH5QidLxmvbaXtDgC0tJGndJV31uk66eK0PsuNB/QM0/ gj/Ikh7jMdkzMWus7mtE9xHHwSRayQYiexHiikAj4H7l/9fw1dd6e07g7aB94+4LZE99ElI7Pc+t uo144Uy2Q4tHHPkkh7iZDtR4+CiI1kf7CvdF631TofUK87p17se9gIkcOaeWuHBB7gouNkZOJaLa XFjh37FWcS3KxrS+o7dDM/RLTyD8V//Q6r+1X/bS6B9YOn4nSHtZ03qGNU2qvHLiW2tYIHpucSTo NQTPx5XrnSevY+cBXZFV/wC72d8P8i9W+rXVenWYWPgUNFBxq2VMrJJ9rQAIJ1Og76r0daq20kkl hdA/RdZ+s2P2+213tH8GzHq/481ySwugfous/WbH7fba72j+DZj1f8ea5f/R9xXuK9xSSSXLfWXD +09brx4kdR6P1DFPm6ai0fcXKl1rD+39G6jhxP2nGtqj+k0j+dct9ZcP7T1uvHiR1Ho/UMU+bpqL R9xctn6vZn2/oHSsyZ+04lFs/wBJgP8AOofV7M+39A6VmTP2nEotn+kwH+dbP1ezPt/QOlZkz9px KLZ/pMB/nX//0vcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0/cV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1PcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1fQf 7bxA/tcdfJE/oW/i9oXp/wDbBAP1Sz/J1H/Q1i9J/tmN3fUvP8rMY/8AI9a+TQSF4D1kQT5LwPqW Hj7HFtYaRxt0TKnjXf591VbhYzw0gFvwP+VP2W3h36N0Uf2bZ9rd6R3ba5105J0/DyX/1vDVDByN pB1XAWVWUv8AcwsfxqOQkuq6T1MN2iIadDHKkGzqTP8An/n/AJ8JaVhDDIMg6tI7/grWLgX5B/Rg Bo5ceAkoucXDcxvkRHBWjX0fHbYRc5x7iNAR/n5/7H//1/DV3HtgMsMmdPAfNY1NDaZOPWWN0mZM /AFJM241ujbtA8OR5o/pg6kl3xSUXmxj5J3SOeZCm0AAQIj8ElAgduFIMcYgL//Q8NXZBwBg/wC4 qUAGElMWvaTu9wiC08QngsMEJIdzC0hzBuYfL8CtXpVNYqe6TLiCPID/ADKSGWETy0dwVcNVbiHu Y1z2xBI4X//R8NXXNsj2/Rb+Ra5YefzklGzcPa7jmVMRHH+wkqxEFOWET4cykiNd2TQJOkL/0vDV 1jS5rtBPl4rb2uDoiSkplm125pgDnvCm1ha7cDG3k8wkov8ASaC/SBz4DnyU3MqIc9jdxHLRwElU s6hjNO0u3GeRwPmlW31AWWjaDq137pX/0/D67LKrG2VuLHsIc1zTBBHBBWpZl57bXg7W7YMnhvmC ulZi2V2S0ljma7p48NV7f/a2/t7x6fS/rXZPDas+PlFv/Nvv8V0/1b+vjHv+ydTdBBhl8aH+l/l+ 9dR0f6zNc70Mx2vDbY5+K9wrsrtrZZW4PY8BzXNMhwPBB8F2rXNc0OaQQRII7rowQQCDIKxMb9D9 deot7ZPTsWwf0q7LQ78HNTrDxv0P116i3tk9OxbB/SrstDvwc1f/1PcV7ivcUkklhfWH9F1X6tZP 7ue+px/g2UWj/eg1JYX1h/RdV+rWT+7nvqcf4NlFo/3oNS+pPt+rWJR/xEffix4eja+v/jqwvqT7 fq1iUf8AER9+LHh6Nr6/+OpfUn2/VrEo/wCIj78WPD0bX1/8dX//1fcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1vcV 7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1/cV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0PUf7YOOMn6k9epMw7Ds4+C9X+ujZ+qvVf4NBd/e 6/zL1X67MDvqp1WRuDad8H+CQf5l8eL5762TtcYXh/WulVsotcxx9rSSDqkset+1xHHxWR9kvrtd XtnbqIPYpLXxLfa3+ZTpa6vJs3NghrRr81//0fDVlYtsDTTRc44Me7HY5ocDZJBGn0XJLVw8xzCB KJVh4uNkB3pja6NpP5h+fj4pLqenZTH1enaedW+IP3K1INu+sf0ndiP5/wDP5JXC4sdAbtjnxKn6 YcJJk9vJf//S8NXZOAHHCogGBKSk1vqCO44J7+XCdrD2EJKQNYaGEE6nUjhPDQYI45nskhWnaYIA 8AFaxMO6950DKxyY5/yr/9Pw1dX6hnQSiHo4BM27Y4lv+ykiNuaAAR8/BFr6U1rRvJeAZAIhJIW2 MdB1HcDQH8FdFVe0bWxt0Hl5JKLmQZZq06DT8FMTHEFf/9Tw1da6vvBaO4I4W56cidRHM9kk+9v0 QNNYJ5CYFoPEeZ7JIFrHAmU5c9hIIkeB4SQwdpUvREB2obE6jUL/1fDV1LCIg6Lea9hBYQWt4nuP j4pKQLmO05TFllVkQZ7eYSQM70nN9lorcxwcQNS3nsPirFdG2wvn04EkHUtSVAsw7HEsBe+Po/Ra T5f5P8wYMx3OO0b3R9HgE6/5/wCen//W8NVu60vG2xsAQAGiNsf5911L7y+WWMAaNAG6FsJKu/F9 OXPnZyIGv+wnfjGsFz52R2Gv+wu9/tef22+t/VCxmLdOd0smHY7j7q9dTWex8jofLlb/ANXPrjl9 Mc2i4G3F4DO7Pgf8/wDJp9I+sV2E/wBO0b6PDu34L3bpf1l6N1/r/Quq9KyG30ZOHmY7+zmPmp4a 4cggNcvR8HPxM/HbfjWCxjvDkfFad2TTZ9bOiZVLtzMjDzKCR+9uqe37g1y//9f3Fe4r3FJJJYX1 y9nSacnvi52FdPg0ZDA7/akpLC+uXs6TTk98XOwrp8GjIYHf7UlL6r/o7evYvH2fql2n+msZd/0c WF9V/wBHb17F4+z9Uu0/01jLv+jiX1X/AEdvXsXj7P1S7T/TWMu/6OL/0PcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl// 0fcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0vcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0/W/rYGn6rdb3cDByD91ZXrn1sAP1W635YWQ furK9c+tjd/1W62P+KORHx9Mr4zHIXzp1e6p9TiNNO4XjvXKHfZL9NPTd8tEyxbBtcHLEymlljbI iND8CkruLbAH8ylhfx1xIndtEfAL/9Tw1c3jXkBZb8Omy7G2DYXPMlv9E9klo0XgkQVLIw8iqslz ZbLQXN41ISW507KLVFpIG3w4KS6LHyBbWAeRxKKzXhf/1fDV1z7q2AyZQcXEsucWtEj96NAR/nx/ mEoOvGhnRO/By98CvggDb2/2PNJT9Q2Alo1HKuU9MaC12Q3XuGnT56JJi5gEPdu10jsr7a2s+gzY 0dhoPuX/1vDV1L2kHgRytjaO8n49kkwHgE8HXRJEa5ogHUfkSjnsknL7G6dvDsU5Edl//9fw1dbs P0meP3crba1w9w0gpJOrM9ge4CKaQ/UENd3bz+ASQ7bqqmEvMNB0JHf4QnqdWDs2kkTDj+afgkqG TntrdArLu8k8jxHP+f4J1VzbC4u93IPiF//Q8NW2Mq4hvt9MkEkHVxHkNF0wwmlwLpbInaOT8B/n /kSH9vL5rfuradN/5wP+fMIjHsb+jDfTaAQHckJKq5luPaBw4cEcEeXkhuZZTZEQRwR3SRTTWfc7 2uiTW2J+X+RGGNW6S6WuiTW0a/5+S//R8NV45THGI2GI38n8i6wZDCdG+mY+nyfyJIAqvZYXN+bj wQosryGWFzR2kuPBCSX6LcSwDdoYP0Z8v9n/AHJEUl5NYbvjg/Rny/2VqfVz6y9X+rfVKeo9Mu9K 6p0w4S12hEEHyJHjqYIVvpXWOp9NyvVx3u3cOYeHDwIUsPMysbLrsa31H1u3Na4TBgjTTQwSNOxK /9Luv7Xv9tXof1yobQSMLqjR+kxHn6UDVzD+cPLkdxGp9a6J9ZMLqrRXIpyQJdUT+Q9/yr2Pp3V8 bN9gIZcBLqydQu3Wuryx/rlQ/I+qfW62fxn2K91f9NrCW/iAksf65UPyPqn1utn8Z9ivdX/Tawlv 4gKt0K9j/rH1vZ9DKx8HNb5+o17P+jQWF0v9F9bPrBR/jasPK/vmvr/6NKt0K9j/AKx9b2fQysfB zW+fqNez/o0F/9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJUeqdb6V 0ljHZ2S2k2GK2amyw+DGCXOPkASkv//W9n6rX6nS82v9+ixv3tK9Lzsv6xdWwckY+E3puE6p+5+b rfa2DIbU0+yfFzpH7i9n6rX6vS86v9+ixv3tK+KrWBmQ9g0DXkD5FfPea5tmPubBga+S8Z6hN3Sy +ZLqZPxIUDysq0EARosnKq3VD2zomT42S5pGgICqYzdpdOh/2F//1/DVxWLltI10+PZZtW77Rjx2 3n8ElpU28LRe+W1D/RGfgQf5klrYdxEQYHmjZWJiuZZYa/c1pMt0OiS3sHIdpr9yngY+M2mt7WSS AZdqQV//0PDVqZWSQ7laDIqOwABpnbHbySSpyiTHipF25wDYlvc9vJJGGYRpPHgnYWgTEHvPKSmc oP8AIhTDo+H5F//R8NXSV5DYg6/zLZBGshJRsvj5JzI/mSU2WBwT7dwJAiOUlMWNEA66pwWtMEE6 6+S//9Lw1dUXOkHw4W7Y17SHcjsRwkpAbvc32lSbUXw5oLDPf+ZJUc1uPfkBj7Qx7TEAHXSe4AB+ assrreYc4B55I7/eBqkqj7q6SKvScAwyC8+5p8tIRPVZWdhrIDTIJOrfhov/0/DVbfTbvDmE2Tw5 vM+fgV1L6LNwdWfUDuHN5n+YpI5NDy0WuHqTq5ug+Zj8QP8AYm4UuIFjhv7lvHzMc+cf7CUjZ6ZF L2enAO13JExx5KRsDD6T2enAO1/JE9x5JKrbW+t0Hkagj8oVd9dldkEe7kEflC//1PDUa17d43gb +/hPn5/5/DrXmsuHqBptA100nz8/8/glEZL9217QRp7Y0HwUHXXNcWWNBb+5GnySRPQb9LUNGsRq FJ2K0bnSQwCSCPcP8/FJMLR9EggQBIOvz8UhktILC0saRG4H3D4+PwX/1fEKbrqLmXU2OqsrcHMe wkOaRwQRwVZodbTY2yt+xw1DwYj4Lq2V3U2Cyt4bGoeD/n9y90/tbf292Xel0v61WNrfAbVn8Nd5 WeB/hceMcrteifXd7vSx8wB5AINpMF2mnlM6awNZkRr0/SPrJVaW4+U/3gQLCIDl7Q9tOVjubIfV cwiWmQ5rh2+S6np3U8DqVHr4dzbmBxa6JBY4ctcDq1w7ggELctqrvpfW/VljS0+YIXG/U+17cr6u +p9PI6D6Vh8X4r62n8bCsyz9D9d8fsMvplo+JotZ/wBJiuM+p9r25X1d9T6eR0H0rD4vxX1tP42F f//W9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//X9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//Q9xXuK9xSWb1T6xdK6Zayi602ZVgmvFoa bLn+YY2THiToO5CSSpR9aur8x0HFd2G2zLcPxrr/ANv8kkld6X9Xuk9MsfdRTvybBFmTc4vus+L3 SY8pgdgEl//R9ve0PY5p4cCF7fYwPrcw8OBB+a9ve0PY5p4cCF8S5n8tyI/xrvyr5Gv+ivD3Mcek 1af2AA/3oQTyVUdc8NAIkLPsH6Bmn5oTIbLWh08d1mlwZYSv/9Lw1ebUWgt0M/BY+PZOTV3hrv5k lexr3sJ2mFqlwc6gHvYPlAKS2sHOBgPEeHgrWS39Xsj90pLax+oV0zHu10A/yqeKHB9lfAa6R8Dr /lX/0/DUPJ6jXYIgtK0LWkNceQBKSbH6hVX9IyfAcpUhxaIbHPySUn9SplxG4R2ITvY4OJ8UlOrq dB2kuiRxBUqw6eOF/9Tw1F/atNYMS7UgCFqhpnbxCSk3qtL2l0lseIRGNf4SkiO6tXUAANx5AHCl DyQSYjukjVdTpuMAkO8CEQs3tGgDvLgr/9Xw1aZ61UyQ1peQdewXR17ahEbgeZ4SSu6u8Br62gtP c9vIjx/z+DPoM+puJB4PcJJFwygHWhtVpOnbePge/mrHp+o33Qx/Yn87/ZSSdZQ3bTaHOLDG5wgt H84Ui6kRXYC7b+cRBA/yL//W8NV2421kQGhp1G0e0/5fmuqtfdXwGhh42j2n/L80lD0dxaY9OTwe fkpfZvUghvpT+af5p5/z+SUxlsaBX6csaSYfzP8AMoutY07BX7Wk/S5n8iSMa3PrL6mEsHBaNWn/ AD8EZpLme1nt1hzQZZ8v8i//1/DUSyrkRqumdU9rtsaniO6SCT6bgB947f5/5+RBa2uGRuABkg6j 4f5/7CRK5Blp08fBIUva/fU8bezyYj4pIn6M66bvwUy3GcTG02Rxw0lf/9Dw1EDn7o/DsuoL7xY5 rhuPBaR/MrvSujdV6zltxOm4luZe7XZS0uIHifAeZVvDwcjMtFWPU+1/7rRMfNWqOmnIs21Me90a sb+afjwvon+099V/7Yv1fodT1zIrZ030z6OG92+2p8jgjRreZEn4Dldd0r6odY3NyLsp3T7669lN tLgbAAZDXiNr2SSdpmJO2CZXWdGxepYzNmQ5orA9rJ3EfNaDsj9m39GfgY1ubZR1XqWCKpY102+p bEkgBo2AzzHYnRC6r1L6yYPXPq+czpf2zIFt+NXdhva2q/1Ki7UPdNZHpgkEuEDQuOi5V2R+zb+j PwMa3Nso6r1LBFUsa6bfUtiSQA0bAZ5jsTov/9H0z6zU35OD0Z/U8L18VmVv6li0sdkMNZotDRsD N1oFprP0NCA6AGyPTPrNTfk4PRn9TwvXxWZW/qWLSx2Qw1mi0NGwM3WgWms/Q0IDoAbI9M+s1N+T g9Gf1PC9fFZlb+pYtLHZDDWaLQ0bAzdaBaaz9DQgOgBsitew/wCsnA6T1yzqNeUcPDZmWYlFmRYb IlwcW12teHGtwsBDgQYdo8TWvYf9ZOB0nrlnUa8o4eGzMsxKLMiw2RLg4trta8ONbhYCHAgw7R4m tew/6ycDpPXLOo15Rw8NmZZiUWZFhsiXBxbXa14ca3CwEOBBh2jxPQdCZlV9D6YzKxqsLIbi0i3H oAFdLwwbmNAJAa06CCdByug6EzKr6H0xmVjVYWQ3FpFuPQAK6Xhg3MaASA1p0EE6DldB0JmVX0Pp jMrGqwshuLSLcegAV0vDBuY0AkBrToIJ0HKvK8ry/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9P2vLxxlY1tBssq FjdpfU4tePgRqD5r2nqGGM7CuxTddji1u02Y7yyxv9Fw4Pmva8vHGVjW0GyyoWN2l9Ti14+BGoPm odO6bhdNxW42JX6VYJMSSSTySSSST4kyq/RugdH6HjmjpuKzGY4lzyJL7HHu5xlzj5kkqHTum4XT cVuNiV+lWCTEkkk8kkkkk+JMqytBWUkkl//U9xXuK9xXxd9ZKRR9Yep1xGzJtEf1ivj7rTrcfq3U KR9FmRaIP9IrxTJY5lV1fZjnsjwgkfzLOcIcR5ql67CCHCIWZ/wnZpw0fkSPZQd5cLMyGclf/9Xw 1eR1WOYDBgyFzuM8i1viAR+RJXsbNIHuHEahatV36Snd2JM/IpLXwslj3DaZjstG6wOocB4QktWq yHN7I7vZk1n99pafiNR/Ov/W8NWHkPMAq9a79G4eSSFTYQ4J2O22Ob46pKd9paQRyFKxySjXcd/k NBPgnrdB1X//1/DViusgkcDxWq52s+CSdt5hrew5jxUmO144SU/W9sd28fBE3JIjLy1umhdr8Aps fp4L/9Dw1UH3yd45PPkV0BdMfikj4+V6fu5kjT4IlVmz3dzGiSk68h5926dQSk/6R7g8FJXKbxew +qY2gBrjz8PNGqDbWn1TG2AHd58F/9Hw1HGYKpa1mgOodqurbkeiS1tYgGSHGdUkK0mwl7SXa6zy FGys2k2MJfPM8hJS9dgIFkOcO/h8fFEL6tBeQ9w/OA4Hn4/56pKRy7hY126CPoxwB5Idzr2vDieP olvEeS//0vDVovqbkNaTFVvZvYj4fzLshvcxrHANcRow6SPLSQks+6ra7WJGhjsgHHrL/a6R3Hca duElDe4EdoUHW2B+g2bRAb4Kz07pvUOqZdeHgY1uXkWTsqpaXOManQeHdWsXFvyrW1UVussdwxgJ P5EenCOTYGsYS8/SrZz+TT5r/9PF+pH9oTqfWGV5vWspuFhkvb6WO4OuLmktOsFohw85jtyuy6T9 QM25zX9QeMeuPoVkF/3xAXpHSOiNzaRebgKZdWPTMmWOLXCY8RHy0Xuv1c+q3QvqzgDC6TiMxq9N 7hq+wju53JP+YXa9O6Zg9NoFOJU2tvcjl3xPddHjYmPi1iulgY0eHdaytIy4bP8A1bqPU3cfZ+v9 OyW+Tb2U0n8S4rC+tv6PF6Zlf8Rup4ZnwFloqP4WFcNn/q3Uepu4+z9f6dkt8m3sppP4lxX/1PcV 7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1fcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1vcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1/cV7ivcV8d/X2oVfXX6 wMGm3OvH3PK+P/rpYKPrj9YKSNK8/IaI8rCvG+pgV53Uqzw3KvaI/wBMcsJ4h7viVkEtcXQeDqsd rd2Oz+iPyJj2+CZ0g6aaDhZ+QznSI8F//9Dw1eMttIOq5cSyyT+CSs02tI/yrQx7AXMjtKSvYjyL ARpE/kWi5/6L5j8qS0GZd52AvMAQPIq1e9xpa7uwg/d/sL//0fDVwLLnsILSRoZj4Ijn6fMflSUh nXOkTB26EBEssILXTEaH5pJ2ZV3qN3WOI7yZ0Sc8pJN6hfskEMIPYdvmkLSI7L//0vDVxDOoZLng OIcDzI4HyVz1naJJx1O0AOa1uuhnsVJtpEaf7CSIzqljnAOYPlIhTFpkaJIv7VLC0+nIIBBn/YUh dHZf/9Pw1cszqzHOhzC0nw1A/ItdtwOkQkiDq9TXQ5r9O4A4UzcAdRwkjV9Wx3+2XNM6AhEZa0iE kdnV8T6Jftj+CdPwUn3N0bMBq//U8NWazqeNcYa8Fw+X8y6MWNsZ/CaNfNJJ3VMamJsAOsxr+RSN zatGxP5x/mSSdnYwG71GgSBIPBKZ5YZc2AD28CkiNz6aztNrWkGYJGiI270htJ51I/d8/iv/1fDV X+111kb3tbPG4xK6R/tcSTrzKSuC5l7Q4mTHI7o4Dbmh1mjuAQdXD7ufNehfUz+0t9bevZtLuoYt vSenhx9W3IG2wgEAtaw+7cexIDdDr2O30f6k9X6hk1m+l2HjCd77NHaEaBp1k+JEfkWxgdAzcl9Z urOPU385x9/y/wBxfQH1P+on1d+qGH6PTMcC1zQLcmzW234nw8hA8l6D0boPTej0eni1+4iH2O1c /wCJ/mXS4XT8XBr2UMA8Xdyv/9b1T6o/o8TqWL/xG6nmt+AstNo/CwL3FeqfVH9HidSxf+I3U81v wFlptH4WBbqS3Ukklw/1va6nJ+s7miS7o2PlsA7vxbLXH56tWH9d2u/1pdXsaJdj0OyGgeNX6Qfi 1cP9b2upyfrO5oku6Nj5bAO78Wy1x+erV//X9wa5rmhzTIIkFe4Nc1zQ5pkESCvcGua5oc0yCJBT p06SSSSSS//Q9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//R9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//S9xXuK9xXyV/bSxXV/X7r5And lPcY89V8i/20KfS/tgfWFvE5djv74z/OvIevtDOu9UYdP1iw/eZ/nXKWCHu0jVcw+Q8/FYTGfoW6 cBM4fkUzYRA5EBVLWnXSV//T8OheKBwcBHmuasaC5MnBMRCLV7SkrWLfY1/MiHGD8Cr7LHbB8W/l SV5nUGbAdpnyWl6rTWAR8l//1PDV5eM73EFo2xuBCDXYdrWkfRIH3JKbc3HEHdHlB/yKy57HM5ST /bawSILdokz5/wC6oC4EBJJuRSRIe2PNS3NgHRf/1fDV5s3Jq93u+jo6dIRBYD31CSm14jyImVOe 6SkHc/CFIO1SUg/2lvhqFMmO0L//1vDV58H7Z07QrzXJJw6WieW/kUy5JTY/budGsQPKVNjklM2b oeeeHJ3Ff//X8NXD12bSX928fFbFbokwkneRO4CGu48k7z3Gg/IknpuLC4k6RqPFSrfE+CSZxO8y ZJ1nxSfM68lf/9Dw1cdTYHANePaDI8lvVkObtcJA/Berf2kv7Wn7dzm9f6nWf2fh2g0VuGmRa0z8 2NPPYnTiQvRP7WP1Rd1TJ/bGdXGNjviis8Pc3+Yfifmuj+rHRjlXfbshsV1mK2nuR/MF9Grvf2R1 fog3dEt+1YoMnp+W8w0d/StMlvk10t7DaF2CSvdK+sGB1Oyyhu/Hy6gDbiZA23Vg9y3u3wc0lp7F Jf/R9U6J+i+sH1mo/fvx8oDyfQxn5aivcV6p0T9F9YPrNR+/fj5QHk+hjPy1FbqS3Ukklzf1gxRd 9YenVn6Ob0/qGE6e5d6Th+DHKv1DFbmYGViu4vqfWf6zSP51zf1gxRd9YenVn6Ob0/qGE6e5d6Th +DHL/9L1z6qZRzPqx0XJd9K3Coe6eziwT+K9c+qmUcz6sdFyXfStwqHuns4sE/ivXPqplHM+rHRc l30rcKh7p7OLBP4rVWqtVJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r 3FfLv9t+o1f2xOtCIBdU7++qaf518o/25avS/tk9cbES+p399U0/zryX63V7frN1Jvi9p+9jSuJt Y1xMjXyXFu+kVgMlrdPxQH1uHGqd3I+AVa1o1nRf/9bw86eXxXh0mAufvZDhA0lNClvcAAkAdvHA SgotVoDuOxRq7NACIiPypketzS2QZHktOozXK//X8Ogrx/1W7SJEgR8NVUBAeUybhHB9oSU93sPj whzqElBE7Bf/0PDV5C5/t8ydfkhNPZJRmEU8aJIjrDtEaS7cUmnjtqkkMi4EHe7TXUohcYGplf/R 8NXlDsq1sbXETqZ1ifiEVthEapKTc+4RuAPiYRDY7wSRH59jHABoI5MgjupNtM8JKQ6lqP0cDSdf 9hENoniF/9Lw1eaHqLWv2vYdByPH8Fott1gjhJTb1Khzg2HAHxjRT9VvhCSkc6hvtcdp7gg6J22N SUhnY7vaHcTGh/yKXqNK/9PyT6p/VzM+s31gwekY2jsh8PfGlbBq5x+A/wAi5T6tdKt6/wBaxemY 5G61/vI12NHJPwC6LpmG/PzKsavl59x/dHcr7E6dgY3Tun4uDjN20YtTKawezWAAfgF9LYeLTh4l GLQNtVFba2Dwa0QF6ZTUymmupghlbQ1o8gFYRlNJUOq9E6b1ZlYyqpfUd1NzCW20u8WPGrT8Oe6S /9T1Su7Ep+vGRQC8ZGX0yqwiBsLKbXiQZndNuunEL0Y9b6v0HqQ6fntt6vjegb25NDB69dbXBp31 t+nBIksAOv0OSvVK7sSn68ZFALxkZfTKrCIGwspteJBmd0266cQt1dHgdQweo4zMnDvZkUv4fWZH mPIjuOQt1JWElhfWX9Fm/VzK/wAT1JrXHytptrj73BJYX1l/RZv1cyv8T1JrXHytptrj73Bf/9X1 T6l+zoLcfj7LlZeNHgK77Gj8AF6p9S/Z0FuPx9lysvGjwFd9jR+AC9U+pfs6C3H4+y5WXjR4Cu+x o/ABbq3VupJJJJJL/9b3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9f3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9D3FeydT610vpVbX52S yneYrZqX2HwYwS5x8gCV7ivmz+3VUGf2weoH/GVUO/5DA/mXzF/bnv8AtX1+zcr0Lcb16qHene3a 8AMDQSJMTEgHWOYOi8q+vjNv1nyXfvNrP+1A/mXn9tQ1jTyXDnlc7xoRwgOBB1EJO5+QQLWjVf/R 8TsZInuvDj2WHe0DkIZY4cgpHUpMASjySBgFNth3HxS8dEyu0Olq/9Lw8heHt+iQe6zjMpEc6JCy wCNxCM17tv4JEcqYscAGlx11mVGXSOQkWpxk2iQYJ8wiB7oX/9Pw8heLfaHB+3Qefmqwc5NtKf7U Z27IM+KILJEbUtpUhlVkgEEfkTte2fBIghSGRWdJg+EcIm9pA7HzX//U8Ogrx1t1bho4anRO0t5k JlIEc8hFmQkpyXaHtqnGhSSZzPgpcwv/1fDV5HJcJPI/IrTTCSTdDPh+VTk+HCScku1jUcp5MpJ6 9Du/d1+fZSC//9ba/tBfUkdK6I/r+XXGX1Ju2ncNWUA/8fIn4ALpv7SX1R/ZnRn9bya9uV1EfowR qyoH/jx1+EL0z6l9J+zYZzbWxbkD2z+az/Z5+5err0tdKqXU+tdL6VW1+dksp3mK2al9h8GMEucf IAlJUup9a6X0qtr87JZTvMVs1L7D4MYJc4+QBKzftv1m6tphYw6PjH/hRmt3XOH8GkGG/F7pHdiS zftv1m6tphYw6PjH/hRmt3XOH8GkGG/F7pHdi//X9c6X9XMHp+U7NNl2ZnPYa3ZWU/dYWkgloGjW tJAMNAE9l7aceh2QzINbTcxjmNsIG4NcQSAfAlon4BeudL+rmD0/Kdmmy7MznsNbsrKfusLSQS0D RrWkgGGgCey1VlZ/1apsyn5/TrndLz3fSupALLv9Nr+i/wCOjh2cFqpINX1kuwLGY/1hobgPc7az KYScW0kwPefoOP7r48AXJLC+uns6C7I/4i5OJkz4Cq+tx/AFb6wvrp7OguyP+IuTiZM+AqvrcfwB X//Q9U+rX6LO+seL/iupF7fhbTVZP985y9U+rX6LO+seL/iupF7fhbTVZP8AfOcvVPq1+izvrHi/ 4rqRe34W01WT/fOct1bq3Ukkkkkl/9H3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJZvVPrF0nplrKL7 TZlWCa8Whpfc8eTGyY8zoO5CS5360/X76tfVgbc/ILsgt3Nx6RusPy4HzIXFfW/+2S3pALOo5Q6I HN3NxaA27Pe3tI1rqn+EXLN6t9YOmdJaftNnviRWzV3+x81//9Ol9aP7dX1i6o11HS2/sqkkguYd 1rh/Sj2/LXzXGdZ/tt9RsdaOg437KdbLbcx7zbmXN87XatHJhsATAXV9W+vvUMwOqwx9iZ+9y4j4 9vl9683yXW3XPuusdbY4y57yS5x8SSuEvvvyLn3X2OtseZc95Jc4+ZK5W5trrHPucS86kuMkqrYh oRb5IRAOkaJIFjSDpoV//9TxdzfkvDvBY2TJsa1sTydew/2YU2cdkyixunCTmgu1EgeKSZzIOmiQ xq3aGR8EkfHcWyPJf//V8a+xtcDBLddJXhx8FmgmdQEOzEc0mCIhJTY6JBEJnYlw4Ad8CkTJUmlq g6mxpILDPwSB4PgpAiF//9bxAjnSF4aqwbKY/BSB794hSgpEc6KKcNSI50UpMT5QVICBwv/X8PI5 0XhqhCUc6KbjLZ7mJUgEiOdEwe9ogOI+BUhMaSEo5RHXWgAgkHupgu+Hiv/Q8PjnReJjKuB5B8oC MHOCW3lEdlPbGgPipbyDwm2lOM7wr/H/AGFL1PJdR/a5+ptv1t+tOL08g/ZWfpstwn21NOonsXaA fHyXWf2uvqzZ9bPrNi4G1wxqv0uU4fm1tOonxOgHxWr9X+lu6r1KuggitvvtPg0H+fhf/9H1zO67 0Xo3o4bn/ptgFOHjNL7XNGg21tBMDidAO5C9vqqrprZVW0MYxoa1rRAAHAC9e6j9YOj9JfXjW2bs hzf0WJjtL7ngaaMbJjz4HchVf+Cnq3h0LFd/Rsy3D8a6/wDb/JSVP/gp6t4dCxXf0bMtw/Guv/b/ ACV3pf1d6T0y199FO/KsEWZVzi+5/wAXukx5cDsAkrvS/q70nplr76Kd+VYIsyrnF9z/AIvdJjy4 HYBaSS0l/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJQtqquqfVaxtlbwWua8SHA9iCksv6041WV9WusUWvNbLMO9rntElgLD qB3I5C5+3pGd0CqzI6JcDiVNLn9OySTUGgSfScAXVny9zewaOVl/WnGqyvq11ii15rZZh3tc9oks BYdQO5HIX//T77A6+K/rFkPxcW/qH7WwOn5lX2Znth3qNc5znFoaAA06mT2BIK7bon1tbkfWLPfj dMz7H5+Lg3in0tuwn1GucXuIZtDQwghxngSQQO+wOviv6xZD8XFv6h+1sDp+ZV9mZ7Yd6jXOc5xa GgANOpk9gSCn+sefnU/WiipmRbU/+5n2GlryBf6mU9uXDAYt20hpdId6Y942kyrP1jz86n60UVMy Lan/ANzPsNLXkC/1Mp7cuGAxbtpDS6Q70x7xtJlP9Y8/Op+tFFTMi2p/9zPsNLXkC/1Mp7cuGAxb tpDS6Q70x7xtJldkuyXZJJJL/9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJDvvoxqLb77G01VNL7LLCA1jQJJJOgAHJQ776 Mai2++xtNVTS+yywgNY0CSSToAByUO++jGotvvsbTVU0vsssIDWNAkkk6AAclf/V9q+34P2H7d9o q+yel632jePT9OJ3bpjbGs8Rqvavt+D9h+3faKvsnpet9o3j0/Tid26Y2xrPEar2r7fg/Yft32ir 7J6XrfaN49P04ndumNsazxGqqdQbR1PDxPR6o7GoyXNcy3FewHIa5pIDXkHQjWW6wNCs/q+PV1nA xG0dYtwcfJc1zbcKxgdkMc0kNY8gkTzLNYBg91U6g2jqeHiej1R2NRkua5luK9gOQ1zSQGvIOhGs t1gaFZX1h6/i4FmN0qjPZRtH649jw/IxqQBDyCSQD3e6YHugiSMPrJ6f9XaWYnSnVdPxy8ftXLpi zJx63D22P3EugkQbH7to1iASK2d1np+LkU9KpzWMtYwG5osD7qawBDiCSdf3jPjrqRPrPSPqhhfV yyvPxGZGHIdtIL7b7HERDp3OscYAMyfGFY690X6kdP8AqrbV1LCZlYMh20gvuyLXERtdO51jzABm T4wrOdi9Hp6a5uRS2ynmI3Oe48QeS4r/1tTpn9rPH6Fk1dW6j0QdSxnsaXYdLnWWYZ1iWnS7SN8c GS1sAI3Sf7U+N9XcqnrXVOgDq2JYxpfg0PdZbgnWCWHS/SN8RDiS1hAC9AxPqrj9OtGZkYAya3AE 0sJc6g/Dh/n58CIWx9a+if2v/rTgUV4dHr5r6gcU9LY0WtbEN38NawbY/SREEAgrd+t/Qf7W31v6 djMwaBkZ76QcQ9IY0WtbG1vqDRrWDbEWbYggEGVe6vgfV7q2PWyusWXOaPS+ytG8DgbuwGke6I4E FeIfWz6odU+q/Vv2f1DaXurZdW6sghzHSPwIIPw0kQV4P9cfqf1b6odXHTeohhe+ll9bq3AhzHSP kQQQZ7jSRBPmvX/qzmYHVTj51u7HDW2Mqr0D2kGdx5OsiNBp3CxbKBy0RCwlQzsa+zbbhubVYwQ6 tw/RvA0HHBHiPxgR/9fx5tMjWfl2XhqyiywNL7GhrnAe0GQ3ymFNuPpoUlBmkSIhI41kSANfBJSI aCREJCt8j2kHtokna0Duv//Q8iHAXhqzg0qLhuIHhr8ElKOdFISkna1QczeddI4PmkpbY+K//9Hy ADc3a4A+IK8NVQNhQFNbg6WATxpwkpGQo/Zqi3Vu1w5hJSBcPNR+xtLQZIPmnPKlu140X//S8WOK 6ORPgV4dootd5R3TOxbgdGg/ApTqnDm/BQdVYCRt18kvyKYiFFzS0kEQR2KUmZUgO4X/0/DyOdF4 cNDPgijT5JEc6JNMFOBCXyTjQz37KQHkvof+1r/a5+sXRfq8205Iw354ZdkU0e2+xsS1htIOyAeA Jkn3jQD6d/tS/UrL+qv1TqyPSa7qPUNt+TXZoQyPawHsQNde5IK63A+q/wBZ6cFr8fKbjV2bXXUU +2+5sTHqkH047ACefeJAb//U9a6Di9Ew22UYOMMS4+65lg/TOPi9xkv/AKRJ+K9nxOoUZLjXDqrm iX02CHt+XceYkL1b6uN+r+OLcbAxvsOT9K+m4ReT+89xJL/6UuHmtdWltpJJJJJL/9X3Fe4r3FJJ JY+d9Z+nY2S/Dxm2dRzW842GN7m/0zIaz4vISWPnfWfp2Nkvw8ZtnUc1vONhje5v9MyGs+LyFhdT 6n1DItOJ1LL+yusb/qV0ebcp7T/jLI9gI7gNA195WV1P6x9KwbjiOc7Ly3DTExW+paQfFo+iD4ug eawup9T6hkWnE6ll/ZXWN/1K6PNuU9p/xlkewEdwGga+8r//1vTfq50bNx8ynKsxa+m42NgtwcbE bYbLG1tILd7uJAEAAu51cV6f0DpOfXn1Zt2LX03Howm4WPiNs9R4ra4EF7uJEQAC7n6RXpv1c6Nm 4+ZTlWYtfTcbGwW4ONiNsNlja2kFu93EgCAAXc6uK6RdEukSSSSSSX//1/cV7ivcUkkkkkllfWfB ys3pQZjM9W2nKw8kVggGwUZFdpa0mBucGENkgSRJA1GV9Z8HKzelBmMz1bacrDyRWCAbBRkV2lrS YG5wYQ2SBJEkDUZX1nwcrN6UGYzPVtpysPJFYIBsFGRXaWtJgbnBhDZIEkSQNR//0PVeg1dQ6Z0p zLsK19ttufm+nW6uWm3IfayokvA9QiyNCWS0++IJ9V6DV1DpnSnMuwrX2225+b6dbq5abch9rKiS 8D1CLI0JZLT74gn1XoNXUOmdKcy7Ctfbbbn5vp1urlptyH2sqJLwPUIsjQlktPviCc3p/wBV8rqX 1G6D0fqbX9POLjUVZVJbU95dU0N9rve1skSHD3QfzXcZvT/qvldS+o3Qej9Ta/p5xcairKpLanvL qmhvtd72tkiQ4e6D+a7jN6f9V8rqX1G6D0fqbX9POLjUVZVJbU95dU0N9rve1skSHD3QfzXcLp/1 eyfqhVZX0fEZ1Dp1ji63HhrclviQ/QW/B8O/hHhTxOh531VpfV0vHb1Ppr3F1uO4Nbktnkh+gtnw fDv4R4T9O+r2V9T6rGdHxWZ/TrHF1tENblN8SH6C34Ph38I8KhiWdGx8/Gz67rMjpOA54+zvkO6T c8c2VkBwaBIG7+LBMDbq3DxR0Tp/UsTqTLrcnofTnPDcZ5IPRrrABNlZAcGASBu/iwTA2mWlwM7p NlrMqi11uJiOLXUvlr8Cx377CA4COJ+jOmmo/9H2HrfVmdN6ZZlMb61joZj1t1NtjtGtHjJ5jtJ7 L136wdbr6T0izMY317X7a8Wpuputfoxo11k6mO0nsvaM/NbiYjrQN7nQ2po5e48Af58LMxeg9T6Z i05WLkOyOoBpOXXa8mrKLnFzgJ+gQ5x2EDQaOBHGVh/Vvq/ScPHzMTKdk9Ta0uza7rCactznF7gJ +gQ5x9MgaDRwI4q1dPy8WlltNhsyACbmud7LSSSR5ak7T8iuR+tH1Zx/7ZfW2Nos/Zn7Jx2tyLLc cm422OJ9JwlujA2Zkj3aTMrjPrb9Vsf+2t15rMa39k/sbGazJtuxybzba4n0nDc3SsNmQSPfpMys Pq3S6vrZnbanfZPsdQba99UvLnE+wiR9GJ5jXTlcH1n+0x9dOl4/r7MXLqYx77XUXACprRJJ9QM7 TxPHbReddd/tF/Xzo+McnZiZtLGWWXPx7wBS1gkl3qBnaeJ4MxpPN531D+sGFX6sU3sa1znureAG AeO7b+C//9LzbqPQOs9Law9QwMjEbYSGOurc1ryOdpIg/JeO9U+r/XekBjupdOycJthIrdfU5rXk c7SRB+SbqPTM/EDXZONbQHEhpsYQD8DGqpMbp4LPWYGeSntiYGn5ElLZI8ITtEuH8FJMGQOF/9Py 5zdZLQR3BXhqzmtPwKiKa3SXMA10hJOZCg/GaBLSZSU2k9wo/ZHQNrgUlKddQQv/1PJHUWgxHOgh eGqs0tifBR2uAmCBxwkpQJhRI1B8ElICFIJJbfJf/9XyBzSXAwPavDVACBCkNQklt5US0l24dtAE lKNIUpESkltM8L//1vHjW1x3loJ8D4f5V4apCRpx/lSdRjkFxZoknBeDC7n+059Q6/rD9Zm5eVUT hdNLbrQfousn2M411EnyHmvRP7Sv1H/1y/WZuZlV7sDphbbZPFln5jfPUSR4CO66P6mdG/aXUvVt bOPjQ4z+c7sP519Mr6fXpa//1/asrCxstrRaySwyx4MOYfEEagr2rKwsbLa0WsksMseDDmHxBGoK 9m6h0vC6ixjciuXVndXY0lr63eLXDUH4Kr6vUMD+ODsygf2Rg/SsH8Jo+l8W6+Sq+r1DA/jg7MoH 9kYP0rB/CaPpfFuvkqJyOsdJn7S13UsQf2apv6esfwmD6fxaAf4PdXaMijIqFlL22MPdp/z1V2jI oyKhZS9tjD3af89Vp4mZi5tDb8a1t1buHMM6+HkR3HZEREZf/9D1W/61Ytlr8bpFFnWMhh2uGNHp Vn+HafYPgCXfwV7ivVb/AK1Ytlr8bpFFnWMhh2uGNHpVn+HafYPgCXfwVhZedlZ+TZi5mZZ1C9ph 3S+hkius+F2QYPyJZIP0CsbL+tOAzIsw8FlnVMxhh1GGA70z/DeSGM+DiD4ArCy87Kz8mzFzMyzq F7TDul9DJFdZ8LsgwfkSyQfoFaWF9WupW4rce+2vo2EOMDpHs0/h3QHE+OwMPmUA9K+sHVhPVM37 BQ7/AISdOcQ4jwffAd/eBnxK0sL6tdStxW499tfRsIcYHSPZp/DugOJ8dgYfMrc6b0npvS6PQwMa vGrJ3EViNx8SeST3J1Wr03pPTel0ehgY1eNWTuIrEbj4k8knuTqtzpvSem9Lo9DAxq8asncRWI3H xJ5JPcnVf//R9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//S9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//T9xXuK9xSSSSSSWV1f6udP6o8 Xnfi5jGlteXjkNtYD24Ic3+C4FvksrrH1c6f1RwudvxsxjS2vLxyG2tB7HQhzf4LgW+Sy+rfV3A6 m9uRL8XMraW15eOQ21gPaYIc3+C4Fvkv/9TrPs/UPqp1LAf1qs5XRMR1rqcrHBNeI94aGufXq5rQ NwkFzW7tNogDpRgdQ+qPVum2daYcvoGE659GRRrXhWPDQ1z64LmtA3gQXNbu02iA3ufV6j9WszFP W6/tHS6C815uODsx3OgA2V6uYBrqC5on80QB23UOtYOF0e7qnqNux2V+ox1bgRZP0Q08e4kAfFd5 1LreFg9Fu6qHtyKGV76zU4EWk6NDSNCXEgDzK63J6phUdMf1AWssobXva9jgWvB4g8a9lxVeTm78 TN+rwu6x1avcM51bow7mue57qza4hoLHOOws3FvDhBKw8f6sdUwvsHVqsp7uq1tP2+ud1eWx73WO qALgGlrnH0nSAODoSuUHVr3vpu6BVb1jqDJGS+t0YjwXFzmG13t9pJ27NxHcQStHB6nk/WTGwsG+ 6u12Ta6/Nqqrcz7NVUWg0vDiTuL4BmJG6BCjf1vA+to6b07Bc41XvN3UK7BtsprocN1VjT9FzrIa R+6HRI1Wj0/Mzer4+Pj5d1Vtl9jrciulhaKK2QPScHEku3aEmJEwIX//1fYutdHx+r4JxrXOrc1w spur0fTY36L2nxH+xwvYOvdExutdPdi3OdU9rhZRfXpZRa3Vr2nsQfv4OhXtHUMCrOxjU8ljgQ6u xv0q3jhw8wvPvq99Ufqp9YOp9Tq6t07DbbiiuqmnEa6ltjay9rrm7NocHvkaTG0BeZ/Vj6mfU76z 9W6tR1rpmC27DFVNFGEx9DbWVF7X5DdmwObY+RpIbtAPnyfSeg9C6tm5tedh44soDK666GmsPawu DrBt2yHOkd4gBB+s39pb6p4nTM/NxcvLxXtl9TCW2MBLtGBsBxn6LZdMkSSq/wBbP7Qv1Mwuk9R6 hiZubiWMl9VZLbKwS4RW1sBxmdrZfMkEk9x9Z/tc9Cow8rJpvvoc33MaYc0EnRoEAmeB7vvXI539 pz6x42ezDqvx7H2Y/rU7yWes9ol9bTBG4dpIka6AHbxXUv7RX1pxOoswqcnGtfbi+vT6hLPXsa2X 1MMFu8dpIke7QB23Byv7XnVqcluOy2l7n0+pXuJb6jgPcxuhG4eZEjXsY//W4/qX1A+uPTL8fHye l2m7Ia91ddBba4tZt3GKy4gDcOV5n1b+1r9euk5GNj5XR73XZLbH1V45bc5zWbdxisuIA3DnxR8r 6qfWDCtqruwnl9oc5jKoeSGxJhpPiFh20XY91lN1bqrKnFj2PBDmuBgggjQjwXO30X419tF9bqba nFlldgIcxwMEEHUEHkLNspsqsdXY0sewlrmuEFpHIIQyJI04Q0wbA4Tgbfh+RJPHkv/X8waDJPyH kvDVViBwlG0k9jyknhMGNIlzQSdUk+vbRQspYDuDNOISUgXf5/5/5/k//9Dyz7JWByQfyLw1C3Ge IQrMbZEH46cJKTXT2iEjjWgCAD8OySfc34KDqbGyC0+JhJTEQPiv/9HyMggwRBXhqkAp4uJkZeVV jY9brrbntZXWwSXOJgAfNGxMTJzcqnFxq3XX3vbXWxvLnOMAD4lEopsutZVWze95DWtHJJ7L6r+o /wBVcf6q/VzF6bXDrQPUyLB/ZLXfSPy4HkAvrz6hfVLG+qX1ZxOl1hptA9TJsb/ZLXfSPwHA8gF6 30LpNXSem04rILgN1jh+c48/5Pgt9dCtBf/S9xXuK9xUbLK6q3WWODGMBLnOMAAdyUlGyyuqt1lj gxjAS5zjAAHclctk9XZn2ut+rVDsm787NB9PDP8ASeQRYPNgcfMKlkdOq9R2TTYcW7l1jIhw/hDg /HkdiFyGbnVdRyH5X1WpfZlfn57Dsw3AfvuIItHmxriOzguev63T1DKGL1S53XLbbDVVTjPFPSi7 911h+m4cFpLzPDPDn7/7YWEMpuHi0DMvssNVV1dgbiOd4G90Dd4taHOngFYD+vDqOWcTrDz1m2y3 0qasWwVdJc7X2usOr3DgscX68N8P/9PveuY9PR/q/k9T+s2Y5nTsNgP7P6W0106kNazSHPJJA1LW a6tAXoH1jB6f0TM6z9bOoWOwsZoc/C6cHMrJJAa0md9hJIGpazXVoC73rmPT0f6v5PU/rNmOZ07D YD+z+ltNdOpDWs0hzySQNS1murQF12HhYeDjV42JRXjUViGV1NDWtHkBourw8LDwcavGxKK8aisQ yupoa1o8gNF12HhYeDjV42JRXjUViGV1NDWtHkBojIyMkkkv/9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r 3FJJJJJJJJJf/9b3Fe4r3FJJJJJJcb9gzv8AXz6/2e31ft/qfadh2/s/7Ds9P1Ijb9p93pTO79Jt j3LjfsGd/r59f7Pb6v2/1PtOw7f2f9h2en6kRt+0+70pnd+k2x7lxv2DO/18+v8AZ7fV+3+p9p2H b+z/ALDs9P1Ijb9p93pTO79Jtj3L/9fvr7sLL+uvS3Y3Ts5ljx6mTm2YtwY+p2O/bQXPaA2sGHub IAs2jYXl7md9fdg5n116Wcbp2c17wbMnNsxbgx9T8d+2gue0BtYMPc2QBZtGwvL3M7+6/Cyvrt0p 2L07OZY/9Jk51mLcGPrdjv20F72gNrB2vc2QBZt9heXuZzHV/wC1vf0vNqyrMup3RxkOv+wOqccK iyTtNle8y0gwXfmmJbt0HK9U+oGd9X8+vLObUehOyHWuwXVOOHjWEnb6jN5/RmYL/wA0wSNggYPV f7W92LmNyn5dTunfaDeOnmp32Gt8mDZXv1BnV3Y6lu3Qd3h/WjCxQzD6rSOi3sZ7GPI9CxrRP6Kw ABwAExAcBy0Lvsf62YePGP1isdHyGsJAtcDTYGiSarIAcABMaOA5aF2WD9ZcPHNeD1SgdGyGtiut 5Ho2Bo/sVgADgAPowHActCpYOF1Wg2/WPHY425z/AFcjBgDfRADI8LWtE68klp/NIx+n4HWsY3fW vFrebuo2evldNgD1MeAK9o7XNaA7XkuLDw0hsXHz6t/WamONmU71LsXjdVADY/hgCfOSD2j/0PWO q9WF3SaD0y0Ou6k4U4z2/ml07nR/AaHOI8RBXqXWeuNyOi4x6RcH39WcMfDsb+aXA7nkcj02hziD wRB1Xr+d1AWYFX2J+6zMIqocPzSZl39UAk/CE2d9W8d2FgNwCMbK6YB9itMw2AAWuiCWPAhw788g FLqH1TxnYHTW9NLcTM6QB9guIJDYABY+ILmPAh478jUApZPRqjjYrcUim/CA+zPPaBBa6OWuGjh8 +QFTxc9/1h6pj49uO/GHSyLsyiztkSRW0HTc0QXhw59h8hQwupv+tHWMXGuxn4g6ORfn49mu3Kkt qaDpuaIdYHDn2HSYFfHy3dXzqqX1Op+wkWZFbu10kME9wILge/tK2Ot0dPu6bd9utbjU1xZ67nBv oubw8OOgIPBXRdW6XjdUwn418t1D67GGH1WN1a9p7OadR/kV/qrcE4Nrs21uPTX7zc9waKiOHbjo CD3X/9HtfqT127q/1gzb7WHItNLGMyi011OxmyGuqa4Bz99m4kxtHG4w0H0P6pNybOt9Ryer5FNv U3U1V0tq0nEbMWBvI32bi4djDZgBehfVbr1nV+sZDxS68em0DLc011upHBrDhufvfJJjaP3jAB6j 6z/s09CzWdRx25eO9gYaHf2V5IDGj+EXQGnsYK1vrd+yv9bnUG9UxW52NYwMOM7+zPcQGMHg4vID TyDBBELoutfY/wBmZIy6hfU5u30j+e4mGgeZMR5riOif2v8A6rsNPQ/rF02h+a31LsbIqLqxlNdB cJaWy6s6bezYIEErz36v/wBrT6o1mj6u/WnpWO/qDPUvxcqlz6hmMfDniWObLqzpt7NgtEErm+m/ VbozfT6b1bDqdkt3WU2sJb64OrhIIkt4jsII5Kz+tf2lvq5Q7Ew8DMzPtmXZDDc6tzK62wXvcAxp IA0Go9xCzev/ANoP6q47sHB6bnZ/2/Ot21m91bmV1sg2Pc0MaSANANw9zmqt1D+150io0UYt+R9o vfDTYWlrWjVziA0TA05GpC//0qPVv7TvV8HrWL0+rPx3V5bT6GReHVse8RNegfDuSAdCBoZkDmet /wBovrXTuvYfTKupYz6s1rvs2VktfWx9gAms7Q+H8kA6EDQkyB0Gd9QM7G6hTisyaiy4H0rbQWtc 4fm6bod4eI4M6DGu/ta/XGvN6jiV4IyX9PaHXehYx3tdJaWidx3BshsbuNBIWFkf2qPr1Xn9Vwqu njLs6Y1r7/s9rHe1wcWlokOJcGkhsboiWgkKg/6odebkZdDMYXOxQDZ6T2nQyQQJkyBIETxpwsfO 6B13ptLbs/puVh1OdsD76XsaXETAJA10KwupfVr6x9Kobf1HpWZg1OcGNsyaHsaXEEwC4ATAOnkq GT0vqWJWLMnEvoYTtDra3NE+EkKhEmfBZqrgL//T8xAjjj8i8NQQEgNSSISTx5Ql9Htp+RJOBInw Sa2JPc8pJEfKF//U8whzdAJHbyXhqjA54XrH9pH6lttyH/WPLr9lJdXiBw+k/hz/AJcDznwXtX+D 79RRffZ9ac2uWUl1WCHDQv4c/wCXA858F2/9r7oRe93VL2+1pLaAfHuflwF7QveV3iBmZuHg478n MvrxqaxLrLXBrW/EnRJAzM3Dwcd+TmX141NYl1lrg1rfiTov/9X06/6z5mXS+zpWKK8Zol3UOpTT Q0eLWmHv+5rT2cvbb76Mel919jaamCXPsIDWjxJPC9Ov+s+Zl0vs6ViivGaJd1DqU00NHi1ph7/u a09nLFZS7rNrLK6bfrM8Hc3Jzv0PTqiDoa64PqRyCGv1H0wsM/WXK6idnQMF2a0/8LLyasYeYcQX Wf1GkHjcFispd1m1lldNv1meDubk536Hp1RB0NdcH1I5BDX6j6YW8z6rHN2v67lHqcQRjBuzEZ5e kCd39cu+Sk36ruznCzr2W7qhmfswGzFaf9LBO7/fhd8lvM+qxzdr+u5R6nEEYwbsxGeXpAnd/XLv kti/AwsjDdh3Y9duM5mw0vaCwt8NvELXvwMLIw3Yd2PXbjOZsNL2gsLfDbxC2L8DCyMN2Hdj124z mbDS9oLC3w28Qv/W9S+sH1M6X1n6uO6MTZQyuuxuLY2ywmh7q31g6PBcA15G0mCNDovUvrB9TOl9 Z+rjujE2UMrrsbi2NssJoe6t9YOjwXANeRtJgjQ6L1L6wfUzpfWfq47oxNlDK67G4tjbLCaHurfW Do8FwDXkbSYI0Oi26KWUUVUsLi2toY02Oc5xAEaucSSfEkknutuillFFVLC4traGNNjnOcQBGrnE knxJJJ7rbopZRRVSwuLa2hjTY5znEARq5xJJ8SSSe6IiIiSSS//X9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//Q9xXu K9xSSSSSSSSSX//R9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//S9xXuK9xTPY17XMeA5rgQQeCCovYyxjmPaHtcCHNc JBB7FM5rXNLXAEEQQeCFyPWuitox6OmZZZZ0C3IrNgsBJoaJIrJjSsvDQHT7R7eCCOI690P7Hj43 Sst7H/Vm7KqNnqSXYzRJFRMaVOeGgOJloJbwQW831jpVTcerp+YGW9GtuZ6gsEmkCSGf0C6IP5vH EEXvsXXuhS7pz3dWwRr9jyH/AKeoeFVrvpf0bD/XHC2PsXXuhS7pz3dWwRr9jyH/AKeoeFVrvpf0 bD/XHCJ9i690KXdOe7q2CNfseQ/9PUPCq130v6Nh/rjhf//T7PB67g3dQyOv9NxxZjUXOry6XF3r Usc1u+4VdiXD3aHc1siNd3TYnXcN3VMv6z9MxBbh0XurzKS53rUVvazfkNqGjSXD36Eua2RHu3eg YHXsDKysjq+BVvqosLMqh0i6kODd1np9jI93O4CR3nq+sfWLpXSOjWdVyb2fZ2176yHD9KSJaG+J d2Xf5XUqaulW9RoacyttJurbRqbREgN7a9jx46LoOrde6X0npVnUsrIYyhrNzCXD9ISNA3xJ7BcX h4n1uyacXqvScR9PUWssfkZHUHOYzIFhLjUykndtYT7C4sAjzK5nA+qvVMHGw+tl9l/Xq67bMuoW xXk+qS80S6QGscYrPAjzJXKY4+tObVRndJxHUZQa912T1Eua24PJcWMpJ3ENJ9u4sGnmVat6X0vr LMOt2Tf1XPzLHNsszOcNjP43bUIbW4TsBA3S4HcRqrHUevUdfwsTpvS7Xsu6m+yrI5bbi1Vx6+4c tcJDB4OeCNNVZPROm9S+y+vfd1XOve4OszP+ErWfxm2oANrcJ2ggbpI9x5X/1PW+tdCbmYuOcJzc TMwfdhXAaVGI2n+A4CHDw+AXqv1g+rbeoYWMenvbg5/Tvd0+8N0pMRtP8BwG1ze4+AXsXUeljIoq +zOGPkY2uNYB9Axx/RI0I8FR6fl29f6ljm+oY7emDffRvDiMolzADB4YASJ53NcOFndMzb/rN1fF dk0jFZ0hpsyMYva4jMJewAwT7WBrnNmJ3NcOFVxb7Oq5tJtYKm4Q3W1bgSLyXNA07NAJE8yCFp9e 6TjdV6c+m6w0OrItpyG/Sosbw8HxH5JC2PrL0TE6z0p9F9pxnVOF9GS2A7GtZq2xpPBH5JHdXuqY FOdiOrseaiwiyu0c1Pbw4fBYf1M6oerZuZlZ0M6gKqmV17SGnGjSyueW2Pkz8AeBPOf2v+tO631D PzepRX1MU0sqq2ua12IBpdVuiWWv3Okce1p4BOZ9Xc45+TkX5Xty9jGsZBANPZ7J5a90mfgDwv/V 9a+tg6b+wMx+exz662h7BUYs9UH2bD2fugN816r9dR0ofVnOs6kx76qmh9YpMW+sCPT9M9rN8Bvn 5L2Lrn2QdLyHZQcWNALdn098+3af3piPNc90b6w4f1YquxPrEfsebdY7KyL3O3MudYRBb3MaMgDT aJ5BOL9Ss2/pTsnpPWMayvq11j87LubL67jaRDmn91oAZoIbtE6EE4Ff1mwfqy009dBxbLnuuuyS dzHOeRER7j+7oIECeVp9Q6xR1npDMejEsJ6laKMduUws3sADnWxIc1rRJBO124DiQVr/AFsvpyem 1dMqrryruqvFNLXSWgD3OsJaQQGNG4EEHdtAIJBWj+2cfrPTGfZ8ezbmWenR9pYW+owAE2ATuDQJ idpkcCQVR6N9Xvq9jZA6N1fpWFfmVtJx8q3GrP2ypvBnb/GNGjxz+dwVgdB+rP1XxMpvQOu9G6fk Z9bCcXMuxaz9vpboHbi3+NaNHtJn84SCh9P6Z0qm4dPz8LHsyGj9Fc+lp+0MHeY+kB9Ic9+F/9bq Orf2rvqXk9Txek9PwXYzy035eRXbY51NQkNA3Oc3c93Eg+1rjzC2etf2n/qDl9YxOidM6c/EsLTk 5uTXda51FOoa0b3ObvsdxIPta88wvQ836nfV63NpwcXGNTtvqX2se8mtnAAkkS48SOAVzjv7TeF+ 13dKs6nbhXOL7MWyysPZlVCNGwWxYzXeJMiHCBK5Z/8AaI6eeuv6Nb1a7p97zZbh221CyvMpEaNg s22V672kmQQ4QJWU76hY3284Tsx+PY4ufS97A5tzPAaiHN/OGsiCNJVB39pbrmR1LOx+n52LfRiP Yz17t7Nzy0EtgB+rZ118O8gZp/tBfWLJ6r1LF6X1HDycfCeys5F++ve8tDnNAa1+rZ11PI7yBWP9 r/qNuXk1YuTTZXQ5rfUs3NlxEkQA7Ud9fxkDnc/+1/8AXHAvbRkdMsFr2GxjK3Ne54BAO0NJ3ESC QJIGpEarlupf2s/r10zIZj5XSLRdZWbK66nMsdY0EA7Axx3ESCQJIHuIjVZeT9WOu4tja7cN+9zS 5rWlri4AwY2zJE6gaxrwv//X4/6vfU3rXW+p9PxW4t1NOY47b7GEM2N+m4EiDHl3gLzD6r/UXr/X +r9Lw24l9FGe4luTZW4V+mz6bg4iDt8u8Dur/S+g9Qz8zFpFL62Xkxa5pDdo+kQY1j8q+gstvTvq zhVPpy6sGlgbW2i4gV2ECAGtAkOP8Ea/ulfVeN0X9l0VVdKc2mupgaMdwip0CNAB7T/REeS9A6qM f6vVDMoz68Jh2t+zZJ/RXEAABoAlrj/ABnu0lZ1/1x6hkVuLaWdApDdzsrrEtJH+h1aF39YtM/ml EyOvdNwqy7qN7MFzW7nC50D5OOjvks2z6752S0s9Bn1eaGB7sjrALSR/oVWhf/WLSDy3sqDtob+1 CwPFJB/bX1kdsqpJMA1U+2JJEaVzP0isnO+tOa/Ffk4dNXTsJkb+pdYPpUtkwC2skOdJIjcWAzoS qjtob+1CwPFJB/bX1kdsqpJMA1U+2JJEaVzP0iv/0PUsH6udOzBj9Qz8o9ee8NtptuLTQARIdXW3 2ARw6Cf4RXqWD9XOnZgx+oZ+UevPeG2023FpoAIkOrrb7AI4dBP8Ir1LB+rnTswY/UM/KPXnvDba bbi00AESHV1t9gEcOgn+EVvrfW+kkkkkkv/R9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//S9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//T 9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//U9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//V9xXuK9xSSSWN9bqL8jodldVbrm+viuvrYC42 Y7b2G5u0avBrDgWAEuHtAMwcb63UX5HQ7K6q3XN9fFdfWwFxsx23sNzdo1eDWHAsAJcPaAZg431u ovyOh2V1Vuub6+K6+tgLjZjtvYbm7Rq8GsOBYAS4e0AzB4Tqt+f0n6nv6Tn4T39Lz7MgY1l2NZd9 hx/tB9Fr6yJ+gWem0lrmn2kDZp551vI6p0f6oO6Nn4b39I6nbezFvtx7LT07H9c+k2ysgknYWek0 lrmu9pA2acbmPyen/VF/SeoYjndOz7cgYrrsSy8YeP8AaD6LX1AE6MNfpsMOadCG7DH/1uowsbGz Pqz0THx7GdP6jjA0szrxY26msOMOa0RtDxDvRLgxgOwiGwurwsCrL+rHRMfHczp/UMUGlmdeLG3V VhxAe1ojaLBDvRc4MYDsIhsLt8T6uZWX9WOjU47G4Gfih1TM64WNuqqDjD2sEFosADvQcQ1gOwj2 wsPpvRsH6vfWR2VnF3WOn9Purst6jSzeMd59QgOaCSxjSQ5wZLZAJDYhYHT8YfV/6xWjJyLOo9D6 bkUXZOViM/RU2xY5rXtafa1ji17gyWh0OIbwuf6f0Oj6s/WB+X1Jr+rYmFax1nU62Fxocd5DXNkl jWkgu9OWzBIbwvXqM3CyMRuXTfXbjubvbcxwLC3x3DSF69TnYV+G3MpyKrMZzPUFzHAsLfHdxHmv VKM3DycVmXRfXbjvbvbaxwLC3xBGkLj+nV9VF2T9bsSk215thLsJrQH2YjQAx7NJ9QxviYcCByAv P+lU9abkZf17wMc3V9QsJf05rALLcFoAZYzQH1jt9TbMPaQ3QgLm8JvUPUu+seNUXsynknFDRvfj gANc3+GY3RMEEDmF/9f1rO+sOKzobeo4L25ZyQ1mIG/2Wx5hojQ6H6XcAHwXqnUvrVhM+rlfVemv bnHMDa8BrNfWusMMbGh0P0hyAHTwvX8vrWM3pLc3Ec3I9eG4wH9ke7RojQ889wAfBU2fVrI6fiY2 TgPDup0Auue46ZhcZe15jufonlpjtINCr6oZXSsDDy+mWB3V8cOfkPedM8vO6xlhjuSdjjq0x2kG uzol2HjUXYjg7OqBNrnHTJLjLg4+Z+ie3wlR6l1OvrteL0rCc5jswk5g4fj0sMPa791zj7RPOvgo dW6zV9ZasLofT3vrfn7j1AfRsxcesxY137r3O9gBEH3EcSmzM9nVWUYGK5zXZMnJHDqa2mHg+Dif aPmo/W9vSsSjDurya8DqWL/qeGNLnP01rFbAXOY4CCGjTkcLQ+sP1Y+3U4eR0t7MDqXTdcG0N9jR EGp4HNbgIIHHI1CF9Z8jpWDVi2HJZiZtP8iYxpc+zTVgraC5zSBBAGnPZf/Q7SnL+sn1y6lj7KT0 DG6YQ+5mS1tlzshwIEMOg2CXNLuZa7bxHpePZT9Y+r43r76/2KW2ZGLE1/a3NIAJcAXemJc0w0Hc 14nSO8qzPrN9asyoVUfsHGwiHWfaQ2y91pBiGfRbtGrS6eQds8bln1M6Yxv2pllrup1H1KuoZDy+ 1rgD3OgYZhzAA0jtMFa3W+mnPw4ryH4mRQ71qL2Ej07ADBcOHN1Ic06EecEa7fqh0yk/amust6iz 3Mz8l2+1pjxOgae7WgNjss36rvPVcnM6ljvqxcuvbWMZrZrFb2tdu1AMWkbg4dgJkgrk/qXlHrmT ndVpfTiZ1OyoYrGk1tqe1rt4kNdtuI3NcNIA5IKzui4b8q/J6h022vBymwDjBs0Oa4B26IBHqESH NjjWSCFc+tGVgWdJtPUhZgZWJ+nx7GDcRa36PpnhxJ02mCQdQFf+umT02zoV9vVRZ0/KwR9pxbah uc25mrTUdA8k6FpiQYIA1VrqvVsN+I6vqtb+m5lP6Sg/SDrG8ek7QPP8HQxyAv/R9K+peRb/AHQo 6kz0OtPuN+bWY1DtKywgmWBoDRroQZ159A/te5dx/amN1ev7N9YX3nJ6hU6Pc12lRrIJBrDAGiDo QZ159X+rl1h+1VZrfS6kbPVyGGNQdGFpHLQ0AfEGdVZ+uVFOV0pmKATmXXMGCWGH13jUPB7bBLnf wQR3Vz6/Y1GZ0WvDDXHPvyKx051Zh9WSJLbAewrALnfwQR3RvrDWy7CbQATkWWNGMWmHMsGocP6I knylS+rFzKKrek3VNx8zEJdaxs7bg8k+q0mSQ8kzJJDpB4kz+p+RXjUXdEvoZidQwXF9zGElt4sc XeuwuJJa8kzJJDpaSYky6NY2ut+DYwVZFBJe0TFgcZ9Rs6kOMz4GQsz+2F1Xo7MbF6Vl3NrtyHi8 EM32VV1mS9rACS4/RGkaknQFC+vGKzquJj9IhrPUsbkW5T2gtw6qjudZJ0Dj9Fs8ySQWhyzfrj1j pGLVj4OXcGW3uFjWsbvsa1mpLWAEkngaeM6Ar//S63Dt6liYmFn5Wbi9Hqvw6KaH+mXXisNBFdNB mHcFxO8z7dpDQ53oHQfsHQsDG6p1jMx22241WLiMoY5rW0MA2tqrMvJd9JwAJ4bqGgnuH5vUcfHx cq/Mx+i0X49TKnurLsgt2z6dNOsO4JJ3mdNsNDjo9N6T1K6/7T0/DOC94h3U+rzbmPb/AAK59gPg S0D9xaX276zdV0wcYdJxj/wozm7rnD+DSDp8XuBHdhRum9J6ldf9p6fhnBe8Q7qfV5tzHt/gVz7A fAloH7i0z9SOi3sLs839Ryjxl5Fh9as+NZbtFRnX9GGpj9SOi3sLs839Ryjxl5Fh9as+NZbtFRnX 9GGrTP1I6Lewuzzf1HKPGXkWH1qz41lu0VGdf0YarJx+q9P6NlV+vldUtEtodS2luQ1pgDWwtrc5 upl0AjkE82Tj9V6f0bKr9fK6paJbQ6ltLchrTAGthbW5zdTLoBHIJ5snH6r0/o2VX6+V1S0S2h1L aW5DWmANbC2tzm6mXQCOQTz/AP/T9c+q2DlYHQsTGyWenazfIcQbCC9xDrSJDrXAg2uBINhcQSCv XPqtg5WB0LExslnp2s3yHEGwgvcQ60iQ61wINrgSDYXEEgr1z6rYOVgdCxMbJZ6drN8hxBsIL3EO tIkOtcCDa4Eg2FxBIK1VqrVSSSSSSX//1PcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1fcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1vcV 7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1/cV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0PcV7ivcUkkkkkkPIx6Mmiyi+tttVrS17HiQ4HkE IWVi42ZjW42TU26m5pZZW8S1zTyCFC+inIpfTcxtldjS1zXCQQexX//R6X6w9L6j9Ww9tLHZeJYQ 3FtOpqc4gBlh8BOjjyNDrz0PXsPrH1Tqsx6a35+LaW19PvdqanucGtrtd4Cfa48gQfdBPo+Zb1Po NT8ZtbsyqwtZhWuP0HOIaGWHynRx5Gh1gkWFg14mI2ifUP8AZHuGr3HknzKP0npNXTunMxCfXME3 WPGtz3fSc7zcf8i0+m9NrwcFmMT6xgm2x41tcfpOPmVznU8PI6bY/C6bnnApzDFzN59PY6Wlr2Ds eA4QRwTwuN670+3pF7ukdO6l+z8PqBHrsNjgxtT5aWPYPzXH2tfpAlrnRtXE9d6EOmZbsLpWc3pl WaQbmlx9PY6RtfWOzjoHjaRq0uiAuy6X/bBzMR9GD1TFrxbG+xkaV26aBjwANP3S0GO3dd/0v695 OI6jA6niV4djYrrjSq2BoK3gAfBpAPl3XVYP1n+z3VdP6tijpmRIZVrNF0D+xvgD+q4Nd5d1/9Lp cXrWFjfWO3qjcNzcCu4mxjHOcKr3NLbLmNEToYeIPcjUQdqjqWFg/WvK63Vgv/ZePkE3MY5zvRyH MLbr62CAQA4NeIJPuI1BB9ABqxOt5PU6ccvwMe4+q1pJ9O4tIstY0cgAw4Qe5Gog9Tn/ANsH6qYN LrHZoucGbxVQ1znubEyBHHmYHmvSB17o56fZ1D7UwYlbPUN7tGbYmQTyI8FrdU+uP1f6bXL8n17D X6racYGyxzIndA4bH5xgeawMXD+vGeLeumz9m05fvfh4pY/IsoMbYJbsbY1o8CXAwXCG7cLDxep4 ov8ArJUX51uYfUsw6YY12OY27QWgutY0SCdpcDtdEN24FGL9d+oCzqz3/sqnIO9+JjFj8l9JiNS3 Y14HgHE8bhAjYc7o3RuijO6HU3KzOpFlONc8l9mRa/je90uIbBcQToAeFb679aaqfq5Tn9IczMv6 i5lHTQPo23WaNnwDYLnTEBpmCtZlXRuj9L+2dHqbkZWeW1U3vcX25Fj+N73S4gQSQToAeF//0/TG /Vmzo+Jj5PSf0ufjMIu3mPt4JLnh5PDi4ktd+aTH0SQvQm/U67oODiZnQz63U8SsjI9Q7f2mCS54 sJJh7nEuY4/RcY+iSF6s3odnTcem7p59TLpafV3GPtcmXBx7OJJIPYnwlTy+qUdeqxun4L3bcsOO XMtfTS0w9rh+a9zvZB1+keyJm9axvrPRh9K6bY7bnhzs4kFtmPQw7bGOHLXud+jg6j3EfRUr+oVd WZj4eI4xkguyJkOqraYc0js4n2x8T2VnrfRrrBTn9K2UdRw27aTwy2vvU+PzT2/dMEd1a+sf1fyL fs/U+ibMbq3T2bcc8Muq70WR+Y6NP3XQRGsn6p021/pZeBtqzMYRX2bYzvW7+Ce3gdQszGyT9beo 0epRZRgdN92RTc0gvyyCNh01FYJJ7EkcwsjAz3fXnq+M5+Ndi9N6PD8qi9pa6zOLSPTOmopBJPYu c3kBZzTX9Z8hjMjHLcLE1vpub9LIIjbqNQwaz4keC//U9K659Xuog0ZvS7pysMl1HrH3Bvesu/OY 7uHGRyHaQvRfrJ9V+pOON1HpF4Gf08l2K64yQ0/Sqcfzq3dw4yOQ4EQvSeqdD6zh+nk9KtOU7Gk0 1Xu/SNHdgefpMP7rzPcOEQqPTvrb0vNzndQtJvzBWKsXp+J+lsYHBrnu0AjcdNxhu1o11Kn9VMo/ WLJd9Yb2taG1jHxKWu3tqBa11jg6ACXO9sjTa0eJCr4H1z6PmZByyX35gYK6en4zTZcyQC4kQIkm NxhsDnUqj9b+oZz215Ofm0/V/Ix67H4lGNN+a+RBDtujWHTcAHDg7wQE/wBdeq9A6ZWzNyMiqrqm HXbZhAh73y5sGWVkOdWdNwPtkAngFUfrN1PPdstz8yroNtbHvxsbE/T51gIgzt0a08OgOA0O8ELN +r3Q+r9WtzMQYzujV5Tt/Ub7ZsyyBG2kveCNeSTvkakN3Bq5fp5+tv1xvy+nZrbOlY9z/U6gXNJs qa2NmO0ObsEgyT7i4auDQ4NVXofQurZ9mVRVjHoleS7dm32TbmvAjbWXvka8yS+RqQ2QF//V9e6X 9XOk9MtdfTUbMp4izKvcbLnjwL3SY8hAHYBevdL+rnSemWuvpqNmU8RZlXuNlzx4F7pMeQgDsAvX ul/VzpPTLX301GzKsEWZV7jZc/yL3SY8hAHYBaa01ppJJJJJL//W9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//X9xXu K9xSSSSSSSSSX//Q9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//R9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//S9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//T 9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//U9sy8XGzMa3Gya2202tLXsdwQV7Vm4WJn4l2Jl1NvouaW2VvEhwK9sycb Hy8ezHyKxbVY0tc13BC8963g5H1cFpvbbkYbWl1N4BceYDHxw6SACdHfGV5/1huT9U6cj7cLsvBq YXY2U1pc5wmBXZA+nJAaTAd8ZWBkZ9v1ex7254tyMalm6jIa0uc8SAK3x+fJAB4d8ZXG4VOS7rdt WdLsrLyiMijcS37J9mLh7ONrbfaLI+l7d2sLj+l4GVZ1jIq6s0Pzuo5RGZj7iWnCOKXN9nG1lsMF gH0gRu1IXJ9Mxs6z6zXU9VJfnZ+aW5eMHEs/Z5wtzT6cxsZfDBaBO6W7tSFWysvqFXXaMC0fbOmZ uG+jA3mt1VpJrPqP1922dokdgR9IlU83M6r0/rOP0qx32/pefhuxOlOsNb6rS41kWWa+4MBgSNQN PpEqlndQ6vjfWjF6TfPUeidS6fZi9KNjqX0XlxpcLbPd7g0O2iRqAC36TiP/1RfsD6xUU+jjX2VY NbtMVl4FzxOsW7ZbPO2f6w4Bsb6v/WLAxxRi2PbgVOMYjbgLrBrJFuwbZOu2f6zeF0p+qn1vxsb7 Ph5V1PS6X6YNWSBkWtnUi81yyTrs3eW9vADiP6Nj3HCx2uxsJtlduVTYwh9LpMBxOpYSBJM9oMGR Tz+sY9/UW4WRk3t6XVbRblUXscHYhk7GEnQVFzQTyBpB2mWgwbvq7h5Lum4jH4XTmW035uPbUW24 75O0WE6mtzmglxkDSDtMt7Wq22p4fW91bxw5pgj5rvKrLK3B9bixw4LTBXowJBkaLEq6n1DG6s7r VJLsSiy1mvuLXOgWXAGRyIMawCe64+rPzcX6wP8ArNQ02dNxrr6jy9zXODW25DAdIlpa6BJALu5X Ji2yrq9nXaqt/TqLbanASSCYFl7RxEgtMdgXd1//1vQj9ejjYtuVk1VvpazeHVuI0jzmZ7L0a768 VYfT7s/KbW7Hrr9XfW6BtidOZnsvYsjq+NjYNmba5voMr9Te06FsTp4z2Wd0vruTiOPVrWWm7MsN mZiNa3a2s/Q2xBNjGgAkiXagnRsYXR+p9UwA76wXMtdkZ9huz+nsa0NZUfoBkAE21tgEkS/Vs6Mj JwB1TGrPVrGudbkk25OI0AbWH6IGgmxg0M6u1HZsdFmfW3pjunet0/IruuvLa8YPloc9/BMxo2CX eABXTdS+uPTf2QzI6XkVZORlltWE10hr7HzBMx7WgFzvAA91p5nWKRgV3Yb23WZJDMYdnudx8gAS fAArn8rJw+jZNNn1bL+r9SqAb1CjGG4ZTTqXWuHtZYCS5pJBMxBHFJv1Tt6EcTqnQrQ7IY0DqQsm OpVklznuDQf0wJLmOA7lp9pEc7l5+H0rJYOgizq3UqYbm4+MN3rDkm1w9rHgkkSQdYgjj//X3+uf WTqX1g+w9PqzXPGf77+n9EG+2vH/ADhba6C1zj7QIYAZkmIPbfWD6+YPUWdN6b0Dd1S3qXvyG41Y sdTjD6e5rtGucfYBZABJ3cQel6z9Yeo9bdiYIzXuOX7rendEBfayn84W3OgsJ+jxWAZlxV3K+o3W XYwyelVUfVx9DC1mN08g33MJBIfafaHxxodTBfGqH9Yfqz9b+qsb1PDfX0bIxavTqxMN8221SCWG wwxroB2Q2ATBdBJVnI+ofU7qWZOBVR9XH47SK6enEHIsaTJD7jpuPkDry+NVHo22mgk4FT8TGc21 19IcLOo5MxXXYLJf6jXauBc4AhuuhAy+l5FX2UWfs+uzBw3sudbS1zbep5khtNNgsl3qMfq8FzgH BskAEA3QqvslL2uwKjj0FthyaQ4WZ98wxlgfL/Ua76UucAQNeQNH+131WjNy+rU4/WP2wyhlBusN m+chz7vVe0jRtbtoaxo2j2FzWBr2uftf2tuqV5l/Vaa+s/tkUsodfZv3zkvfd6r2Ro2skBrGiB7C 4MDXtc+z/a+6tjZ2b1enF6uerVUMoNr3Wbychz7vVe0jRtbtoa1o2j2FzWBrmuf/AP/Q9xXuK9xS SSSSSSSSX//R9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//S9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//T9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//U9xXu K9xSSSSSSSSSX//V9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//W9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//X9xXuK9xQM7Bxc/Etxcqs W02iHNP+ehHIPYqt1Hp2H1PCuwsysW0XCHNP3gg8gg6gjUHUIGbhY2di2Y2SwWVWCHA/gQexB1BH B1XOV09OwLvsHWq62tYx78bMPsbcxokh5EAWNAk+I9w7gczj3YnSb/2X9YAxra2PsxOoO9jcitgl weRAFrAJPZwG4fnAY+N1I9KuOB1mwBrWOfjZr9G3MaJIceBY0CT4gbh3AodO+p3TvrEzI6pnV2U4 +U3bhY861U/vmQYe8jd4gQJWZ0v6m9O+tzMrrXVqHsxc1np9NxnH3UY/+M1GllhAfI1aNonlU8Do 1H1mbkdV6pSTj5TPTwaHyDTRzv8AJ9hAdPIAaJ0X/9DpsvCyeg1ZGP1K/wBR9QLsS0t/ljRw0RP6 WSBtjXkGJjor7cv6r0ZWH1u83WUtLsC/b/qgwcMET+nkgFsa/SEiY9E/bOR9Xse/F6091z6Wl2Hf Gua0cM0/sswCO/I7wJ/9r3Mfgudn4hsyXuNll1LgXtc7QhpBnaBAiIIGoT0/2uch/THnquL62Ze9 12RdU6XCx4ALWka7AAGgcEDUcp6/qVi5fTf7q1epnXudddfW6HsseIIY4a7QIbHBA1BXM51vWPqy B0nMsfZj2gNpydpF2OyWghzQNYDvaR3jSOOS6nd1j6o1M+r2TkPfi5QDMbLIIvxK9zA8OaBJgO/R kcGBEQBzXUc/rf1Prr6Fl5DsrByxsxs5oPr4lW5rXh7GjWA72Ob3gQBAHTYL8OzDpdhuY/HDQKzW ZbA8F23TDgfYMcYBYcVrGtq9Iy0NAgALuumWdOt6fju6c+uzEDA2o1GW7RoAD5L/0ZZQqo6ocbc4 dMptZZeI9lVjpLWn+DME9gYmBwHObTj/AFhGAHPHQsfIpuy2gfoqL37nMYf9DLtriI2tJEwCY67P OPi9ddhl7m9Ex76rssR+ix7nBzmtJ7MJ2uI+i0kTAJjTf12q57qum0u6g8GC6vSph/hWHT5Nk+S9 EGG5gDr3CgRw76R+A5++Ft2fWmjJsfT0bHf1a1pIc+khuOw6/StI26dw3c4eC5J15uy7sqwPzsdj 7N+NgF4qq4lzn+BIMiRI922JC4I/WnpvTuoZHUuj9M+14tVl/q2NL3upkNm1oj062ucDuH0iPeDE hcC/NdkZ+Rn3izqeLXZd6uH0o2NopkNmxz/Alp3CRLfdsgkLpKcC5mE23IvZhYdTN7Mbp3taG8ib AA4+W3atnJdnZWI/qXVuoelitZ6vp4LzDmxIm3Rzp7bds+a7CrpNw6WLc7Jq6d0yqve3C6OdleyJ 1tADnT/ADAfAr//S1OkW5/1ZqszcKttFeTDsqiqtssaCdp41LQTu8dStDpP7U+qVNnV8WltVeXDu oYtNbd1VYJLCNJc6sE7+d2pXfdNwbfq1jHqGPiMppvh2ZjUMANTJO0iBLnMB986nUrpcj689Qqw6 n1MpyH27WU6H9I48HQxxqdOJXWZ/15y8fptN2K2nKtytteKNYte4aGQeIBcT4Arezus+lg13Y2y+ zI2sxhOljnDTXwjU+QKL9Uel1Zea/qjm2FlRDA6x5cMnIaC19xHAIksEeY7BVfqT0HGy+rXdX/S2 VY5FfqW2FwzMxgc2y8jgFoJrEDxHACodC6VRZ1G7MDn2V0kM3vcSL8hsh9scSJLR8/ALs1366Rf/ 0/cV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1PcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1fcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1vcV7ivcUkkkkkkk kl//1/cV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0PcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0fcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0vcV7ivcUkkl V6n03D6phW4eXWLKrBBB5B7EeBHY9lS6x0fp/WenXYGdULqbWwQeWns5p7OHIPYqp1TpmF1XBuw8 ysWVWiCDyD2I8COQeyqdNzsmnIHTeounJAJpuiG5LB3Hg8fnN+Y04pdJ6ll4+UOj9Wfuyw0ux8iI bmVjuOwsb+e3+sNDpU6b1DJoyR0vqTgckAmi+IblMHceDx+c35jTj//T9RfV/rjzLHGyyvAwnuZU 6vT1r4ILwfCsn2n98T+aF6Q+j/XZn2uNllXS+nvfXQ6rQ5GRtINgJH0aifYR/ZAXfmheoGv/AFyZ trt9lfT8J7mUur09e+CC8Ejisn2Efngn80Kj1zrWdi9LuwMy00ZVd2N6mRVLBbhm+tt1jXDVm2su 3kEFn0gQIKq9X691DF6dd0vqNpoza7cYvyapY3IwjfW261rh9AtrLvUgg1/SBAgqj1vredi9Mu6f m2uoyq7cb1MiuWC7DN9bbrWuGrNtZdvIILPpAgQVkdDGFl/VrqvU+rdUrxHdVpyaen39T2l2Pgts LKXEWEb9XscXEnfuZJJMnG6DRgZ31b6z1frPU2Yp61j5FHTreqbd2N09ryykkWEF2r2Oc4k79zJJ JBOR0P7Fl/VnqvU+rdUZhu6rTk1dPv6nt3Y+C2wspcRYRv1exxcSd+5kkkyeeZ0y7pfRMa3BwL78 7JyLq8LJxnF1OcBa8NdeHuJLXgB7HNJPpuEPIaSufrxcvoXRcezEwMjJzsrJtr6flYpLqc/9K8NN 7XuJLXAB7HNJPpkQ8hpKxsYdS6F0ai/puLk3Z+Xk3V4eTjuL6c+LHta69tjiS17QHMcCXemRDyGk r//U08L+1712umzH6ji39Rzn2ueZtrb04gmdzo97jJg7muPg2ACOl+rn1c+s/QcW/EGJbk9SvsdY +/1KhiHcSS/fAsBJ59pOgAG0COh6X9U/rBTXbjdZwbus5llr7C111bOmuLjO90De8yYIexxiAGgA EU+rfU7qvTsvC6N1DqDLcXMAbSylzmV0CdWO5JBkNYXOiew7c1136s9b6Z1LB6D1Tqn2jD6kYpLH va3GBd7q38ucHSGVue6J7aaB6h0LqWDk4PQOrdS9TAzSG0V0OcyrFZu1rcNXPBkMrL3RP5umnWf6 3c7BprpZhFlQbtYykAhoHaGzC71nQcnBx6serDNdTG7WMqALWgdoEwvSMbApw8erGx6GU01t2srr ADWgdgAuUdXXg9QtxXtsHT8e5hcCIbRaQTtOk7QS13g0xOnHB+lj9M6vkYLxb+xMPKqe+QPSxcgh zvTdpOwEsd4MdE6Tt44fZcDqt2ITY7ouLk1vedPSxryCdh77ASx3gwkTpO3/1eqjyXbwvZv8/wDP /P8A2MLouBf1LqtdOBtqoyXXNocSf0NYjfY0QQASCGjTUjgFcV0PDyepdZqZ0gNoxM5+SzBc5xnH qG31b2NggAkEMGmpbwHFcVgetlZ7T0wMpxsx+QzBJcZprG31LmNggAkENGmpbwHGPXsPDx8LEpxc dgZVSwMY0dgF7P0/AxenYOPhYrBXRjsbXW0dgAu7xMWjExqsahuyupoY0eQRlYRV/9b3Fe4r3FJJ JJJJJJJf/9f3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9D3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9H3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9L3Fe4r 3FJJJJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r3FJJJJJJVOqdMxep 4b8bIBAOrHsMPrcOHNPYj/PRUes9Hw+sYFmHk7mh3uZZWdtlTxw9juzh4/I6Eqn1bpWL1XCfi5G4 A6sfWYfW4cOaezh4/wAy/9b1foOV9k9PoeUxtORiVNbTt0ZfS0ABzPhoHN7HyIK9Q+rWacL0vq5m 1sx8rCoa3H2CK8mhgDQ9k+Ggc3lp8iCfVPq9m/Y/S6BmMbRk4lLW0bBDMilgDQ5nw0Dm8tPkQVnf WHEq+tXUB0RoIxcM+pnZLQ3cxzmnbWwkEbiDL9NG6H6Sy/rVgUfXXqbfq8wEYeA71Oo5bA3dW9zD sprLg4bnAzZpAZofpLN+seJR9bupDoTARi4LvUz8pgbure5h2VVkgjcQZfpo3Q/SXQYeTaXHFymt ZkMbPsEMtaNNzPLxbMtOmoLXO6fp+XeXHDzGtryq2z+jBFdzBpvZJMDUbmkktJgkgtc7o8HKtLzi ZbWsya2z7BDLWjTeyZ04lsktOhJBa52PZhU/WfLzTkb/ANnUB+LU1pLfVskF9gI52kBreYc0nwWD ZgUfXHN6icovPSsYPw6Gsc5vrWgg2Wgg6hjgGs5hzXHwWM7Ep+tWXnHI3/s3HD8SlrSW+raCC+wE chpAa3mHNJ8F/9f1HB6zZ0oW9P65cBZjVOsqynaDKpYNXf02j6bfmNDp6T07r9vRW3dM+sd4bbiU vtpzXaNzKGDV3+mNH02/1hodPTsHrdnSBb07r1wbZjVOtpy3aNy6WDV3+mNH02/MaHQnTukMzsPM yOrYwdb1QD1abOa6h9Cv4tBkx+cSR2Rek9Cr6lgZ+V1vEDrustHrUWjWmgfxdXxaDJj88kjsj9N6 Q3Pw8zJ6tjA29UA9Wmwa1Uj6FfxaDJ/hEkdln5fV+rfV2j9mWNObbeW09KyHyfVe4gBlsDRzJku4 c0E6HRZed13rX1Uxh0e1p6hfkFtHRcqyT6z3ODWsvgaOZO4u4e0E6O0WbmdY6t9W6P2ZY05tt5bT 0rIfJ9V7iAGXaaOZMl3DmgnQ6Lc6Z0XFwelDp7v1ljg/13XCTe55Je5087iTI+XC6Po/1fwum9FH S3frbHtf9pfeA45L7CTY54MzvJMjjWOFvdM6Ni4HSm4Dv1lrg/13XCTe55Je5087iTI+XC//0Ow6 x0mnDup6A59VeLk2MFWQXEXVUuJ3VaA7nHbtrc7tIJ3Abuk690z9n2UfVV2RVXg5tjG05LnH7RTj uJ306AlznBpbU93YkE7gN3c9WZk4Lq/q27KazCzHsbXe559aqgk7quCS4gba3HtIJ3Abug+qPRqc Sm3PFHoOy49Go8044+gzyMakeJg8LpvqV0WrGot6mcf7M7Ma1uNQecbFb/Fs8iR7nDxMH6IW79Ws GKndQfT6DshjWY9P+Ixm/wAW2OxI9zh4mOwXQrp1tpJJL//R9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//S9xXuK9xS SSSSSSSSX//T9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//U9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//V9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//W9xXu K9xSSSSSSSSSX//X9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//Q9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//R9X+tP7P+xVev6n2n1R9i +zx63rdtk6cTM6bZ3aSvUPrp+y/2fR9p9X7X6zf2f9lj7R9o1j050mJ3T7ds7vbK9T+uH7N/Z9P2 j1ftXrN+wfZY+0ev29OdJid0+3bO7SVk/VD9t/sOn7F9i3S77T63q+r9on9J6k6793P4aQsP6if6 4v8AW5R+z/2du3P+2et63rfap/S+rOvqbuZ+XthYv1J/1wf636PsP7P3bnfa/W9b1vtM/pfVnXfu 5/D2wg/XD/XN9hq2fZvt+/8AU/se/wBefzts6Rt+lOkecIX17/13/s6nZ9k/ae8/YPsPqfad35+y dI2/S3e2PPahfXb/AF1/s+r0/sn7R3/qP2L1PtG78/bOkbZ3Tp84Wj0L9u/sbB+wfs37N6LfT2+p xHfznnzlan1b/wBcv7B6d+zP2T9k9BnpbPViI7x3nnzmdVp/V7/XD+w+n/s79mfZfRZ6W31OI7x3 nnzlf//S7j65/wCuH0um/bfs32b7S7d9mj1N3pWbdvqe3d+7/ChdX9fv9dPodJ/aH2T7J9rdv+xx 6u70bNu31vbu/d779q7L67/65fR6Z9u+y/ZftTt/2WPU3elZt2+r7d37v8Lat7H/ANeP2aj1PsHq +kz1N2+d+0buNOfBdLjf6/PsmN6v7N9b0a/V3ep/GbRu40jdMQuixv8AXt9lx/V/Z/q+lX6m71J3 7Ru405nhcl9bvtX7Xd+3vsfpfs932Wd+3f6nv9P871v4uI7cd1w316+2ftx/+uX7D6P7Lf8AY59T Z6nqjf6P53r/AMXtjtx3XHfXH7X+2H/64Psfpfs132Sd+3f6nv8AS/O9b+L2x247rpej/wCvb9lY f2n7H6vpN3et6nqcab403RG6NJmNF1/Qv+XD/Y2D9r/Z/r+izd6/qerxpvjTfEbo03TGkLqejf6+ v2Th/afsXrek3d63qepxpvjTfEbo0mY0X//T7W77X+0s39p+n9n/AGpR9r2Tv9Kf1by9PdtmO+6e 66bJ+3ftbqP7Z9H7J+2Mf7ds3ep6M/qnl6W7ZujXdvnuuyv+2ftPP/avpfZv2pR9r2bvU9Kf1Xy9 Pdt3R33T3XeL0td+kkkkkkv/1PcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1fcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1vcV7ivcUkkk kkkkkl//1/cV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//2Q1lbmRzdHJlYW0NZW5kb2JqDTU0IDAgb2JqDTQ3MDExDWVu ZG9iag02MSAwIG9iag08PA0vTGVuZ3RoIDYyIDAgUg0vRmlsdGVyIC9MWldEZWNvZGUgDT4+DXN0 cmVhbQ0KgBREANOMDGIyGAgGI4GIuGQgGQ5ho4GkQHEPORlEBoEBXEBugYwFw3h53gcPNUhEEJhJ SI8GGQ3h0KiQuGEVmI0Fw4iA2GQuGo2EEZEBTgcCBpCKgNGIzho3oQxGw5Fw5h4gKhEBovI1RkU3 mIgrBmBtfGAzitYMcrsRUkwoOZsMp3FNYNQNGQzkdChNYIkrmwwGs8tQgFBhNpwNl1Kl3ItLpVln cHGtshIxhQ1ho2nlSqlWtptrZGG8Kr40sNjBotho5GGYwooFmMx2QpcLy9TqtXrOjr021Gl1VmGo 5ttrFB0NJtMu0BuPpNLkUMGWVlkKhVQF1ShW60FY0Vc0ox0+pKlk1lV1/Hw2zu3P21MmMzz27tta rm/sHC8+SGDBP45AuBQ5wboam62L8wwuBS5zoIKBoaBunQcqizQXM4iAZumngbKqoSiI4jyQKY7D MDkM6BwlCkLBxDCKjagaoRcGSKhiwcXhANkZM4hyKtZAztofHcIwnD4QSAhqDx1FUjQqzMXBsisi I4BqyKRCAaBjG0LwyiKJoqGYZRdMSho1ESPoNEyhxTCKmocngaBwkSSBBGIGhuGEPKCEE5TpIcZT 0oELJFJ8iS0vUxszQqhUPN9FT8kdAAbKsroHLIar0oUJUSngZPnBEPTrEKOzS6MI0zDE+huGoXBo tLeq4yryOA8yyOJALAP+GTYLcwwyDKNgwjyEA7DmFy4rmoYwjojQwjcMk7DCPFijeNg6DCM6NDMN 45BAMwwjYNg0jdFIyjJbUHKXLCT1ZODLJ6n8+NQn8pJovVXhAMc7he5ahCIN4GoCDWVuZHN0cmVh bQ1lbmRvYmoNNjIgMCBvYmoNNjEyDWVuZG9iag01OSAwIG9iag08PA0vVHlwZSAvWE9iamVjdA0v U3VidHlwZSAvSW1hZ2UNL05hbWUgL2ltNg0vRmlsdGVyIC9EQ1REZWNvZGUgDS9XaWR0aCAzNDgN L0hlaWdodCAzNDANL0JpdHNQZXJDb21wb25lbnQgOA0vQ29sb3JTcGFjZSAvRGV2aWNlUkdCDS9M ZW5ndGggNjAgMCBSDT4+DXN0cmVhbQ0K/9j/7gAOQWRvYmUAZIAAAAAA/9sAQwAJBgYGBwYICAgJ DQkKCg0RDg0NDBIaGRQQFBgZHyAeHh4eISIoKCQjJCUgJysrKywuMzMzMi0zMzMzMzMzMzMz/8AA EQgBVAFcAwERAAIRAAMRAP/EANIAAAEFAQEBAQEBAAAAAAAAAAMAAQIEBQYHCAkKCxAAAQQBAwIE AgUGBggHAw1hAQACEQMEIRIxBUFRYRMicYEyBhSRobFCIyQVUmIzNMFygkMHJZIIU9HwY3M1FuGi 8bKDJkSTVGRFwqN0NhcY0lXiZfKzhMPTdePzRieUpIW0lcTU5PSltcXV5fVWZnaGlqa2xtbm9jdH V2d3h5ent8fX5/coOEhYaHiImKi4yNjo+AkZKTlJWWl5iZmpucnZ6fkKGio6SlpqeoqaqrrK2ur6 /90ABAAE/9oADAMBAAIAAwAAPwD3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9D3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9H3Fe4r3FJJ JJJJJJJf/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r 3FJJJJJJJJJf/9b3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9f3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9D3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9H3 Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf /9X3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9b3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9f3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9D3Fe4r3FJJJJJJ JJJf/9H3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9T3Fe4r3FJJ JJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9b3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9f3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9D3Fe4r 3FJJJJJJJJJf/9H3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9T3 Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9b3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9f3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf /9D3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9H3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJ JJJf/9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9b3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9f3Fe4r3FJJ JJJJJJJf/9D3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9H3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r 3FJJJJJJJJJf/9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9b3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9f3 Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9D3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9H3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf /9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9b3Fe4r3FJJJJJJ JJJf/9f3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9D3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9H3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9L3Fe4r3FJJ JJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9b3Fe4r 3FJJJJJJJJJf/9f3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9D3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9H3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9L3 Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf /9b3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9f3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9D3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9H3Fe4r3FJJJJJJ JJJf/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r3FJJ JJJJJJJf/9b3Fe4r3Fcp17rfVMXrzq6LvTpxP2VNW1pbd9ty30P3kgu9jWgs2lvunduGi5Tr3W+q YvXnV0XenTifsqatrS277blvofvJBd7GtBZtLfdO7cNFynXut9UxevOrou9OnE/ZU1bWlt323LfQ /eSC72NaCzaW+6d24aLS63k5uP1j6tinIdXVk5luPfSGsLbW/ZrrASS0uBa6sRtI5MzpGl1vJzcf rH1bFOQ6urJzLce+kNYW2t+zXWAklpcC11YjaRyZnSNLreTm4/WPq2Kch1dWTmW499Iawttb9mus BJLS4FrqxG0jkzOkbK2Vsr//1/cV7ivcUkkkkklyn7b6p/rr9H1v1b9qfsz7Ptbt2/YPtXqTG71N 3t+lt2/m7vcuU/bfVP8AXX6Prfq37U/Zn2fa3bt+wfavUmN3qbvb9Lbt/N3e5cp+2+qf66/R9b9W /an7M+z7W7dv2D7V6kxu9Td7fpbdv5u73L//0PUc3Pzcf61dOxmZ7bG5TnNfhFrA2qkU2OD930ja 6xkNG6CwOis+m949Rzc/Nx/rV07GZntsblOc1+EWsDaqRTY4P3fSNrrGQ0boLA6Kz6b3j1HNz83H +tXTsZme2xuU5zX4RawNqpFNjg/d9I2usZDRugsDorPpveOgXQLoEkkkkkl//9H3Fe4r3Fcp+2+q f66/R9b9W/an7M+z7W7dv2D7V6kxu9Td7fpbdv5u73LlP231T/XX6Prfq37U/Zn2fa3bt+wfavUm N3qbvb9Lbt/N3e5cp+2+qf66/R9b9W/an7M+z7W7dv2D7V6kxu9Td7fpbdv5u73K3lZPUsT63YNT si/7DnNewNtbSafWawuFde1otDy1j3lzyWAAtALnDZbysnqWJ9bsGp2Rf9hzmvYG2tpNPrNYXCuv a0Wh5ax7y55LAAWgFzhst5WT1LE+t2DU7Iv+w5zXsDbW0mn1msLhXXtaLQ8tY95c8lgALQC5w2dA ugXQL//S9xXuK9xSSSSSSXN9G+smdndaONcyoY+R+0PQDAQ+r7FkNoducSQ/1C7cIDdsbfdyub6N 9ZM7O60ca5lQx8j9oegGAh9X2LIbQ7c4kh/qF24QG7Y2+7lc30b6yZ2d1o41zKhj5H7Q9AMBD6vs WQ2h25xJD/ULtwgN2xt93K//0/SugfXSjrP1t6/0et1Ar6a2oU7bAbbXB1jLiW8tDHtDYI8HSWva vSugfXSjrP1t6/0et1Ar6a2oU7bAbbXB1jLiW8tDHtDYI8HSWvavSugfXSjrP1t6/wBHrdQK+mtq FO2wG21wdYy4lvLQx7Q2CPB0lr2rp1066dJJJJJJf//U9xXuK9xXN/VH6yZ3Wf5UypvrYGF1Kr0g R6deV6m2t0k7nM9PV42h0/QbGvN/VH6yZ3Wf5UypvrYGF1Kr0gR6deV6m2t0k7nM9PV42h0/QbGv N/VH6yZ3Wf5UypvrYGF1Kr0gR6deV6m2t0k7nM9PV42h0/QbGtvo3VOo5XVer4mdW3GdjOa6mgNl 3oOc9rLTYHuDhZsJDdrHMggg6ONvo3VOo5XVer4mdW3GdjOa6mgNl3oOc9rLTYHuDhZsJDdrHMgg g6ONvo3VOo5XVer4mdW3GdjOa6mgNl3oOc9rLTYHuDhZsJDdrHMggg6OOytlbK//1fcV7ivcUkkk kkkkkl//1vcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1/cV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0PcV7ivcUkkkkklxV/116ri/2zMP 6tWVUXYWc2307amuD6XMpbZD37iC/mWBohrq3bjuhcVf9deq4v8AbMw/q1ZVRdhZzbfTtqa4Ppcy ltkPfuIL+ZYGiGurduO6FxV/116ri/2zMP6tWVUXYWc2307amuD6XMpbZD37iC/mWBohrq3bjuhf /9H0yz+2T9Q6rH1v67hhzHFrh6g0IK9Ms/tk/UOqx9b+u4Ycxxa4eoNCCvTLP7ZP1DqsfW/ruGHM cWuHqDQgrPy/7ZX9q52djXX9Rxr8nG3ehc2l9jqt4h2x4YY3DQwdeCqGR/bI/tY29RxH2Z+PlZdB cMaxlD7H1mwQQxzWGC7ggHXgrOzP7Zn9q05+Ndf1HFvysbd6FraX2Oq3iHbHhhiRoYPxTO+tv9rH LOLkPqruOPY7Ix7HdPtJre929z2k1aOc73EjUnU6pn/Wz+1lkuxbrKa7XY1jr6Hv6faTVY929z2k 1e1zne4kak6nVCf9d/7VGU7FusNFrsex1+O9+DYTVY929z2k1e1zne4kak6nVaP/AC431Q/4l3f9 UuR/0jWh/wAuN9UP+Jd3/VLkf9I1o/8ALofUf/nQd/1T3/8ANF//0vTP+XF+qH/Eu3/qmv8A+aL0 z/lxfqh/xLt/6pr/APmi9IH9s76kH/jQd/1T3f8ANE4/tifVE/8ACyz/AKpr/wDmicf2xPqif+Fl n/VNf/zRP/y5v1J/50T86Lv+aJf8uH9Uf+Jj/wDqnu/5ol/y4f1R/wCJj/8Aqnu/5on/AOXL+pX/ ADon/hi7/mir2fXj6gVZT+pWXMZkMpNTsl2LZ6gqB3bd2yds6xxOqA/67fUFmW7qLrWtyW0mo5Bx bfUFQO7bu2TtnWOJ1Vd/1+/tdV5buovyqm5LaTU7IONZ6gqB3bd2yds6xxK//9PvaOuf2r8bMqzq MfFpyqmtZXezBc2xjQzYAHCuQA32geGnC72jrn9q/GzK82jHxacqpoZXezBc2xjQzYAHCuQA32ge GnC7rH+sf9qjGzas2ivDpyqmhld7MNzbGNDNgAcK5ADfaB4acLT/AOXA+qX/ABOP/DNv/NFp/wDL gfVL/icf+Gbf+aLT/wCXG+pn/OiP+GrP+apf6/8A6pf8Tj/w1b/zVL/X/wDVL/icf+Grf+apf8uJ 9Tf+dEf8N2f81T/6/vql/wAT+P8AQrP+ap/9f31S/wCJ/H+hWf8ANU//AC4f1O/50m/8N2f81X// 1PUf9f31S/4nj/huz/mq9R/1/fVL/ieP+G7P+ar0/wD5cL6nf86Tf7x//NVXf9cfqCzM/aD8mhuV 6Yo+0Gl3qemXTs3bZ27tYmJ1Vd31w+oTc39oOyKBlel6H2g0u9T0907N22ds6xMTqq7vrr/a+Zmf tB2XjtyvTFH2g1O9T0y6dm7bO3drExOqFidf/tbYOUcrE+xY2R6TaTbVj7X+m0ABu4MB2gNAA4AA 8ELE6/8A2tsHKOVifYsbI9JtJtqx9r/TaAA3cGA7QGgAcAAeCFh/WL+1ng5RysR2DjZBqbSbaqNr /TaAA3cGg7QGgAcAAeCvf6/Pqj/zpV/3rv8AIr3+vz6o/wDOlX/eu/yK/wD6/vqf/wA6dX3O/wAi /9X1P/X39Uf+dKr7nf5F6n/r7+qP/OlV9zv8i9S/1+/U/wD51Kf9t/kS/wBff1Q/51Kfx/yJf6+/ qh/zqU/j/kS/1+/U/wD51KR8Z/yJD69/VD/nUo+8/wCRIfXv6of86lH3n/Il/r8+p/8Azq0fef8A Is1vWv7XFV+XezqFVVmW17HubdY3Z6hl/pwR6Ze73OLNpc4BxlwBWa3rX9rmq/LvZ1CqqzKa9j3N usbsFhl/pwf0Ze73OLNpc4BxlwBWa3rf9req/LvZ1GmqzLa9jnNvsbs9Qy/04I9Mvd7nFm0ucA4y 4Ar/1vTWfW36jV5t+c3qeML7qq6bH7zqysvLRHGhe779eAvTWfW36jV5t+c3qeML7qq6bH7zqysv LRHGhe779eAvTGfW76iMzrs1vVMYZF1VdNj/AFDqysvc0RxoXu+/XgI/+vr6n/8AOvi/34R/9fX1 P/518X+/CP8A6+/qd/zsYv8AfhL/AF9fU7/nYxP+HAl/r6+p3/Oxif8ADgT/AOvv6m/87OJ/w4Ev 9fX1OHPWcP8A4dal/r6+pw56zh/8OtS/19fU3/nZw/8Ah1q//9f1T/X19Tf+drC/4eb/AJV6p/r6 +pv/ADtYX/Dzf8q9U/19fUz/AJ2sL/h5v+VZuF1n+1rgMsZi9WxKBY+t3tyyCBW7cxjTvltbTMVt hgBcNsEg52F1n+1rgMsZi9WxKBY+t3tyyC1tbtzGNO+W1NMxWIYAXDbBIObh9Z/ta9PZYzF6th0C x9Z9uWQQK3bmVtO+W1tMxW2GAFw2wSDp/Vk/Vdzcl/Rcxue4lgvtOU/IsAE7Wl73ucGiXFrZgEuI EkrS+rJ+q7m5L+i5jc9xLBfacp+RYAJ2tL3vc4NEuLWzAJcQJJWn9WT9V3NyX9FzG57iWC+05T8i wATtaXve5waJcWtmAS4gSStxbi3F/9D3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9H3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9L3Fe4r 3FJJJJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJc+fqJ9Wz9bmfWoY7h1RrXNNgsdtcSwMBLZiQwFoiBqSQTBHP n6ifVs/W5n1qGO4dUa1zTYLHbXEsDAS2YkMBaIgakkEwRz5+on1bP1uZ9ahjuHVGtc02Cx21xLAw EtmJDAWiIGpJBMEf/9T2E/V/oJMnpuIT/pLP8i9hP1f6CTJ6biE/6Sz/ACL2E/V/oJMnpuIT/pLP 8i5r66fUz6os6FnZTOjYLL/0f6RtDA7V7QdQPNV6vqd9U6c1mbV0bCryWO3ttZQwODvEEDlcz9dP qV9UG9CzspnRcFl81/pG0MDpL2g6gea6X/W/0KIHT8YR4Vt/yKyegdDP/Gfj/wDDbf8AIt//AFn/ AFU/5x8If75Z/kS/1v8AQv8AnPx/+G2/5E3+t/oX/Ofj/wDDbf8AIm/1n/VT/nIw/wDhlv8AkX// 1fYf9b3Qv+IGP/w2F7D/AK3uhf8AEDH/AOGwvWP9Zv1U/wCcjD/4ab/kTf63ehf8QKP7wJv9bvQv +IFH94Ev9Zv1T/5yMT/hpv8AkS/1udB/4gUf3gS/1udB/wCIFH94E3+sv6p/85GJ/wANNWH9bvq9 0NvTsMNwaQH9RwGOhg1acisEfAjlSq6D0Wl4fVhUscAQC1oBAIgrF+tf1P8AqvVgYfp9Lxmbuo4D Hbaxq12RWCPgRoV//9b1/wD1tdA/5z6P7wL1/wD1tdA/5z6P7wL1b/WT9Uf+cjF/4bCb/Wz0D/iB R/ehN/rZ6B/xAo/vQm/1j/VD/nIxf7wJf62fq/8A8QKf71L/AFs/V/8A4gU/3qb/AFjfU/8A5yMb +8Cb/Wx9X/8AiBT/AHqb/Wx9X/8AiBT/AHqb/WJ9T/8AnIxv7xf/1/Xf9a/1e/4gU/cvXf8AWv8A V7/iBT9y9T/1h/U7/nIxv71Yf1k+rPQftf1drGDUG2dTaHgDRwFFrhPwLQfkFOr6vdEpLjXh1ML2 lhIHLTyPmsX6w/Uj6p15n1fYzpdDW3dRDHgD6TRRa6D82g/Jbf8ArV+r3/ECr7kP/Wr9Xv8AiBV9 y2P9YH1N/wCcmj7j/lTH6q/V0/8ACCr8Ux+qv1dP/CCr8Uv+W/8AqZ/zk0fcf8q//9D1s/VP6un/ AIQ1/j/lXrZ+qf1dP/CGv8f8q9Q/5b76mf8AOVT/ALb/ACpv9aX1c/4g1/j/AJU3+tL6uf8AEGv8 f8qb/lvPqWP+Mqr73f5U3+tH6uf8QWfe7/Km/wBaP1c/4gs+93+VN/y3f1L/AOcqr73f5Vi9X+qv 1f8A9cP1eq+xt2OfkuLZdBLa9Dz2nREq+rHQam2Nrw2NFjdroJkiZiZWN1X6g/VBv1g6BQ3prBXY 7IL27nwS2vTv2X//0fWf9aH1c/4gs/vnf5V6z/rQ+rn/ABBZ/fO/yr03/lufqV/zl1/3z/8AmyX+ tD6uf8Qm/wB87/Kl/rQ+rn/EJv8AfO/ypv8Alt/qT/zls/v3/wDNk3+s/wCrf/EJv987/Km/1n/V v/iE3++d/lTf8tt9Sf8AnLZ/f2f82S/1nfVr/iE3++f/AJUv9Z31a/4hN/vn/wCVL/ltvqR/zls/ 4cs/5sv/0vV/9Zv1a/4hD+/f/lXq/wDrN+rX/EIf37/8q9K/5bT6kf8AOW3/AIcs/wCbLEyvqh9X XfXHplBwwaxgZdobvfAeLKWg88w5w+amz6qfV9lNlTcQBlkbwHv1gyNZ4n+bwCxsn+139Tf9d3Ts X9nD0TgZdpb6ln022UNB+l2DnD5of1Gx6cb63/W6iluyusYjWtngB96536jY9ON9b/rdRS3ZXWMR rWzwA+9A/tYYeNhfWv68YuMz06abseutkk7WtdeANdV3K7lejr//0/cV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1PcV 7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1fcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1vcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1/cV7ivcVh/Xb/lM5vxp /wChrUlh/Xb/AJTOb8af+hrVuJLcSSSX/9D3Fe4r3FJJJJJJYf1v/kOB/wBLTp//AFsMSWH9b/5D gf8AS06f/wBbDF//0fcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0vcV7ivcVhfWT/VD6sf9LT/r2vSWF9ZP9UPqx/0t P+va9bqS3Ukkl//T9xXuK9xSSSSSSWH1b/lT/Vz/AKK/+hYSWH1b/lT/AFc/6K/+hYX/1PcV7ivc Ukkkkkkkkl//1fcV7ivcVhZE/wCvjp3/AEq8z/odjpLCyJ/18dO/6VeZ/wBDsdZH1N/5Wf1y/pY3 +93ri/qb/wArP65f0sb/AHu9c5/a8/5Wf19/5NU/73eu0XaL0Bf/1vZsDqmFnvzGY7nF2He7Gva+ t7C2wNa6PcBIIcCCJBBkEr2bA6phZ78xmO5xdh3uxr2vrewtsDWuj3ASCHAgiQQZBK9mwOqYWe/M ZjucXYd7sa9r63sLbA1ro9wEghwIIkEGQSlh9Uws2/Kpx3OsOM7ZY/03isukghryNri0ghwaTtIh 0HRLD6phZt+VTjudYcZ2yx/pvFZdJBDXkbXFpBDg0naRDoOiWH1TCzb8qnHc6w4ztlj/AE3isukg hryNri0ghwaTtIh0HRW1bVtJJJf/1/cV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0PcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0fcV7ivc Ukkkkkkkkl//0vcV7ivcVyv1qxeqV4GXfkZzb8H1K5xRSGug2NAHqSeDB41iO65+7pH1wd1C26r6 w114znuLMc4TTsaeBu3gmPHuuV+tWL1SvAy78jObfg+pXOKKQ10GxoA9STwYPGsR3XVIn7M+tn/O 5T/1Rj/pIuqSS/Zv1t/526P+qL/pokv/0/cV6r+zfrd/zt4//VF/01XuKSX7O+t//O3jf9UR/wCk qSSb9nfXD/naxPngn/pMksb60upbh4PqsdYD1HBADXRDvXZB4MgHt38Ryn/Z/wBcf+drD/6oXf8A SdY31pdS3DwfVY6wHqOCAGuiHeuyDwZAPbv4jlf/1PcV6r9g+uX/ADs4X/VC7/pOvcUkvsH1z/52 MH/qgf8A9hCSSX2H66f87GB/1QP/AOwhJJN9h+uv/Ox0/wD659n/AGEpL//V9xXqv2L67f8AOv03 /rn2f9hK9xWN180DP+rgtY5zj1E+mWuADXfZrzJEGREiNNSDOkFfY/rv/wA6/TP+ufb/ANhSxuvm gZ/1cFrHOceon0y1wAa77NeZIgyIkRpqQZ0g7KX2T67/APOt0v8A659v/YUtlJL7J9eP+dXpf/VB b/2FJL//1vcV6r9l+vH/ADp9L/6obf8AsJXuKSX2b68f86XS/wDqit/7CEkkvs314/50Ol/9Udv/ AGEJLG6maP8AXH0EPa42RlbCCA0ewTIjXy1HzS+z/Xj/AIn9L/6pLf8ApOsbqZo/1x9BD2uNkZWw ggNHsEyI18tR81//1/cV6r6H14/4ndL/AOqW3/pMvcUkvQ+vH/E3pf8A1TW/9JkkkvR+vH/Evpf/ AFT2/wDSVJJL0vrx/wASul/8MW/9JUl//9D3Feq+n9eP+JHS/wDhm3/pIvcVjXej/rxwZD/V/Z2V tMjbt9WmdImZiNfFL0/rx/j+l/8ADVv/ADdY13o/68cGQ/1f2dlbTI27fVpnSJmYjXxXL9C6SzqH 10+tpZmZeIGOx5+z2bdxLrpnTXUaLkvqp0jLz/rV9avteddjXsdRvOA81scS+7sZOkeK4z6pdJq6 h9dfrwa8vMwwzKqkY9m3cS62Z011BjyXYdN6McC51n2/Mytzdu3Js3NGvIEDVdx03oxwLnWfb8zK 3N27cmzc0a8gQNV3fTejHAudZ9vzMrc3btybNzRryBA1X//R9V6Thdcw+odfvuoxSzOz6r6Nl7yf TFdVTt01CHBte4ASCTtkAbj6r0nC65h9Q6/fdRilmdn1X0bL3k+mK6qnbpqEODa9wAkEnbIA3H1X pOF1zD6h1++6jFLM7Pqvo2XvJ9MV1VO3TUIcG17gBIJO2QBuK+r3Sc7EzupZuTj4uB9t9MnFwnl9 ZsaXl9xcWVzZZvAd7ZhjZceGr6vdJzsTO6lm5OPi4H230ycXCeX1mxpeX3FxZXNlm8B3tmGNlx4a vq90nOxM7qWbk4+LgfbfTJxcJ5fWbGl5fcXFlc2WbwHe2YY2XHhu4txbiSSS/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJ JJJf/9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r3FYf12/5TeV/pmP/ANDmJLD+ u3/Kbyv9Mx/+hzFuJLcSSSX/1vcV7ivcUkkkkklhfW7+R9N/6WmB/wBD2pLC+t38j6b/ANLTA/6H tX//1/cV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0PcV7ivcVh/WMT1P6rf9LR3/AFqZCSw/rGJ6n9Vv+lo7/rUyFuJL cSSSX//R9xXuK9xSSSSSSWH1X/lU/V7+jmf7w1JYfVf+VT9Xv6OZ/vDV/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf /9P3Fe4r3FYd/wDyuMH/AKVeV/0OpSWHf/yuMH/pV5X/AEOpWP8AUz/lYfXH/TKP97vXF/Uz/lYf XH/TKP8Ae71zf9rr/lX/AF8/5OV/73cu0XaL0Bf/1PcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1fcV7ivcUkkkkkkk kl//1vcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1/cV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0PcV7ivcVh/XXX6uZP8ApuN/0OYksP66 6/VzJ/03G/6HMW4ktxJJJf/R9xXuK9xSSSSSSWF9bf5L0z/paYP/AEOaksL62/yXpn/S0wf+hzV/ /9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r3FYf1iE9U+qv/S0f/wBaeSksP6xCeqfVX/paP/608lbiS3Ek kl//1PcV7ivcUkkkkklh9V/5VX1e/oZn+8sSWH1X/lVfV7+hmf7yxf/V9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//W 9xXuK9xWHdP+vfC8ul5P/Q2lJYd0/wCvfC8ul5P/AENpWR9TP+Vd9cf9No/3u5cZ9TP+Vd9cf9No /wB7uXOf2uv+Vb9fP+TrP97uXZrs136//9f3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9D3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9H3 Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r3FYn1ya5/wBX7mNiXX4oEmOb6+6YkAEn QBYP14exn1ayXve2tjbcYuc8gNaPXZJJOgA8SttOt7lJJJf/1PcV7ivcUkkkkklhfW3+TdL/AOlp hf8AQ0JLC+tv8m6X/wBLTC/6Ghf/1fcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1vcV7ivcVh/WL/VX6qf9LR//AFp5 KSw/rF/qr9VP+lo//rTyVuJLcSSSX//X9xXuK9xSSSSSSWH1T/lV/V//AErN/wB5YksPqn/Kr+r/ APpWb/vLF//Q9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//R9xXuK9xWHbP+vfE8ul5H/Q2pJYds/wCvfE8ul5H/AENq WR9TP+VZ9cf9Op/3q5cZ9TP+VZ9cf9Op/wB6uXOf2uv+VX9e/wDk83/e7l2a7Nd+v//S9xXuK9xS SSSSSSSSX//T9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//U9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//V9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//W9xXu K9xWX9Z68d/Qc12Q/wBOulovLpAANbg8ST2lony7jlAzcinFxLr7ntqrrYXOe8w1o8SewC5v+2Tj 05H1C+sTbSQ1uFbYNv7zBuaOOCQJ8vDlc7/a9+tT8+zL6XmPJvY59+O55kvrc73Ce5YT9xHgVj9A 6jczPy+l5b3OeXPyMV7zq+tzvc341uMf0S3zXE/2h/r/AHdZwMjoXU8h12dik202XOLn3VOOsk6k tJ7ngjwK7Zb69aX/1/cV7ivcUkkkkklh/Wz+I6V/0tMP/oYElh/Wz+I6V/0tMP8A6GBf/9D3Fe4r 3FJJJJJJJJJf/9H3Fe4r3FYf1i/1X+qf/S0s/wCtLKSWH9Yv9V/qn/0tLP8ArSyluJLcSSSX/9L3 Fe4r3FJJJJJJYfU/+VZ9X/8ASc38laSw+p/8qz6v/wCk5v5K1//T9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//U9xXu K9xWHb/yt8X/AKVd/wD0NrSWHb/yt8X/AKVd/wD0NrWR9S/+VX9cf9Pq/wB6tXGfUv8A5Vf1x/0+ r/erVzv9rn/lU/Xr/k+P97tXZrs13y//1fcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1vcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1/cV 7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0PcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0fcV7ivcVl/We009Az3hm8+ntAieTE/KZntzrwqn VLX04Nr2M9R0tAbE8uAnyA5J7cwVzn9saw1/UP6xEN3zg3MgN3fSbExI4mZ7c6xC8YblZWBlY3Uc EBuViPD2AmGujQtPk4SD/nHP9VxL7aqszBAbmYLxZUCYBIBBaT+68S0+Ez4L5R+r3Xc76vdbwuq4 TouxLA8AzDhwWnycJB8ivbui9WxOs9Kxeo4pmrIYHAHlp4LT5ggg+YXQ9M6jj9TwMfNonZc2YPLT wQfMGQfML7B+r/W8Lr/RcLquE7dRl1h7fFp4LT5tIIPmF//S9xXuK9xSSSSSSWH9bP4npP8A0tMP /oYElh/Wz+J6T/0tMP8A6GBf/9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9T3Fe4r3FYf1h/1Y+qf/Szs/wCtLJSW H9Yf9WPqn/0s7P8ArSyVuJLcSSSX/9X3Fe4r3FJJJJJJYfU/+Vb0D/SM3/o0ksPqf/Kt6B/pGb/0 aX//1vcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1/cV7ivcVh2f8rjH/wClXd/0OrSWHZ/yuMf/AKVd3/Q6tZH1Kj/X T9cf+TFX+9WrjPqVH+un64/8mKv96tXO/wBrmP8AXP8AXk/8/D/j9q7Ndmu+X//Q9xXuK9xSSSSS SSSSX//R9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//S9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//T9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//U9xXuK9xW H9dXbfq1mHax2tQiwwNbG68jUcjzjnhZn1jcW9KcQ1j/ANNj6PMD+OZryNRyPOOeFyn9tN23+191 72MfNAEWGBq9onkajkecc8L5xy3endVbWID6mgg8aDaQfuWa92x7HtHLdQfuP5F8lWgAtI7gf5F3 n9qn68UdH6izoWVFeHmnfS8n+LtPifB3HkY7EwfpmfgYWd+z2htRvb9oDYgkuJBPGuo1+RPK9U/t G/2xW9E6iPq/1Bwbg59k02O0FNx01P7roA8jHaV//9X3Fe4r3FJJJJJJYf1r/iukf9LTE/3tJYf1 r/iukf8AS0xP97X/1vcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1/cV7ivcVh/WD/Vn6qf9LG3/AK08lJYf1g/1Z+qn /Sxt/wCtPJW4ktxJJJf/0PcV7ivcUkkkkklhdS/5V3QP+S+d/wBGklhdS/5V3QP+S+d/0aX/0fcV 7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0vcV7ivcVhP/AOVxR/0q7f8AocxJYT/+VxR/0q7f+hzFlfUsf8FH1wPjk1/7 1auN+pY/4KPrgfHJr/3q1c//AGuRH1l+vJ8eo/8AH7V2S7Jd6v/T9qxc/BzPX+y5FWR6FrqbfSeH enY36TXQdHCdQdQvasXPwcz1/suRVkeha6m30nh3p2N+k10HRwnUHUL2rFz8HM9f7LkVZHoWupt9 J4d6djfpNdB0cJ1B1COjo6SSSSSS/9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9b3Fe4r 3FJJJJJJJJJf/9f3Fe4r3FcV9fcj6wjoea2/Dw2YX2jHDba8l7rS37RXtlhpAk6SN+niVyX1oyPr N9le2/DwmYP2zGAtrybHW7ftDNp9M0gSdJG/TWCV57/bYv8ArCfqV1xl+HhswpqDba8l7rS31mbZ YaQJOkjfp4lfNrus5VmA521m6m2CIMbXj4+I/FSNjjTx9An5A/7i+ZzWHU9/Y78v+4gZnVLyzGlr JNYdImQdx41VfrGFXm0YzSXVWVs3VWs+lW6TqP5wdDwUM1CG+YX/0Oj/ALTX9s2v6yYLejdQft6n iV+xxn9YqbpM/vN/OB1PInWPQum/Wb6w2Oq6aMLFtz62uLjkZD6WXMbEOrIqsnn3NMFunIMrof7S /wDbKZ9YOns6H1KwjqmFWBW98n7TU2BM93t/OnU/S190enLT+2/Xb/nI6d/10LP+wZeoJJvt311/ 5x+n/wDXQs/7BkljfWVtDmdK9V7mR1HGLdrZl27QHUQD4/gl9u+un/ONgf8AVe//ALB1jfWVtDmd K9V7mR1HGLdrZl27QHUQD4/gv//R9xXqn2/65/8AONg/9V7/APsHXuKSf9ofXL/nGwv+q53/AEgS SS/aH1x/5xcP/qud/wBIUkkv2j9cP+cXE/6rj/0hSX//0vcV6p+0vrf/AM4mN/1W/wDTJe4rG642 l3V/q0XvLXNzrTWA2dx+y3iCZ00JM68R3lL9pfW7/nDx/wDqt/6ZLG642l3V/q0XvLXNzrTWA2dx +y3iCZ00JM68R3lbKX7T+tv/ADh0fLNH/SNbKSf9p/Wz/nDp+WYP+kaS/9P3Feq/tT61/wDOFV8s xv8AzRe4pJv2r9av+cKv/qrb/wA0SSS/av1p/wCcFv8A1Vs/5qksbPZUfrT0Vxs2vbj5m1kfSBNU 69o0S/a31o/5wR/1Vs/yLGz2VH609FcbNr24+ZtZH0gTVOvaNF//1PcV6r+1/rP36B/1dV/5F7ik l+1/rN/zgH/qqrSSS/bH1l/7l93/AFU1JJJv2z9Zf+5ff/1U1f5Ul//V9xXqn7Z+sn/cvW/9VNP+ Ve4rGcyr/XjU/wBQeoOnPGyDMG1us8Jftr6x/wDcvXfLIp/5ssZzKv8AXjU/1B6g6c8bIMwbW6zw uY+r2L1uz61fW09O6hRjN+017hbjOsky/v6jONVyv1Rq+seX9YfrVbjZFPTHHIZ6lN9HrEGbNNzb Gjx4lcd9TsTrNn1o+up6b1DHx2ftD3erjOsklzz/AIxnBkd5XYdNxuu02PPUM7Hy2Ee1tOOayD4k mx8/cF2/TcbrtNjz1DOx8thHtbTjmsg+JJsfP3Bd103G67TY89QzsfLYR7W045rIPiSbHz9wX//W 9V+r1XUK+q/WV+ThW4tWTnsux7LHVkWsGPVVIDXuI1qJ9wGhHeQPVfq9V1Cvqv1lfk4VuLVk57Ls eyx1ZFrBj1VSA17iNaifcBoR3kD1X6vVdQr6r9ZX5OFbi1ZOey7HssdWRawY9VUgNe4jWon3AaEd 5A3FuLcSSSSSSX//1/cV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0PcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0fcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl// 0vcV7ivcVzv9sBxb9Vskgx+nxOP+TFaBnsY7DvD2hwDC6CJ1GoPyIkLkv7axI+oPVyDB/QDTzuYv kbGeHG6sjS1hA+I1H5Fy1T2kuZ+8D96+Xq+m5jW2bqoaWnuNCNQmyTLcfyrH5SpXuEU9v0f85QX4 eVFcUP0brDToZK//0/FMHNy8DMoy8W51F9Lw+uxhgtI7grvH42Pk2UNsmWWNexzTDmOB0II1B/mk HQleP4g6rg5FWVjC7HuocH12sBBYR3BXuv1M/wAIPBtZj4n1lqdTcS8PzKmzX9KWktGoEGDAPE9z tPX9d3YGYzF6tjWBltjm15VI3MMu9gIGodBggA8SJE7fb/qj/b4q9LGxfrRjW49ji5r82tn6OSZa S0CRpoYnie52+w4mZiZuNXk4l1eRRaJZZU4Oa4eII0K6rHyMfJpZdj2suqeJa+twLXDyI0K9cxMv FzcavJxbmZFNglllTg5rh5EaFZP1q+j0b/paY35SiLJ+tX0ejf8AS0xvylf/1PcV7ivcUkkkkkkk kl//1fcV7ivcVh9f/wBW/qr/AMn7v+tS9JYfX/8AVv6q/wDJ+7/rUvW4ktxJJJf/1vcV7ivcUkkk kklh9R/5WHQv+Smf+WhJYfUf+Vh0L/kpn/loX//X9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//Q9xXuK9xWG7/lcV/9 Kt//AEOaksN3/K4r/wClW/8A6HNWV9Sh/wAEv1wP/Ftn5bFx31KH/BL9cD/xbZ+WxYH9rof8EX13 Pj1J3+92LsV2K7tf/9H3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf /9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r3Fc1/bEMfVPKP/FjD/62a1X6gYwMo+FT/wAhXI/22P8AlA9W +OP/AND618hseWPa4ctIK49p2uDvAyvnwKeQQXCOANPvKLkxuaANA3+cqbWwXfGV/9bw4chd3Tpd Wf4Q/KuCsE1vHiCP8/8AP/YZByaKb2WU3MD2PkOa4SCEnVsfWWPbLSIIP+f+f5Ol+pv9sH6yfU/J 39OyN2O9wNuLbrU/UTp2JiJGqrdBwupdEvyn9PeLKHAPNdlh3EzqIPtJd+8Yd4k8jQ+q/wBZvrD9 UMl1nSry/HeQ6zGtJLH8Tp2JA+kIPjPb2zpP9tXoP10Z0aho+w9Qr6hjPsxrXCCNxEsdpu5GkTrx AJXWdI+tGB1Euqf+q5DHBr6rdCC4naNYMkQYI7iJXqeB/bI6P9bWdIoDThZ9XUcZ9mPa4ajcRLDp u5GkA68Rqv/X9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//Q9xXuK9xWH17/AFc+q3/J67/rUvSWH17/AFc+q3/J67/r UvW4ktxJJJf/0fcV7ivcUkkkkklh9Q/5WPQv+Sef/vVCSw+of8rHoX/JPP8A96oX/9L3Fe4r3FJJ JJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r3FYZj/Xu3/pVu/6GhJYZj/Xu3/pVu/6GhZX1K/5UX1vP/Ftn5XrjvqV/yovr ef8Ai2z8r1gf2uh/d/67Hx6k7/e7F2K7Fd2v/9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf /9b3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9f3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9D3Fe4r3Fcx/bJMfVDLP+j4f/WzWq3UzHTc w+FNn+8lch/bZ/5QHVf6WN/0PrXyGuK3v/zH+wvHR0rB/wAV/tj/AJU57KdjnlrHSOIOnHKhRg4T 7bWOq+idDJ4hf//R8OHK7Wp7vVZ/SCw7el4IqsLaoIaY9x0/FMoOe/ceyk3pOBtH6LsPzj/lSRK7 HCq7zA/KhW9MwhfjtFcBxdOp8E4JaQQYI1BHZV8vHx81rG5Iduqk1W1mLKj4gxrwDBkGBI0TZXQc C9o2tNT26teCZaV//9LnPqP/AG9OufV/GZhdUqd1fGY5ja3OeG2VVgEEA7Tu7RJ7EdwR3eN13rXR Matj6ndXxwZ9RkNdRUNNW6lxgHgakQAAfbY+rn9sXr/1cxW4mdVZ1fGY9rWuc4B9NQHHBLj3HwjS fb7b9VP7Y/1T+tNDHYOY1l5HuxryG2tPtnSdRLwARoTIEwV0HRPrR0brVZOLeG2sMWUWe2ytw0Ic 3yOk8SDB0XpX1c+vP1c+sNIdiZIZcNH490NsYdAQR8TEjQmYmF061lvpJJL/0/cV7ivcVhdeH93f qt/ydv8A+tW5JYXXh/d36rf8nb/+tW5bqS3Ukkl//9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJYef/AMrLof8AySz/APes dJYef/ysuh/8ks//AHrHX//V9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//W9xXuK9xWHp/r3H/Sr/6OpLD0/wBe4/6V f/R1Zf1JH/BD9bv+TjfyvXH/AFJH/BD9bv8Ak438r1g/2uf9XfrofHqT/wDe7F2C7Bd0v//X9xXu K9xSSSSSSSSSX//Q9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//R9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//S9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//T 9xXuK9xWD9fWMd9SPrEXNDjX0/JsZI+i9lZc1w8C1wBB7EAhVupR+zsyePRs/wB5KzPrPi05f1d6 pRbWy1rsewhtgBG5olp17ggEHsRK+OlwvqN8CvGm9Hyf3mfef8ic9lMWtJ2xoRHwQKOl3kZLhtmq wggT4CY0X//U8NXYMsHqDSNfBCt6Xkihzxte0t/NPaPMBJQc9sn4pDpmdA/RfiEk7bGgEfJBu6bl jJxga4Jc6NR+6kn3t/zH+wj/ALLzv8V+IX//1fDV2Zv2trhxG0GI+JVdvTctzrG+lJaQCJGhgJKr m4HSupaZdDd5G31WCHRrofEd4Onkq2X9WnXgusohwH0gRwPHxHeOF3X1W/tyfXT6uVV4zb2Z+KwN a2rLBdtaHEkNcCDrJGswI7AK9/rg6l0ShrWsuzqa9HkNNjma+EhxmTwCAPABbfSvrn9aegUVUsa/ Nx2QAx43lrd06QdxJntMDsANPU/q/wD4Q/1UzgGdWx7ulWQPcAbaz82jd/tfmtHpn9sXoGdc+hxt otraXPD63jaByTLQR9y7Do39tfoWa91OZTdg3MEuDmOIHj2B/Bf/1vXejfWj6u9cZv6X1HHzNJLa nguHxbyPmF7VjZ2HlCaLmWeTTqPkvZsLq3Tc8H7Lk13Ecta73D4jkKv13/V76r/8nL/+tW1HWd13 /V76r/8AJy//AK1bVuJLcSSSX//X9xXuK9xSSSSSSWHn/wDKz6H/AMkeof73jJLDz/8AlZ9D/wCS PUP97xl//9D3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9H3Fe4r3FYYj/Xuf+lWP+hxSWGI/wBe5/6VY/6HFZf1I/1e +tp8cxv/AB5cf9SP9XvrafHMb/x5YP8Aa4H92vrn/wBLN/8AvT12C7Bd0v/S9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSS X//T9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//U9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//V9xXuK9xSSSSSSSSSX//W9xXuK9xWF9fP +UP9Zf8ApWZf/Qpyq9U/1NzP9Jf/ALyVS61/qP1D/kvZ/vJXxyuCXlbfgncIDfMJp1Plog4Ah2Z/ yYd/vIX/1/DV1YJ3AnRaQYBVZX2gx8CkoO54RwIHCShugtHjoq2Q2czEMcOf/vKSJ2VnxX//0PDV 1UzI8NFp0iL8k/wm/wC8hJIaGfBTsH6N3wSU32E2b26Hy8lToZDSxwkaHXz1SRGWDbY4NDXAAnwP uHZWRVIaDMSY8RoQv//R8Prssqe19bix7TIc0wQfitjI+qfQy/7TiUvw3hxcHY1jmGp2okAQBppx 5JH6r9K9QPrqdjWB25r8d7mbT4gAxPyXWYf9tb694tvTnnqTsgdPINDchjXR7XN1MbjLXEEzPnoI 18fL+seHhU14nU7cmytwc1mZsIewT7C4Vz5zqe0+Gr9t+sWO3BfV1CzLswLRZT9r2H8xzS0uDJgh xk6nz0EejdH/AMJSuNvV+juBDWDfiPBl0DcdrogEyQJ8pPKu0f2wc+isjqPRry9rRLsMteHOA1gE giTxPzPdb+N/bLzqaz+0ejXFzWiXYbmvDnRrAJB1PE8cE912/Sf7c/8Aa76kGgdTGI8s3lmWxzNu sQXRtJ+BOmvYx0eN1/p97Wbi6h7mbyy1sFvGhIkTr2P5F0mJ9beiZLWTa7He5m4suaQW8aE6idex P4Ff/9L2jG6l07Lax2NlU3h4a5pre10hzdwIg926jxGq9ubdS6Nr2ndEQeZE/kXtrMiizbssa7dB EEayJH4aqypoiSSSw87/AJWnRP8ApX9Q/wChmMksPO/5WnRP+lf1D/oZjL//0/cV7ivcUkkkkkkk kl//1PcV7ivcVhj/AJXDv+lW3/ocUlhj/lcO/wClW3/ocVl/Ucf3c+tmn/C1v/Hlx/1HH93PrZp/ wtb/AMeWD/a3/wBV/rif+fm//enrsF2C7pf/1fcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1vcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl// 1/cV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0PcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0fcV7ivcVg/X3/lD/WX/AKVmX/0KcqXWyW9G 6gRoRj2f7yVT6z/qRnf6RZ/vJXx0vKPtGR/jH/eV5mGN/d/BSeIDfgndkXw39I4aa6lA6cxu7L9v /Ch35Gr/0vDVo4+TbvAc9xB8SeVv+k1wgAA+QSQX5GRJ/SPHzKnsbr7R9ySb7Rd3e4kcGToq+RW3 7VinaNC//eSkpjIyP8a/++KsFjdfaF//0/DVeORfDf0juNdSt2pg9XI0H0h/vISSbkZEibH9u5Ur WN2O9o4PZJTdkXFjve8EO8TwVT9JrLKTA99YB07iP8qSli5dzDY4vc6GjQk/vNVnYCGgAAknj4Ff /9Tw1aTczJx7yWWOcAYhxJDh5rfY1rmj2/hwkrGTlW110Poe4McCRu1I141Hb/PykamRwkkzNyLw 1zHbbGavAA9w8Rpz4/eo+g0E6aJKdvU7vtN1Vj4aHuDHgCWa6dtR4pzSzw4X/9XxGi+7HtZbTY6q xhlr2EhwPkQt2vPzqrHeq7ea272GB4gSDE6gnVdCytrXB7RDmatPdvwXTdI/to/X3pOxuP1i+ytt otLMg+oHHuCXSYPcAjx51Vmj6ydYxm76cl11XqB7g/VwPgZ7Hy0+BV3H6t1XG/i8qzb6geQ87gT4 azof89V1vT/8Iz630vP2zCwsthcTDWuY4A9gdxEDzBPmtaj679QLWPdVU/1CYrMtIjsDwfLRaNX1 u6swkvrptaSSAQWuHlPH4Lfwf7fv1czOt4HUOpYGVhHGx8ijbTttafVdUZmWkR6fG0zPkrmP/bB6 W4uGTRdjOaYIjd+TVM36yYd/WcPqWTVbjnEx8ij02tD93quqO6QQRHpxEaz2hf/W7TD/ALeH9rnK yGU/tF9Je8Ma66l7W6mJJiAPMxHdent+vv1b+1DHsttpe57mNNlTw07XQTMfRkj3ceJXqLPr19XT kjHsttpe57mNNtTwHQQCQY+jJHu48Srh/tv/ANrcZVmN+3Kd9bywnZZsJBjR+3aR5gkEazCm36+f VN1t1YzwPRcWPea7BWCDBh+3ade4MKbfrx9VzbbX9tj0nuY57qrBXIMGHlu069wVsYX1z+qOdH2X rWDcT+a29m77plaGL1/oeY0OxuoY1wP7lrT/ADq9i9e6JmNDsbPx7geNljT/ADrXZZXY0PY4PaeC 0yCrzXNcAWkEHuFea5rgC0gg9wv/1/cV7ivcVht/5XFn/SrZ/wBDnJLDb/yuLP8ApVs/6HOWX9R/ 9WvrX/ydH5CuP+o/+rX1r/5Oj8hWD/a1/wBVPref+fm//enLsF2C7pf/0PcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl// 0fcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0vcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0/cV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1PcV7ivcVyH106vd f9VPrRjO6bmUNb03NAvtFfpuip3EPJ17afcuV6v9Z77cPquK7onUaGV4+R+s3MrFJ2McZkPJh0ae 3vrCweo9Xuuxuo4zum5lDW03RfaK/TdAPEPJ17afcvkteVft/wD4r/7b/YXBiyDwiWiBX/RCld1r 0xX+hnc0O+lx+Hkg4L9pytOb3H8B5L//1fDVUxuub8ilnoRue0Tu4k/Bb1dnuHtSTu60HtsLaPdX y3d28ePv/wA4lv0Pt1HKSCOtbg5/oxs7buZ+SFY6bqnbfo7vyfBJEq69QW/pKnNM8Ng/5EX1BrIX /9bw1V/23itglj/dqNB8PHyW6x7Q63Tl0/gEkh1zEJADLJOnA/yp7Xt2OEHgpKTesYzrNgY+eOBG n+4q9zh6FTo1r2k/Duknr63illpDH+1oJ0H7wHiitsbLdDoT+Qr/1/DUJ3WsX022bHxO3QCdI81u ixrXOEc6hJWx1jGfi4tW136UP2yB9IHT7+P89CB4jg6pKnX17GZa0tZY1wI7D/KmNgE6FJWM3qeJ UTYxj9m9zCGge1zT/PyFJzwJMeS//9Dw1PiddxrWvpIc1obO54Ht1A+5dE2xpkRH8ySE7rlWLc5h ZY17CWnQf5eEjZscRBBCSO/q1N2G25lbg1hcSwASOJPPH5PyOXA1yBoJ0/z/AM/5kgD6xYTwG2ss McPgSPx1Cj6rD9IH4jsv/9Hw1Eyep4zLLG3+1rnk7XNJDoPI08R8V0VpYdzXtBbMwRoYKSlj9UwD u9O3cGtPsIJj5RqnYKWg7R9EGBHCSDZ1Xpd42vsB/gvaS38Roo2jGvaW2ta8cw8SPxCsYfUM/AuZ dh5NuLawy19Ly1wPkQQovf0nGFbmH7I/c4ttw5rcDpqCwCf9jy0rv6X06ra6qoYljXEtsxCanDjW WR4L/9LzvH/ts/2xsaqupnXchzaySDYGvcZ8XOaSfmVYq+tP1jpqnE6/fZXX/jqxYR8ZbuPzK32Z /wBasZsYvW7nVt4GQxtkfEkBx+bvuXqn9pj+2B1b62fWDMr6uan5ePgAMtrrLXWsDxO6HbQQXdmi ZPYALqvqz9fM+3OzKOql99VDGen9jxLbLHExJeKw4iIPDQNdTOi6H6p53Uc76wZtucK3Prxm11WV sILmSCQ73RIcTENGh5PA6L6tXfWDH679aG4ODi5bDmAudblGsjQxAFT5+/yQfqd1Drj+q/WW3pnT qsiqzMDpyrn0PboY9hpJHzgrH+pVv1gxur/WtuBg4uW09ReXOsyiyJLiI21vB089OF1/TMjrlz7B 1HCx8RoA2GjINu495BrZH4rtemZHXLn2DqOFj4jQBsNGQbdx7yDWyPxXc9MyOuXPsHUcLHxGgDYa Mg27j3kGtkfiv//T7z6iY+X05lj8nGvoBw+nUZU1Pm3qIdY3IsIiXlxdXuuEtcBO8hpI7z6iY+X0 5lj8nGvoBw+nUZU1Pm3qIdY3IsIiXlxdXuuEtcBO8hpI7z6iY+X05lj8nGvoBw+nUZU1Pm3qIdY3 IsIiXlxdXuuEtcBO8hpIvfVOlg6r1zKx6r3Y2W6u37TnY7qsh9pdYXVnexj3VVNLPTLgYDi0OIEN vfVOlg6r1zKx6r3Y2W6u37TnY7qsh9pdYXVnexj3VVNLPTLgYDi0OIENvfVOlg6r1zKx6r3Y2W6u 37TnY7qsh9pdYXVnexj3VVNLPTLgYDi0OIEN6ddOunSSSX//1PcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1fcV7ivc Ukkkkkkkkl//1vcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1/cV7ivcVgfX8x9RvrJ59Nyv+hTllfWv/lMdY/5J3f7w VR67/qPnedL/AMhXx2vn1eYxqiXf2P8AoBFyDLavJg/nQsQa36f2U/kC/9Dw5v0h8VzuKYyqT4Pb +Vbdf0gkeVEuLLC5uhBKfgyAmUXOb74Ebu3gk5oJkDQfgkmHwTEc6L//0fDVzRMho8B/OVtxq7RJ IaEGOCmePa7Tsf50k4cQ8OAiDKhsDqtp7iPgkpscALo03Dt/SCjVJawka9/uX//S8NXOMI2PYe+o +IWy4QQ6OEkW15+zYoGmzfx21Uu3CSjY4OsZbEbjLvJ3f/KncOTCSIcj9YyA7+Luc7d5amD8k5Pu dpoV/9Pw1c/WDUb2nnYRp8R/n/npuxG8EdklIv8AtFTWu/jKhDT+80dviEo3A6ahJM259ddDmaFj nEfOE8loaQIiSkmvbW79JU3a08t/dP8AkTPaDLmjTw8F/9Tw1Y12S1911domtzyR4sPiFvuI3PDh pJI8kkGrdQ9+sHaYI/KP8/8AYYAtLtI9spJjtu1gNs7+Dv8AZS275gAO/L/spKTLvTx2sc0OaXv3 NPwGvkU+7bWAWgiXSF//1fDVz3uqcLKnEAHQjQj/AD/z8t4gt9zePEdl6x/g4Fn+vLqQLTv/AGa+ DOgHq1zpHw7/AHzp6F/aturf9YeogMh32aZB5G5vIXSfU8t/aeSNsEU8/wBYeS9b+on+q31r/wCT w/Iug+on+q31r/5PD8iqf2s/5d9bf+lnZ+Vy7Bdgu6X/1vcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1/cV7ivcUkkk kkkkkl//0PcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0fcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0vcV7ivcVz/9sEx9RvrH59Oyv+hT lifXcx9Tuv8A/JDI/wB4Kz+v/wCo2d/pNn+8lfHi+WV5aBqi38U/6WPylWc4y3F8qGj8SoYw/jdI /SH+Zf/T8PZ9NvxC826cYz8U+FrP96C1Kh72/EJjyeyC/wCm7SNU50nt/MlGiLQ8squLYkbeR5/5 /wCfEmaNeY4j5JlH1a3TvqA82GI/m/z+5bmxq35jRf/U8NXmtwBrrLJ2tbGvmT/n/nprvboC0GAP u1KSEzR7T4EKBGhSTvM2OPmSmAgDTskjh00vdHNYafk5v+RQGjjov//V8NXmNTzXY145aQVqRpwk rGWW+jjsafazfHwJnVLtHgkoYz+anfRcQR5OHH+ROO4STX2u+122McWkvcQQeJKTvpH5r//W8NXn 1WdkPx3N3v8AUa2AZOokfiCtcOJafGElWbmZbSCLrAQZHuOijucDMkQkrORl5FtVdjHuZyXBrjod Nfh+RTeSWgjTmUkGjqGVU+TY57eHNc46hRa8tPiO48l//9fw1eeZeRletZY21wYXnQOPt1WxYHbn HzMx2SSxuoZIY+t9jtpBIcSZafL/ACJ2PO1zTxB+SSC7Iy2EH13kcghxhQO4azp4hJHOZfbRXuve x4c4AyYOg5/z/wAqIXF9Y3OgyV//0PDV5u3MzabBNr5HZxJC19z2OM6eIXrX+Deyg/W3qj3WkXN6 e4Mr26OabGbju7QQ0R3nyXqf9pGyuz6x9VLr3mxuIA2p4kbd7ZO7y0HGs+S6f6k7P2llHcd3oiGk dpHf7l6z9RP9U/rT/wAn/wDjq7b6if6p/Wn/AJP/APHUD+1l/K/rX/0tLPyldguwXdL/0fcV7ivc Ukkkkkkkkl//0vcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0/cV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1PcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1fcV 7ivcVz39sP8A5Q/1h/6V+V/0KcsH6/PNf1I+sTxqW9PyCP8AhsrO+sBjo2b/AKTZ/vJXx/tC+R/2 rkfus+4/5V5Xvd4BFyGj9F/pY/nVrO6le1uJDW60NPB8T5qNLi3fpEuJX//W8Rrb+kb8QvIundTv d1DEaWtANzAYB/eHmtGqw+qzT84fJRLQCeRCru6pkbj7Wc+B/wAqY2OBOkR+CkGe13kj09RuOLku LWy3ZGh8VNrz6dhjiPyqO1V/2pkfus+4/wCVQ9R3gF//1/D9oXjz+qZDWUkNZqwk6H94+a0zc5oZ AHGv3lLaEndRuljmBu1xHYyD4JnOJ1aND+H+f+fktqc9WgkelJB8f9hRL4n28f5+CW3zUmdVJrfF XEaT/sJi7UmOF//Q8P2+a8e/a/8AoX+2/wBhaHqfwUtvmjDqW+ppDPcASGk8/gn3z28f8+EtvmhN 6t7gPSjX97j8EvUjtCW1Gs6mw2WMFcPa4gCdHfgpbwSREEcL/9Hw/avI6eq/xv6PaWtJ58x5LTbY fdpEBLb5pN6o20GK4sGoBPP4Jw8P0Ah3+f4pbUndVLK63Csgy7SeIjySNha1piCCfl/n/n5Laojq geCW1e792efhp+Cb1A7gQfD/ACf5/wCx/9Lw/avIrOsbLn7a51Ou7n8Fpm7bY6B3KW3zUmdUYWuc yuCAZbPH4ahSD2kOLRGhkeCW3zQm9ZIEelp4bv8AYUBeWyI07hNtKOOo1moODHkAk6QY4lTLgawW gwCT8OF//9Pw/aV5IOsY8AFryBxoNPxWn6zYggkD8PgvVP8AByEfXjP/AOlZb/0NqXqX9oTKbb9c eosEyOnvn5WVrp/qQf7rZI/0A/g5q9d+oX+qP1p7f3Q/46F6V9Qv9UfrT2/uh/x0KH9rH+U/Wv8A 6Wli7Bdgu6X/1PcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1fcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1vcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1/cV 7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0PcV7ivcVzn9sST9SOvgTJwckCP9Kcue/th/8oT6yf8ASuyf94KzPrGY6Nmf 6VZ/vBXyL6F3+Ld9xXx6vK5Hki5FNp9KGO0rEwOOfJWs4yMX/SG/lKZkDdOkkr//0fFa6bRY2a3A Ag8HReK4BjOxT4WsP4hXai31GfEKJou7VuHyP+RAd9I/FIloJ1iPwU20W7H/AKN06RoUakxi5Pns /KptI9Oz5fLVR+z3/wCKd9xQEPc3xC//0vFfs9+kVO050Oi8PeZaweAj8Sr73DazXt/OUjjZAEmp 4j+Cf8/8/uTXFp8jymY4BwEiCdQmFF5IArdJEjQ8JjySk8ASdP8AIn+zZHep/l7SpVuLQ8jmP5wo yNT4eC//0/FTj3gSa3j4g/5/5/d4e6HajQ9wrkjkdk/2bI7VPnv7Tonc47a4Oon8qckAAyO6Y42Q ASangDxaU7rA+HHRw7junBa7uAUvs2R/in/3p/z/AM/ui8y9x8SUzi0OdqBqV//U8UONkCJqf/el eIeoYM6kiJWg1zSHCRMcpCi9wkVuI8QD/n/n90FAw0wdIUXMcx0OBae4IghEc4uY3ceJ1RCQ9jZ0 OsFMQR/n/n/n+ECC0qBBafh4L//V8RiDH+f+f+fw8QeWuc6dNTqFou2b3A+2CdQl/n/n/n/sKtxY THcHVJgLS7ke0xCX+f8An/n/ALCLt+rtD4ppa4ndofEJoS3FrGgGCCSCPkncC2tvY7iZHyX/1vEF 4eXB3IAPiFoS130vafEcL1P/AAdB/wAG+d/0rLf+htS9V/wdH7vrv1Hz6dYf+Ral0/1Fn9sZJiJo Mf3wXrv1B/l/1o/6WH/HAvXPqD/L/rR/0sP+OBL+1h/HfWn/AKWlq7Bdgu6X/9f3Fe4r3FJJJJJJ JJJf/9D3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9H3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r3Fc9 9fwT9T+sAak4l4H/AA25c9/bDBP1E+sYHJwMgf7QrK+s3+ouX/pVn+8OXy0vj1eTwpPkbfgEfJM+ j5VtTwv/1PJ+4XiWIYyqD4WN/KrFQ/Ss/pD8qcHyQzyeyYjXiNVIawUSs/oLv6v5USv+Jt08Pypy 4NEngISEdBP+f+f+fw//1fK6jaJJA1OoHbheGq1tbsZOh26eHJRne6tw8QfyJJmtLbGgiCCm9Jpr YCILRofAp+6TiQ90DudEgHEtDhqDz46FIcHzSIG1xHEceC//1vMi0EQRofFeGo2oKg0bC7Qx+ROT KmW7mjgcwFM6j4hMoEEEyIhCqqNbG7PDUFJFeWl7g4cEwR2X/9fy93u2aQQ77tCvDVaDC0OMaRoR xz/n/nw7q/cXN9p7+B+KSYO0AcJH4hRZpY8kQTA+5POik9p9Nu0SASZ/z/z/AJpOrBduHtd4j+dM oseW6EAjwK//0PLqjtrY0giAIXhqt2MLnuIgmTI7hNczdsI0IcNUkqSRvBGgBMJw57dHiR+8P8iS Ysa8j09D+6f5lF1YfYSZGjdQdRz/AJUk4c5lY0/OcCCPgv/R8tBsZo7UD84c/d/kXhqtbWPPt9p/ dP8AMV6L/aFYG/XK8x/xnXD/AJFqXqn+Dn/yuc3/AKVlv/Q2pdT9QT/djJ/0g/70F6d9QP5b9aP+ lif94avX/qB/LfrR/wBLE/7w1E/tXfT+tH/S1t/IF2C7Bd0v/9L3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9P3Fe4r 3FJJJJJJJJJf/9T3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9X3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9b3Fe4r3Fc/9fCB9VOqT/xH u/6FuXPf2wzH1F+sR/4o3f7yVlfWb/UfI/oWf7w5fNAxaP3PxK+PV5Hud4pOxqYEs40HKJaZ9PyY ApvJbt82g/5/5/7H/9fzN+PUJhuo450XiFJi2s+DgfxRKXn1q/6Q/L/n/nw/oY4ElsR3JKgo73dl XL6i8GuqWg6yTqnDiAR4qbXva1zZABidOP8AP/Pys0049rx7doaPoyeUyi4WDUiRoQRx/n/n8P/Q 8/qxMeXyzvpqfALw1Fse7bX5N/nKK7Bx4lrYidJKSTLXSAe3HkpMw8WACz3AQdSkms3gk9udOyT8 LHDmAV6TB1PgUk7HvDXkaQB+Uf5/56f/0eDfg1NBhpcD3B9w/mK8NRdzXCPonz4TN6fQS7V0duP8 iSd7nNa0EQRJ+H+f+fk7um0wdrnT5x/kSUfWMQ4aDjxCizCx3ATvZppMR98JKdoeHPIgwdY7L//S 4F/T6mlkFxkweP8AIvDUaqx0PEaBsx/n/n/M37PY0ncXFvi3t8oSS3B30QGkdj/n/n+RMwKHPdq6 IEH/ADCSdz3sYzTaQTPlwnd05gIILi3uO/5ElH1Wu5G0+IGi/9PgKsCgsbLnTAkA8fgvDUe51jXu dtgSYKa3AqYG7dxJMQSP8iSeq0uL9w4aTPdJuFRMO3sPYEj/ACJKB3AEtAcB3HZL9nVbnNaSIAI/ Hy8klL1SWNLmzBInw4/z/wA9P//U8++xUjR+5vnIj8i8NRZJ1Zr5dwu+/tIYzKPrbeWzLsC0H/hy tep/4OZ/4Ocz/pW2/wDQypdX/a+eXdayARoKDHlLmr0T+1/H2r6z9v7on/oW1ewf2v4+1fWft/dE /wDQtqN/as/6ic/8/W38gXYLsF3a/9X3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9b3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9f3Fe4r 3FJJJJJJJJJf/9D3Fe4r3FJJJJJJJJJf/9H3Fe4r3Fcj9ausdL6t0bqnTsLIFuSKL5rDXSIY4HSN dfBcN9a/rX9Xeu9A690Tp2c27PsxMhjavTsmWtJI+jrwePkuc6r1vpXU6MnBw8gW5LGW7mBrpG1j ge3j4LyPH/tY/XbJqbbR09l1btWvryaHNPwIevDcf+0x/bDyqW3Y3T6r6niWvqyqHNd8CHrjavqX 9YbWB9dDHsPDm2sIPzBUGf2tvrrcLBT031TU812httXseOxlwnSDpI15mQB1/wBp/wDthXC30OmC 40vdVaGXVTW8ctMuE6EGRI15mQEPqd9YHghmOHmsljoe32uB458+3+5//9LmM7+199c8PGuyMjpV tdVLHWPdLSGtAkkwTwAvN87+1f8AX7p2Nfl5XRrq6cdjrbH7mENa0SSYceAtiz6rdfxWm63DcGVD e4yIAGp4WVZ9TvrS7LdjZWK3Dc0mGZV1dQdHdpe5ocPAiR4Ki76lfWSrLdiZOKzCtaSAM26qgPj9 02OaHDwLSZ5GirnoPVWWurfSKXD/ABz2Mn4FxE/Ja7f7V311Y/GrPTgXZM+ltvpIdAk6h8carUd/ ak/tgi3Eq/ZYc7M3ehtyKCH7RuMEPjhWv9aP1gGxn2XW36EWMIManXcrdf8Aal+vzSJ6VoP9Hp/5 urP/ACyX9s//AJxv+rnH/wCkim36l/WlpluHH+/K/wDmy//TycX+1v8AXS23JqZ0/c/HeK7R6tXt cWNcB9LX2uB0Xn2N/ah/tiZN+ZRT0nfZh2Cq9vr0DY8sa8DV+vte06ePjK3W/VDr973sbiQ6khjw HshpI3fveBB0/wByFX1L+stjr6/sfp2Utc59dllbXho5O1zgSNOQIVOn+1x9c7bMmodO9O7Ga59l N1tVdoa0SXBjnBxbpyAQeyr1/VnrZe8fZtrqxuc1z2BwA7wSCQr1X9rX653VV2s6buY9oc0+tVwd R+ctCj+0z/bKyKKr6uj7q7Wh7D9ooEgiRzYjs+p31mcBZXh6OEg+pXwf6yHkf2u/rhjvx229PIdc 8srAtrJc4Mc4jR37rSfl4oeX/ai/tiYdmNXf0gtflWOqpaL6SXuDHPI0efzWOPyjmErPqj9YKyxr 8PY60lrYewyQC7sfBpX/1Mnp/wBTPrL1Gy2rGww66oxZS+2tljOOWOcHAa8xC8y6T/a4+ufV7r8f D6eHZGOSLce26qu5nGpre9rgNeYhamN9Wet5T7K6caX1/SY57GuHntJBj5f7Baf7X31uvy8rHrwZ uxiz1W+rX7dzZHLoMjwVnG/tTf2wMrOzcKnpW/IwTWMhnr0jZvbubqXwZHhKPX9VevvfZQzEDn0w LGl7PbOo1nw8E+Z/a++uODjuvv6a8Vs5Nb2PIHjDSTHieE/Uv7Un9sTpmI/KyujWCpn0jVZXYQPE hjnGB3MQO6bJ+qHX8el1z8Nwa3mHNcR/ek6KWP8A2t/rhkUtfTgMtrPDm30kf72iYv8Aae/tiZlL b8XpbL6ncPryscg/MWKTfqf9Y7ZtpxQ5pJhzba/+bL//1c+/+1x9ccd1At6ft9WwV1j1ajLoJj6X gCvP8r+1B/bFxHY7b+k7DkWimr9PQdzyCQNH6aA8rdf9U/rEwtFmHtNh2NIezU89j5II+pP1n+3/ AGB2F6WT+ay2ytnqf0C5wD/6sqoP7Wv12/ap6U/p3o5h+hVfdVX6v+llzwLI77CY7qufqv1wZX2Y 422381rnsbu/oyRu+SnV/a7+t1ubkY1eBN+O1jrG+rV7Q+Y/OgztKsU/2pf7YN/UMvAr6VuycRlT 7mevSNrbN20zvgztPB7ao7Pqr9YHWPxxh77KQC9pez2h3Gs+R4Ueo/UT629Mo9fL6c9lYOr2OY8N 83bSYHmYCF1j+1b9fei4v2rP6RZXQDDrGPreGebtjjtHmYHmh5n1T67iVerbiua3vDmu2/GCYHmY /wAn/9bNwv7XX1vzsOnJx+nepVY0OY71ah+BcCF5703+1H/bC6ng0ZuH0n1ce9u6t3r0tkfAvBHw IW3R9VPrHewX0Ym6uzVp9Rgn5Fyhn/2v/rdgV1PysAtbZaytkWVuJe7gANcTqodU/tU/X/pVVNuZ 0o1tuuZRXtuqcXWPMNaA15OpSv8Aqr13GYH24fp+o4Vth7DLncQASVm19D6zdk24tfT8i2+r+MqZ U4uYPMASFiUfVn6x5GbfhUdKzLsrH1toroe59f8ASaBI+az29L6ob3014t7ra/pNYxxLfiANFMfV f6x+s6pvScw2NaHFnoP3BpJAMbZgwY+B+Rx9S/rib30DoXUTaxrXurGLbuDXEgEjbMEtMHyPgino /V3HYcDJ3gSQ2p0gHgxHeD93kv/X5m/oHXcd9Vd/Tcqp9pitr6XgvPgJGpXkOT9VfrPiW0VZPR86 izIdtqZbj2NdY7waCNT8Fct6R1SlzGvw72l5hgNbgSfIR/n+Tsv7T/Ts3F+szrrsa2qq7CuFb3sI a8tewHaSIMd4XoX9ofHyekfWu7P6lU/Aw7enXivIyWmutxbbUDDnQDBMHXnRdP8AUTHyq+sWPspf XW+h2xzmkB0ObMGNYXR/U/rJwM/6zVfs/MySeomXY9QcGn02CDqNV6P9R/rDTTk/WJ1GHlZ9dnUC 5tuGwPYf0bO8hUf7XvV39Pt+stJ6dm5J/alpJx6twaYGhkjVdn0zqv7QNo+xZWJ6cfyqvbumeNTK 7fpnVf2gbR9iysT04/lVe3dM8amV3vTOq/tA2j7FlYnpx/Kq9u6Z41Mr/9Dv/wC19n52X6vrZFuR +oYNmX6jy70uoP8AV+016k+m5sMmoQGSIa2de/8A7X2fnZfq+tkW5H6hg2ZfqPLvS6g/1ftNepPp ubDJqEBkiGtnXv8A+19n52X6vrZFuR+oYNmX6jy70uoP9X7TXqT6bmwyahAZIhrZ17JdkuySSSSS SX//0fcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0vcV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//0/cV7ivcUkkkkkkkkl//1PcV7ivcVkfW To9/VsfArpexhxuoYmU7fOrabWuIEdyBos7rfTbeo4+LXW9rDTl42QS7uKrGvI+JAWR9ZOj39Wx8 Cul7GHG6hiZTt86tpta4gR3IGilf9WekPudfRW7ByHGTdhuNbnH+EG6O/rAqtk/VHoltzsjHrf07 JcZN+A81OcfFwb7X/wBcFWrOkYLnmythx7DqX0HYT8Y0PzBQaOm9Z6UbThWV9Qbc/wBW4ZZ2WOeQ ASHMbtiAIGwazrrpWo6T9Yeiuud066nqjMiw3Xtzj6drrCACQ+tmyCAIbsGs+6DpCvF6hhl5oezK Fjt7xcdry6IJBaI4A02/Pw//1fS/rF1d1v1e6ti5OFk4l12JfWwOZvY5zmEAB7Nw17TC7363fWJ1 n1T67h5nTc3Ayb8DJqrDq/Ure91bgALK9zRJOm4tPkvWuqZ5d0zNqtx7qbH0WNbLdzSS0gQ5sjXz hbuO2i/CZW4NtZsDHtMESOQR5LqMIY2V02qtwZcwMFdjDBAcBBaR4g8haVXp2UNaYcIDXDnUcgrm uqdA6fi9d6NT01p6T9rde212CBWXbGbhpG06juNVxfXvqx0vC+tf1ax+jtd0L7e7Kbe/pm2ouFde 9sjaWnVusgyNCsjN6fj09S6fXig4frmwPOPDZ2tkaRHI8FqNs+s/TzFzK+r0CPfVFd451LSdjvkW /BbIu+vPRyPXqp+sWK2Bvx4oywNZJY4+m88cOZ5BW9/WcX6bGZ9Y/Orhlo+R9p+RHwX/1vU/q9n0 X53V3kPx35GU1zKr27LPbj0g+066f5DwQvQ/qd1nEzOrfWN7hZiWZedW+rHy2mu724mOHDY7WQeY nQg8EE+u9Ky6rcvPJmp1tzS2u0bX6VVzofBW/rHi41/R811tbXupossrcRqxwaSCD2PmFpfXTBw8 r6s9UsvpZY/Gxb7aXuHuqe1hIc08ggjkKx1emqzp2S57A411vcwkatIGhB7LP6XV9YcfpWFkYt7M 9j6K3nGyQGOEtkhljRprwHNP9ILG6DR9c8P6v9LzcDLq6tVbi02uwc4Ct7d1cltdzBAEkAB7Dppu AVPCZ1arAxrqbW5TXVMcabvaRLZhrwPuBHzTZPWsXJ6p0Wm2uzDyK8tznVZDdpg0XNkO1a4EkCWk 8hNm/WrAzev/AFYxMim/pmbV1Gxz8bNZtO04uQwFrhLHtLiAC1x1IHJTXdUotzum1WNfjXNvcTXc IMelYJB4InTQr//X9j6l0XpvUxWcqkOsqM12tJbZWfFrhBHyK9d619Wui9cFRzsYPtpM05FZLLqX eLLGw5pnwK9oy+n4mYG+tXLm/Qe3R7D5OGoWF0n9o4HWOs00VnqRqfR6tljw297TWNsaBhIAI12z ySuS+r37a6R9ZPrPjYtJ62cezF9e2+0MyrWGgbAJArcWgEa7Z5LpWXgnMxeodRrrZ9s9N1W973AW OBYI8GkjzifFbuP1XCzBZSxxrva0l1NoLbG/1T28xp5rqsP6xdL6kL8eux1OWxhL8XJaa7miOdjo JH8ISD2K06s/GyA+triy0NJdVYNrx8j28+Fl9F6Fiu6L0vJxnOwcp2JQXW0QN52N+m36LvORPgQs P6s/VbBt+rHQc7Bss6VnP6fiudfiQPUPpt/jGEbXzAkkbo0BCpdN6bS7puFdSXY1zqKiX1fnHaPp Dg/MT5r/0PTOp5fUcW7pjepsrdUzKDhk0zDorfoa9SCdTpI813HXupda6dk9CZ1xlL6K+oNc3Oxd 0PIqs9rqtXNcdT7S4acg6L1jNyMuizCbmNYWNvBF1c+6Gu0LdSCdeJC2Xs6V1nCLXtpzsZ/Yw5sj +cfeF1D2dA+svTC17cbqmFb2O17CR98EfeCtEjB6hjQRXk0u+DhP+ULBowOp9O61n/slzchrKccv pzHuLntmyGts1I2wY3B3MEwBHJY3SuudG+s/Vx9X315ba8fEdbjdRseX2MJt2tZdqQWwdu8O+lBI DWgZdeNm4nUsr7CW2htdRdXkOJLmy6AH6kRrEzzzAC1MP6x4dt7cXMY/p2WdBTkwN5/gO+i/XiDP kt3p3116ZdlV4HUq7ei9RdoMbOAb6h0H6OwEssEnTaZ8gruP1jGfa2jIa7DyD/Y7tN39F3DvkZ8l /9H0b6q9Frf9XemZONdZhZLqGbn1H2vgQN7DLXaCOJjghdn9Q/q5Vf8AUzoWfg5N3Tc5+JXvuoMt tgQPUrdLXaACSNwGgIXq3RMBj+kYV1Nj8a51TZcw6Oj95p0Ph4+YU+vO6oGdPZnsr9OjOouOVTO1 wY6YLNXNcewG4eYUvrXd11lfSK+r1U+jjdUxMg5+MXbHNrfJDqvc9rnRoBvE/nBLqb81rcVuU1my vJqsN9c7SGmYLdSCe0SPMLUyMDoP1gpqyCGZGwzVkUuiys8+17Yc0+U/Fb2V0v6qfW7FozP0WZ6Z mjLxn7baXc+2xpDmkTMT8Qr1mN0zqtTLfbbt+hbWYcw+ThqCszFZ1XpvW8ulhPVSzFodutIbd6Zd YA2dGuLSCddpO7U6BYeA3r3RvrT1DFqc7r5rwMSzfkOazJNBsuDWB2jHuaWky4NLtxl3tE0qRnYn Ur6mTnFtNTpsIbZsLngCeCQQeYmdTov/0vYKs/pXU2vw7mDe4fpMXKZDiPNruR5iR5r1jH6x0Drr bem5DB6rm/pcDOr2vLfNjh7m+Ykea9mry8LNDsd49xHuoubDo+B5HmJC5v6oY9jcjpGTZkXXG7Gz GhlrpbUGW1tAZpIkASJ7aQuI/tfYT35P1eycnKyMwZWF1